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European Baccalaureate Physics study materials
European Baccalaureate Physics study resources

European Baccalaureate Physics practice questions

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Question 1Language 1 (L1)

In a European Baccalaureate physics report, a student writes: 'The measured period was 2,0 s.' Which statement about this written form is correct for L1 scientific prose?

  1. The decimal comma is standard in many L1 conventions and is acceptable in scientific writing in those languages. Correct answer.
  2. The decimal comma should be replaced by a slash to show a ratio.
  3. The decimal comma indicates an approximate value and requires a tilde.
  4. The decimal comma is a spelling error and must always be replaced by a point.

Explanation

In several European languages the decimal comma is the conventional separator, so '2,0 s' is a legitimate scientific notation in those L1 contexts. The choice depends on the language conventions of the L1, not on physics itself. A slash would signal a ratio, and a tilde marks approximation, neither of which is at issue here.

Question 2Language 1 (L1)

A student writes in an L1 physics essay: 'The acceleration is directly proportional to the net force.' Which rewrite expresses the same relationship using a verb form typical of formal scientific prose?

  1. The net force and the acceleration are proportional to each other.
  2. The net force determines the acceleration proportionally.
  3. The acceleration varies directly with the net force. Correct answer.
  4. The acceleration increases as the net force increases, in direct proportion.

Explanation

'Varies directly with' is a compact verb phrase that encodes direct proportionality and is standard in formal scientific registers. It preserves the causal direction stated in the original. The other options either lose the proportionality or introduce ambiguity about which quantity is the independent variable.

Question 3Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics practical write-up, the phrase 'the temperature was raised by 10 °C' appears. Which rewrite best converts this passive construction into an active one without changing the scientific meaning?

  1. A rise of 10 °C occurred in the temperature.
  2. The temperature rose by 10 °C.
  3. The experimenter raised the temperature by 10 °C. Correct answer.
  4. The temperature was increased by 10 °C.

Explanation

Converting to the active voice requires naming the agent that performs the action, here the experimenter. Option 3 keeps the same magnitude and direction of change while supplying the missing subject. The others remain passive or nominalised and do not restore an agent.

Question 4Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'If the voltage is doubled, the current doubles, provided the resistance remains constant.' Which function does the final clause perform in this L1 physics sentence?

  1. It gives the result of the first clause.
  2. It restates the first clause in different words.
  3. It introduces a contrast with the first clause.
  4. It states the condition under which the proportionality holds. Correct answer.

Explanation

The clause beginning 'provided' specifies a limiting condition, namely constant resistance, which is required for the proportional relationship to apply. This is a conditional qualifier, not a contrast, consequence, or restatement. Recognising such qualifiers is essential when reading physics statements precisely.

Question 5Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics text, the sentence 'The results were consistent with the hypothesis' is used. Which paraphrase preserves the epistemic strength of the original?

  1. The results proved the hypothesis.
  2. The results were caused by the hypothesis.
  3. The results were irrelevant to the hypothesis.
  4. The results supported the hypothesis. Correct answer.

Explanation

'Consistent with' expresses support without proof, so 'supported' preserves the appropriate degree of confidence. 'Proved' overstates the evidence, which is a common error in scientific writing. Causation and irrelevance are different relationships entirely.

Question 6Language 1 (L1)

A student in an L1 physics seminar says: 'The data is clear.' Which comment best reflects formal scientific usage in English-language L1 conventions?

  1. 'Data' is a plural noun in formal usage, so 'The data are clear' is preferred. Correct answer.
  2. 'Data' is always singular and the sentence is already correct.
  3. 'Data' should be replaced by 'datum' in every case.
  4. 'Data' cannot be used as a subject in scientific writing.

Explanation

In formal scientific English, 'data' is treated as the plural of 'datum', so plural agreement is traditionally preferred. Informal usage often treats it as a mass noun, but formal L1 physics writing favours 'the data are'. 'Datum' refers to a single value and cannot replace the plural in all cases.

