Health Education flashcards
Health Education · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Needs Assessment
- A systematic process of collecting and analyzing data to identify gaps between current and desired health status, and to determine what a program should address.
- PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
- A planning framework in which PRECEDE phases assess social, epidemiological, behavioral, and educational factors, while PROCEED covers implementation and evaluation of the intervention.
- SMART Objectives
- Objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound, allowing planners and evaluators to judge whether the intended change actually occurred.
- Formative Evaluation
- Evaluation conducted during program development or delivery to monitor process, refine materials, and correct problems before the program ends.
- Summative Evaluation
- Evaluation conducted at the end of a program to judge overall effectiveness, typically measuring outcomes and impact against stated objectives.
- Internal Validity
- The degree to which observed changes can be attributed to the intervention rather than to history, maturation, testing, instrumentation, selection, or attrition.
- Reliability vs Validity
- Reliability is consistency of a measure across repeated administrations; validity is whether the measure actually captures the construct it claims to measure.
- Type I Error
- Rejecting a null hypothesis that is actually true, producing a false positive; the alpha level sets the acceptable probability of this error.
- Statistical Power
- The probability of correctly rejecting a false null hypothesis, that is, detecting a real effect; it rises with larger samples and larger effect sizes.
- Informed Consent
- Voluntary agreement to participate after disclosure of purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, and alternatives, given by a person competent to decide.
- Institutional Review Board
- A committee that reviews research involving human subjects to protect rights and welfare, assessing risk, consent procedures, and equitable subject selection.
- Health Literacy
- The capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.
- Plain Language
- Writing that uses common words, short sentences, active voice, and clear organization so the intended audience can find, understand, and act on information.
- Teach-Back Method
- A communication technique in which the learner explains the information back in their own words, letting the educator confirm comprehension and correct misunderstandings.
- Diffusion of Innovations
- A theory describing how new ideas spread through a population, categorizing adopters as innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards.
- Health Belief Model
- A theory holding that behavior depends on perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy.
- Transtheoretical Model
- A stage-based model of behavior change with precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination stages.
- Social Cognitive Theory
- A theory emphasizing reciprocal determinism, observational learning, self-efficacy, and reinforcement as influences on health behavior.
- Logic Model
- A visual framework linking inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes, showing how program resources are expected to produce intended changes.
- Process Evaluation
- Evaluation that measures reach, dose delivered, dose received, fidelity, and satisfaction to document how a program was actually carried out.
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
- An economic evaluation comparing the cost of alternative interventions per unit of health outcome, such as cost per life-year gained.
- Program Fidelity
- The extent to which an intervention is delivered as designed, including adherence to content, dose, and delivery methods.
- Pilot Testing
- Trial delivery of a program or material to a small group to identify content, format, and logistical problems before full implementation.
- Media Advocacy
- Strategic use of news media and public communication to shape public opinion and pressure decision-makers toward policy change.
- Policy Brief
- A concise document that states a problem, summarizes evidence, and recommends a specific actionable policy solution for decision-makers.
- Grassroots Advocacy
- Mobilizing ordinary community members to contact officials, testify, or campaign in support of a health policy objective.
- Span of Control
- The number of subordinates reporting directly to a single manager, which affects supervision quality and organizational structure.
- Zero-Based Budgeting
- A budgeting approach in which every expenditure must be justified from zero each cycle rather than rolling forward the prior year's allocation.
- Transformational Leadership
- A leadership style using idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration to raise follower performance and commitment.
- Situational Leadership
- A leadership approach that adapts directing, coaching, supporting, or delegating behaviors to the readiness and competence of the follower.
- Emotional Intelligence
- The set of abilities comprising self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skill that support effective leadership and relationships.
- Scope of Practice
- The boundaries of duties a health professional is trained and legally authorized to perform, defined by law, certification, and professional standards.