FAA AGI Advanced Ground Instructor flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Flight review requirement

14 CFR 61.56 requires a flight review every 24 calendar months consisting of at least 1 hour of ground training and 1 hour of flight training.

Passenger currency three takeoffs landings

To carry passengers, a pilot must have made three takeoffs and three landings within the preceding 90 days; night currency requires three full-stop landings at night.

Third-class medical validity periods

A third-class medical certificate is valid for 24 calendar months if the pilot is under age 40 and 12 calendar months at age 40 or older.

Load factor in level turns

In a level turn, load factor equals 1 divided by the cosine of the bank angle; a 60-degree bank yields 2 G and raises stall speed about 41 percent.

Induced drag versus airspeed

Induced drag is inversely proportional to the square of airspeed, while parasite drag increases directly with the square of airspeed; total drag is least at L/D max.

Critical angle of attack

A wing stalls when it exceeds the critical angle of attack, regardless of airspeed, weight, load factor, or density altitude.

Vx and Vy with altitude

Best angle of climb speed (Vx) increases with altitude while best rate of climb speed (Vy) decreases, and the two meet at the absolute ceiling.

Carburetor icing temperature range

Carburetor icing is most likely when outside air temperature is roughly 20 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit with high humidity; applying carburetor heat usually causes an initial RPM drop.

Four-stroke engine cycle

The four strokes of a reciprocating engine are intake, compression, power, and exhaust; the camshaft times the valves and the crankshaft converts reciprocating motion to rotation.

Alternate static source effects

Selecting the alternate static source causes the altimeter and airspeed indicator to read higher and the vertical speed indicator to show a momentary climb.

Weight-shift formula

The weight-shift formula states that weight moved divided by total weight equals the change in center of gravity divided by the distance the weight is moved.

Standard fuel and oil weights

Aviation gasoline weighs 6 pounds per gallon and oil weighs 7.5 pounds per gallon; these standard values are used in weight and balance computations.

Forward center of gravity effects

A forward center of gravity increases stall speed and takeoff distance and improves longitudinal stability, but reduces elevator authority and can make the flare difficult.

Variation east is least

With easterly variation, subtract it when converting true heading to magnetic heading; with westerly variation, add it. Remember east is least, west is best.

VFR fuel reserve

Under VFR, a flight must carry enough fuel to reach the first point of intended landing and then fly for 30 minutes during the day or 45 minutes at night.

Wind triangle heading conversions

True course corrected for wind yields true heading; applying variation gives magnetic heading, and applying compass deviation gives the compass heading to fly.

One degree of latitude

One degree of latitude equals 60 nautical miles, and one minute of latitude equals one nautical mile, allowing distance to be measured from a chart's latitude scale.

AIRMET categories

AIRMET Sierra covers IFR conditions and mountain obscuration, Tango covers turbulence and strong winds, and Zulu covers icing and freezing levels.

Standard temperature lapse rate

In the standard atmosphere, temperature decreases about 2 degrees Celsius per 1,000 feet, or about 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit per 1,000 feet, above sea level.

Radiation fog formation

Radiation fog forms on clear, calm nights as the ground cools and moist air near the surface reaches saturation, typically when the temperature-dew point spread is small.

Density altitude factors

High elevation, high temperature, high humidity, and low atmospheric pressure all increase density altitude, which degrades takeoff, climb, and engine performance.

Class B airspace requirements

Class B airspace requires an explicit ATC clearance and a Mode C transponder; it is individually tailored and usually resembles an inverted wedding cake around major airports.

VFR cruising altitudes

Above 3,000 feet AGL, magnetic courses from 0 to 179 degrees use odd thousands plus 500 feet, and courses from 180 to 359 use even thousands plus 500 feet.

Wake turbulence avoidance

To avoid wake turbulence, fly above and upwind of the preceding aircraft's flight path and land beyond the point where that aircraft touched down.

Supplemental oxygen requirements

Crew must use supplemental oxygen above 14,000 feet MSL, and passengers must be provided oxygen above 15,000 feet MSL; between 12,500 and 14,000 feet crew use is required after 30 minutes.

IMSAFE checklist

Illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, and emotion form the IMSAFE checklist, which pilots use for self-assessment before accepting a flight.

Five hazardous attitudes

Anti-authority, impulsivity, invulnerability, macho, and resignation are the five hazardous attitudes, and each has a specific antidote such as follow the rules.

Alcohol eight-hour rule

Regulations prohibit acting as a crewmember within 8 hours of consuming alcohol, while under the influence, or with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.04 percent or higher.

Time of useful consciousness

At 18,000 feet a person has roughly 20 to 30 minutes of useful consciousness without supplemental oxygen, and this time decreases rapidly at higher altitudes.

Levels of learning

Rote, understanding, application, and correlation are the four levels of learning, with correlation highest because it links new knowledge to previous experience.

Laws of learning

Readiness, exercise, effect, primacy, intensity, and recency are the laws of learning that describe conditions influencing how students acquire and retain knowledge.

Criterion-referenced testing

Criterion-referenced tests measure a student's performance against a defined standard of proficiency, while norm-referenced tests compare a student's performance with other students.