Question 7Language 1 (L1)

An L1 physics abstract contains: 'We investigated the effect of temperature on resistance.' Which feature makes this sentence appropriate for an abstract?

  1. It uses a rhetorical question to engage interest.
  2. It uses first-person past tense to report what was done. Correct answer.
  3. It uses imperative mood to instruct the reader.
  4. It uses future tense to predict outcomes.

Explanation

Abstracts commonly report completed work in the past tense, and first-person plural is accepted in many scientific communities. This sentence states the object of study concisely. Future tense, imperatives, and rhetorical questions belong to other genres or registers.

Question 8Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'The ammeter, which was connected in series, read 0,5 A.' Which revision removes the relative clause without losing essential information?

  1. The ammeter, reading 0,5 A, was connected in series.
  2. The ammeter was connected in series and read 0,5 A. Correct answer.
  3. The ammeter read 0,5 A.
  4. The ammeter, connected in series, read 0,5 A.

Explanation

The relative clause carries essential information about the circuit arrangement, so removing it must preserve that detail. A coordinated clause keeps both facts while eliminating the relative pronoun. Simply deleting the clause would lose the series connection, which matters for interpreting the reading.

Question 9Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics discussion, a student writes: 'The graph shows that as time increases, velocity decreases.' Which term correctly describes the relationship between the two variables?

  1. Negative correlation Correct answer.
  2. No correlation
  3. Direct proportionality
  4. Inverse proportionality

Explanation

A decrease in one variable as the other increases describes a negative correlation, which need not be strictly proportional. Inverse proportionality is a stronger claim requiring the product of the variables to be constant. Direct proportionality and no correlation contradict the stated trend.

Question 10Language 1 (L1)

Which sentence uses the correct L1 physics term for the quantity measured in joules per coulomb?

  1. The resistance of the resistor is 6 V.
  2. The current through the resistor is 6 V.
  3. The potential difference across the resistor is 6 V. Correct answer.
  4. The power of the resistor is 6 V.

Explanation

Joules per coulomb define the volt, the unit of potential difference. Power is measured in watts, current in amperes, and resistance in ohms, so only potential difference matches the unit given. Correct terminology is part of precise scientific communication.

Question 11Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'The experiment was carried out carefully; therefore the results are reliable.' Which criticism of this L1 sentence is most justified?

  1. The conclusion does not follow, because careful procedure does not guarantee reliability. Correct answer.
  2. The passive voice makes the sentence ungrammatical.
  3. The word 'therefore' should be replaced by 'however'.
  4. The semicolon is misused and should be a comma.

Explanation

Careful execution reduces error but does not by itself guarantee reliable results, so the logical link asserted by 'therefore' is too strong. The semicolon is correctly used to join related independent clauses. Passive voice is grammatical, and 'however' would signal contrast rather than the intended inference.

Question 12Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics text, the phrase 'a significant increase' is used to describe a rise from 10,1 to 10,3 units. Which comment is most appropriate?

  1. 'Significant' cannot be used in scientific writing at all.
  2. 'Significant' is correct because any increase is significant.
  3. 'Significant' should be replaced by 'large' to avoid ambiguity.
  4. 'Significant' should be reserved for statistical significance or clear practical importance. Correct answer.

Explanation

In scientific registers, 'significant' often carries a statistical or practical meaning, so using it for a tiny change risks misleading the reader. Precision requires distinguishing statistical significance from magnitude. Replacing it with 'large' would be inaccurate here, and the word is not banned outright.

Question 13Language 1 (L1)

Which L1 sentence correctly reports a measurement with its uncertainty?

  1. The length is 12,4 cm ± 0,1 cm. Correct answer.
  2. The length is 12,4 cm more or less exactly.
  3. The length is 12,4 cm with some error somewhere.
  4. The length is 12,4 cm and maybe wrong.

Explanation

The ± notation states the measured value and its uncertainty in a compact, standard form. Vague phrases such as 'more or less' or 'some error somewhere' do not quantify uncertainty and are unsuitable in a physics report. Precise reporting requires an explicit numerical bound.

Question 14Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'Because the wire was thin, so it heated up quickly.' Which revision corrects the L1 sentence structure?

  1. The wire was thin, so because it heated up quickly.
  2. Because the wire was thin, so it heated up quickly, as expected.
  3. Because the wire was thin, it heated up quickly. Correct answer.
  4. Because of the wire was thin, it heated up quickly.

Explanation

English does not normally combine 'because' and 'so' in the same causal construction, since each already marks the relationship. Removing 'so' leaves a grammatical subordinate clause followed by its main clause. The other options either repeat the fault or create new grammatical errors.

Question 15Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics presentation, a speaker says: 'Let us now turn to the second law.' Which language function does this sentence perform?

  1. Defining a term
  2. Reporting a result
  3. Signposting a transition Correct answer.
  4. Hedging a claim

Explanation

'Let us now turn to' explicitly guides the audience from one part of the talk to the next, which is signposting. It does not define a concept, report data, or soften a claim. Signposting is a key discourse skill in oral scientific communication.

Question 16Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'The current, voltage and resistance are related by Ohm's law.' Which revision improves the L1 punctuation for a formal report?

  1. The current voltage and resistance are related by Ohm's law.
  2. The current; voltage; resistance are related by Ohm's law.
  3. The current, voltage and, resistance are related by Ohm's law.
  4. The current, voltage, and resistance are related by Ohm's law. Correct answer.

Explanation

A serial comma before the final conjunction is standard in many formal English styles and removes ambiguity in lists. Semicolons are used between independent clauses or in complex lists, not between simple items. Omitting all separators or inserting a comma before the conjunction only creates errors.

Question 17Language 1 (L1)

An L1 physics essay states: 'The hypothesis was that increasing the mass would increase the period of the pendulum.' Which element of a scientific report does this sentence belong to?

  1. The method
  2. The hypothesis statement Correct answer.
  3. The conclusion
  4. The results

Explanation

The sentence explicitly frames a testable prediction using 'the hypothesis was that', which belongs in the introduction or hypothesis section. Methods describe procedures, results report data, and conclusions interpret findings. Recognising these functional sections is part of scientific literacy.

Question 18Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'The voltage across the resistor was measured, the current was also measured.' Which revision best corrects the L1 punctuation?

  1. The voltage across the resistor was measured: the current was also measured as well.
  2. The voltage across the resistor was measured, the current was also measured, too.
  3. The voltage across the resistor was measured the current was also measured.
  4. The voltage across the resistor was measured; the current was also measured. Correct answer.

Explanation

Two independent clauses joined without a conjunction require a semicolon or a full stop. Option 0 supplies the semicolon correctly. The others either repeat the comma splice, drop punctuation entirely, or add redundant words after a colon.

Question 19Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics text, which sentence uses 'affect' and 'effect' correctly?

  1. The temperature effects the resistance, and the affect is measurable.
  2. The temperature affect the resistance, and the effect is measurable.
  3. The temperature effect the resistance.
  4. The temperature affects the resistance, and the effect is measurable. Correct answer.

Explanation

'Affect' is normally a verb meaning to influence, while 'effect' is normally a noun meaning result. Option 1 uses each in its standard grammatical role. The others reverse the roles or fail to match subject and verb agreement.

Question 20Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'The results, which were obtained over three trials, show a clear trend.' Which effect does the relative clause have on the main claim?

  1. It provides non-essential detail about how the results were obtained. Correct answer.
  2. It weakens the claim by adding doubt.
  3. It contradicts the main clause.
  4. It changes the subject of the main clause.

Explanation

The clause is set off by commas, marking it as non-defining, so it adds supplementary information without altering the main assertion. It does not weaken, replace, or contradict the subject. Distinguishing defining from non-defining clauses matters for accurate reading.

Question 21Language 1 (L1)

Which L1 sentence expresses a causal relationship most precisely for a physics report?

  1. The bulb lit up and the switch was closed.
  2. The bulb lit up, the switch was closed.
  3. The bulb lit up while the switch was closed.
  4. The bulb lit up because the switch was closed. Correct answer.

Explanation

'Because' explicitly marks cause and effect, which matches the physical explanation that closing the circuit causes the bulb to light. Simple coordination, comma splices, and 'while' express sequence or simultaneity rather than causation. Precision in causal language matters when interpreting experiments.

Question 22Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics discussion, a student writes: 'The value obtained is approximately 9,8 m/s².' Which word class does 'approximately' belong to, and what is its function here?

  1. Adjective, modifying the noun 'value'.
  2. Adverb, modifying the verb to indicate approximation. Correct answer.
  3. Preposition, linking two noun phrases.
  4. Conjunction, joining two clauses.

Explanation

'Approximately' is an adverb that modifies the verb phrase and signals that the stated figure is not exact. Adjectives modify nouns, prepositions govern noun phrases, and conjunctions link clauses, none of which fits its role here. Recognising hedges as adverbs helps interpret precision claims.

Question 23Language 1 (L1)

Which sentence best converts the informal L1 statement 'The thing got really hot' into formal physics register?

  1. The object's temperature increased substantially. Correct answer.
  2. The object became extremely hot.
  3. The thing heated up a lot.
  4. The object got very hot indeed.

Explanation

Formal physics register replaces vague nouns and intensifiers with measurable quantities, so 'temperature increased substantially' is the most precise option. 'Extremely' and 'very hot indeed' remain subjective intensifiers, and 'thing' and 'got' are informal. Precision in quantity language is central to scientific communication.

Question 24Language 1 (L1)

A student writes: 'The force is 10 N, the mass is 2 kg, therefore the acceleration is 5 m/s².' Which revision best improves the L1 sentence's punctuation and logic?

  1. The force is 10 N, the mass is 2 kg; therefore, the acceleration is 5 m/s².
  2. The force is 10 N. The mass is 2 kg therefore the acceleration is 5 m/s².
  3. The force is 10 N and the mass is 2 kg, therefore the acceleration is 5 m/s².
  4. The force is 10 N; the mass is 2 kg; therefore the acceleration is 5 m/s². Correct answer.

Explanation

Semicolons correctly separate three independent clauses, and the conjunctive adverb 'therefore' links the conclusion to the premises. Option 1 preserves the logical inference while fixing the comma splice. The alternatives either retain a splice or misplace punctuation.

Question 25Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics text, which sentence uses the term 'mass' correctly, as distinct from 'weight'?

  1. The mass of the block is 2 kg. Correct answer.
  2. The mass of the block is 9,8 m/s².
  3. The mass of the block is 2 newtons per kilogram.
  4. The mass of the block is 20 N.

Explanation

Mass is a scalar quantity measured in kilograms, so '2 kg' is correct. Weight is a force measured in newtons, and gravitational field strength is measured in newtons per kilogram or metres per second squared. Confusing these units is a common terminology error in L1 physics writing.

Question 26Language 1 (L1)

An L1 physics student writes in a lab report: 'The temperature was increased by 10°C, and the pressure was observed to rise.' Which language feature makes this sentence appropriate for a formal scientific report?

  1. It uses the first person to establish the student's ownership of the experiment.
  2. It uses an imperative to instruct the reader in repeating the procedure.
  3. It uses a rhetorical question to engage the reader's interest.
  4. It uses the passive voice to focus on the process rather than the experimenter. Correct answer.

Explanation

Formal scientific writing often uses the passive voice to emphasise the procedure and the variables rather than the person performing the experiment. This makes the report sound objective and reproducible. The other options describe features of informal, instructional, or persuasive writing, not a lab report.

Question 27Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics presentation, a student says: 'The results were consistent across trials; however, the sample size was small.' Which language function does the word 'however' perform in this utterance?

  1. It introduces a contrast or limitation to the preceding statement. Correct answer.
  2. It summarises the main point of the preceding statement.
  3. It adds a further example that supports the preceding statement.
  4. It signals a cause-and-effect relationship between the two clauses.

Explanation

'However' is a conjunctive adverb that signals contrast or concession. Here it introduces a limitation (small sample size) that qualifies the positive claim about consistency. It does not add support, show causation, or summarise.

Question 28Language 1 (L1)

A student writes in an L1 physics essay: 'The acceleration of the trolley was measured using a motion sensor, it was found to be 2,0 m/s².' Which revision best corrects the sentence structure?

  1. The acceleration of the trolley was measured using a motion sensor, it was found to be 2,0 m/s².
  2. The acceleration of the trolley was measured using a motion sensor; it was found to be 2,0 m/s². Correct answer.
  3. The acceleration of the trolley was measured using a motion sensor because it was found to be 2,0 m/s².
  4. The acceleration of the trolley was measured using a motion sensor, and it was found to be 2,0 m/s².

Explanation

The original sentence contains a comma splice: two independent clauses joined only by a comma. A semicolon correctly separates the two related independent clauses. A coordinating conjunction with a comma would also be acceptable, but option 0 is the cleanest revision that preserves the original meaning and formality.

Question 29Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics discussion, a student writes: 'The wire was thin, so it heated up quickly.' Which revision best expresses the relationship between the two clauses in formal scientific register?

  1. The wire was thin; it heated up quickly.
  2. Because the wire was thin, it heated up quickly. Correct answer.
  3. The wire was thin, so it heated up quickly.
  4. The wire was thin, and it heated up quickly.

Explanation

The original uses 'so', which is acceptable but informal. In formal scientific writing, causal relationships are often expressed with 'because' or 'therefore'. 'Because' makes the causal link explicit and avoids the conversational tone of 'so'.

Question 30Language 1 (L1)

An L1 physics text states: 'The resistance of the sample increased with temperature.' Which term best describes the relationship between resistance and temperature in this sentence?

  1. Inverse proportionality
  2. No correlation
  3. Positive correlation Correct answer.
  4. Negative correlation

Explanation

When one variable increases as the other increases, the relationship is a positive correlation. The sentence says resistance increased with temperature, so both variables move in the same direction. Negative correlation and inverse proportionality would mean one decreases as the other increases.

Question 31Language 1 (L1)

A student writes in an L1 physics report: 'The current was measured with an ammeter, the voltage with a voltmeter.' Which revision best improves the sentence for formal scientific writing?

  1. The current was measured with an ammeter, and the voltage was measured with a voltmeter.
  2. The current was measured with an ammeter; the voltage with a voltmeter.
  3. The current was measured with an ammeter, the voltage with a voltmeter.
  4. The current was measured with an ammeter and the voltage with a voltmeter. Correct answer.

Explanation

The original uses ellipsis (omitting 'was measured') after the comma, which can be acceptable in some styles but is informal. Adding 'and' before the second clause creates a grammatically complete compound sentence without repeating the verb, which is concise and formal. Option 3 is also grammatically correct but more verbose; option 0 is the best balance of concision and formality.

Question 32Language 1 (L1)

In an L1 physics seminar, a student says: 'The experiment was a success.' Which comment best reflects the formal scientific usage expected in this context?

  1. 'Success' is informal; use 'victory' instead.
  2. 'Success' should be replaced by 'good result' to sound more scientific.
  3. 'Success' is appropriate because it clearly states that the experiment worked.
  4. 'Success' is too vague; specify whether the hypothesis was supported and whether the data were reliable. Correct answer.

Explanation

In scientific discourse, evaluative terms like 'success' are vague and should be replaced by specific criteria such as whether the hypothesis was supported or the measurements were reliable. This makes the claim testable and precise.

Question 33Language 1 (L1)

An L1 physics paper contains the sentence: 'The voltage across the resistor was 5 V, and the current through it was 0,2 A.' Which revision best improves the precision of the language?

  1. The potential difference across the resistor was 5 V, and the current through it was 0,2 A. Correct answer.
  2. The voltage across the resistor was 5 V, and the current through it was 0,2 amps.
  3. The voltage across the resistor was 5 V, and the current through it was 0,2 A.
  4. The power across the resistor was 5 V, and the current through it was 0,2 A.

Explanation

'Voltage' is a common term, but in formal physics writing 'potential difference' is more precise and avoids ambiguity. The other options either repeat the original, introduce an incorrect quantity (power), or use a non-standard unit symbol ('amps' instead of 'A').

Question 34Language 1 (L1)

A student writes in an L1 physics conclusion: 'The results show that the resistance increases with temperature, which proves that the hypothesis is correct.' Which revision best improves the scientific reasoning expressed?

  1. The results show that the resistance increases with temperature, which confirms the hypothesis beyond doubt.
  2. The results show that the resistance increases with temperature, which demonstrates the hypothesis.
  3. The results show that the resistance increases with temperature, which proves the hypothesis is true.
  4. The results show that the resistance increases with temperature, which supports the hypothesis. Correct answer.

Explanation

In science, data can support or be consistent with a hypothesis but cannot prove it definitively. 'Supports' is the appropriate verb because it acknowledges that evidence is provisional. The other options overstate the certainty of the conclusion.

Question 35Language 2 (L2)

In the European Baccalaureate L2 paper, which sentence uses the English article system correctly?

  1. She is studying physics at the University of Liège. Correct answer.
  2. She is studying a physics at University of Liège.
  3. She is studying the physics at the University of Liège.
  4. She is studying physics at University of Liège.

Explanation

Academic subjects are treated as uncountable and take no article, so 'physics' stands alone. Named institutions of the form 'University of X' require the definite article 'the', giving 'the University of Liège'.

Question 36Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence correctly reports a measurement in the past tense for an EB physics report?

  1. We were measuring the voltage across the resistor yesterday at 3 p.m. sharp for a single reading.
  2. We measured the voltage across the resistor yesterday. Correct answer.
  3. We have measured the voltage across the resistor yesterday.
  4. We measure the voltage across the resistor yesterday.

Explanation

A finished action with a definite past time marker ('yesterday') takes the simple past. The present perfect is incompatible with a specific finished past time.

Question 37Language 2 (L2)

Complete the sentence with the correct comparative structure: 'The longer the pendulum, the ... the period of oscillation.'

  1. longer
  2. greatest
  3. greater Correct answer.
  4. more great

Explanation

The 'the + comparative, the + comparative' pattern expresses parallel change. The adjective 'great' forms its comparative as 'greater', not 'more great'.

Question 38Language 2 (L2)

Which option gives the correct plural form for the nouns in a laboratory inventory: 'three ... and two ...'?

  1. apparatuses / analysis
  2. apparatus / analyses
  3. apparatuses / analyses Correct answer.
  4. apparatus / analysis

Explanation

'Apparatus' forms its plural regularly as 'apparatuses' in scientific usage, and 'analysis' follows the Greek pattern with plural 'analyses'. Both nouns must be plural after the numeral 'three' and 'two'.

Question 39Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence uses the modal verb that best expresses a physical possibility in an EB data-analysis conclusion?

  1. The discrepancy must be caused by a calibration error, but we cannot prove it.
  2. The discrepancy can be caused by a calibration error, but we cannot prove it. Correct answer.
  3. The discrepancy should be caused by a calibration error, but we cannot prove it.
  4. The discrepancy shall be caused by a calibration error, but we cannot prove it.

Explanation

'Can' expresses theoretical possibility, which suits an unproven explanation. 'Must' asserts near-certainty, which contradicts the admission that it cannot be proven.

Question 40Language 2 (L2)

Choose the option that correctly completes the passive construction typical of a methods section: 'The sample ... to 300 K before each run.'

  1. was heating
  2. heated
  3. has heated
  4. was heated Correct answer.

Explanation

The passive voice is formed with 'be' plus a past participle, giving 'was heated'. The sample receives the action, so an active form would wrongly suggest the sample heats something.

Question 41Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence places the adverb of frequency correctly for a description of experimental routine?

  1. The students are always required to record the uncertainty. Correct answer.
  2. The students always are required to record the uncertainty.
  3. The students are required always to record the uncertainty.
  4. Always the students are required to record the uncertainty.

Explanation

Adverbs of frequency normally sit after the auxiliary verb 'be' and before the main participle. Placing 'always' between 'are' and 'required' follows this rule.

Question 42Language 2 (L2)

Which word correctly completes the sentence: 'The results of the experiment ... consistent with the hypothesis.'

  1. is
  2. was
  3. are Correct answer.
  4. has

Explanation

The subject is 'results', a plural noun, so the verb must be plural: 'are'. The intervening phrase 'of the experiment' does not change the number of the subject.

Question 43Language 2 (L2)

In an EB L2 physics essay, which connector best fills the gap: 'The first measurement was accurate; ..., the second was affected by parallax error.'

  1. however Correct answer.
  2. therefore
  3. moreover
  4. similarly

Explanation

The two clauses contrast a good result with a faulty one, so a contrastive connector is needed. 'However' signals this contrast and is followed by a comma.

Question 44Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence uses the correct preposition with the verb in a laboratory instruction?

  1. The thermometer must be immersed on the liquid.
  2. The thermometer must be immersed into the liquid.
  3. The thermometer must be immersed at the liquid.
  4. The thermometer must be immersed in the liquid. Correct answer.

Explanation

The verb 'immerse' is followed by the preposition 'in' to indicate the surrounding medium. 'Immersed in the liquid' is the standard collocation.

Question 45Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence correctly uses a relative clause to define a quantity in an EB physics text?

  1. The force, that acts on the mass, is constant.
  2. The force that acts on the mass is constant. Correct answer.
  3. The force, which acts on the mass, that is constant.
  4. The force what acts on the mass is constant.

Explanation

A defining relative clause identifying which force is meant takes 'that' without commas. Non-defining clauses, which add extra information, use 'which' with commas.

Question 46Language 2 (L2)

Which option correctly completes the conditional used to discuss an idealised experiment: 'If the wire were perfectly insulated, no heat ... lost.'

  1. would be Correct answer.
  2. is
  3. will be
  4. would have been

Explanation

A hypothetical present situation uses the second conditional: past subjunctive 'were' in the if-clause and 'would' plus infinitive in the main clause. 'Would be lost' matches that pattern.

Question 47Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence uses the gerund or infinitive correctly after the verb?

  1. The technician suggested that repeating the calibration.
  2. The technician suggested to repeat the calibration.
  3. The technician suggested repeat the calibration.
  4. The technician suggested repeating the calibration. Correct answer.

Explanation

The verb 'suggest' is followed by a gerund, not an infinitive, when no object is mentioned. 'Suggested repeating' is the correct pattern.

Question 48Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence uses the correct word form to describe an uncertain measurement?

  1. The value is approximately accurate. Correct answer.
  2. The value is approximating accurate.
  3. The value is approximation accurate.
  4. The value is approximate accurate.

Explanation

An adverb is needed to modify the adjective 'accurate', and 'approximately' is the adverbial form of 'approximate'. Adverbs typically end in '-ly'.

Question 49Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence best expresses a past hypothesis about an experiment that failed, using the third conditional?

  1. If we would check the circuit, we had detected the fault.
  2. If we had checked the circuit, we would detect the fault.
  3. If we had checked the circuit, we would have detected the fault. Correct answer.
  4. If we checked the circuit, we would have detected the fault.

Explanation

The third conditional describes an unreal past: 'had' plus past participle in the if-clause, and 'would have' plus past participle in the main clause. Both halves must refer to the past.

Question 50Language 2 (L2)

Which sentence uses the correct quantifier for an uncountable noun in a physics context?

  1. There were fewer resistance than expected in the circuit.
  2. There was fewer resistance than expected in the circuit.
  3. There were less resistance than expected in the circuit.
  4. There was less resistance than expected in the circuit. Correct answer.

Explanation

'Resistance' is an uncountable noun, so it takes 'less' and a singular verb 'was'. 'Fewer' is reserved for countable plural nouns.