FL Plumber flashcards
FL Plumber · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Break-even point
- The sales volume at which total revenue equals total cost; calculated as fixed costs divided by the difference between unit selling price and unit variable cost.
- Markup versus margin
- Markup is the percentage added to cost, while margin is the percentage of the selling price; a 25 percent markup produces a 20 percent gross margin.
- Working capital
- Current assets minus current liabilities. It measures the funds available to cover day-to-day operations such as payroll, materials, and supplier payments.
- Current ratio
- Current assets divided by current liabilities. A ratio below 1.0 indicates the business cannot meet its short-term obligations with short-term assets.
- Notice to Owner
- A Florida written notice that a subcontractor or material supplier serves on the owner and lender within 45 days of first furnishing in order to preserve lien rights.
- Change order
- A written modification to a construction contract, signed by the owner and contractor, that changes the contract price, the contract time, or the scope of work.
- Critical path
- The longest chain of dependent activities in a project schedule. It sets the shortest possible project duration, and any delay on it delays completion.
- Retainage
- A percentage of each progress payment withheld by the owner until the work is complete. Florida limits public-work retainage to 5 percent after 50 percent completion.
- Air gap
- An unobstructed vertical distance between a potable water outlet and the flood-level rim of the receiving fixture; at least twice the pipe diameter and never less than 1 inch.
- Trap seal depth
- The vertical distance between the trap weir and the top of the trap dip; codes require a minimum of 2 inches and a maximum of 4 inches.
- Vent through roof
- A vent extending through a roof must terminate at least 6 inches above the roof surface, or 7 feet if the roof is used for purposes other than weather protection.
- Water closet clearance
- A water closet must have at least 15 inches from its centerline to any side wall and at least 30 inches of clear space between the surrounding walls.
- Fixture unit
- A unitless measure of the probable water demand of a plumbing fixture, used to size both water supply piping and drainage piping in a building.
- Pressure per foot of rise
- Each foot of elevation change in a water column equals 0.434 psi, so a 10-foot rise reduces static pressure by about 4.34 psi.
- Water hammer arrestor
- A device containing a trapped air chamber or piston, installed near quick-closing valves to absorb the shock wave created when flow stops suddenly.
- Thermal expansion tank
- A tank installed on the cold-water inlet of a water heater to absorb the volume increase when heated water expands in a closed system.
- Drainage slope
- Horizontal drainage pipe must slope at 1/4 inch per foot for 2-1/2 inch and smaller pipe and at 1/8 inch per foot for 3 inch and larger pipe.
- Backwater valve
- A one-way valve installed on a drain serving fixtures whose flood-level rim is below the next upstream manhole cover, preventing sewage backup into the building.
- Cleanout placement
- Cleanouts are required at the base of each stack, at the end of the building drain, and at changes of direction greater than 45 degrees.
- Stack vent
- The extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest fixture connection, which serves as the vent for the fixtures discharging into that stack.
- Temperature and pressure relief valve
- A valve on a water heater that opens at 210 degrees Fahrenheit or 150 psi to relieve excess temperature or pressure and prevent tank rupture.
- Grease interceptor
- A tank installed in the drain line from a food-service establishment that traps fats, oils, and grease and keeps them out of the building sewer.
- Clothes washer standpipe
- A vertical pipe that receives washing-machine discharge; it must be at least 18 inches and not more than 42 inches above the trap weir.
- Trap primer
- A device that automatically adds water to a floor drain trap to replace evaporation and keep the trap seal intact between periods of use.
- Competent person
- An individual who can identify existing and predictable hazards, is authorized to take prompt corrective action, and inspects excavations as required by OSHA.
- Trench protective system
- Sloping, benching, shoring, or a trench shield that protects workers; required in excavations 5 feet deep or more, or at any depth where hazards exist.
- Fall protection height
- In construction, employers must provide fall protection whenever workers are exposed to falls of 6 feet or more to a lower level.
- Confined space oxygen
- Acceptable atmospheric oxygen for entry is 19.5 to 23.5 percent; testing must occur before entry and continue while the space is occupied.
- Quarter-inch scale
- A drawing note of 1/4 inch = 1 foot means a measured quarter inch on paper represents one foot; multiply the scaled measurement by 48.
- Cubic foot to gallons
- One cubic foot contains 7.48 gallons of water, and one gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds; use both factors to convert volume to weight.
- Psi to feet of head
- One psi equals 2.31 feet of water column, and one foot of head equals 0.433 psi; these convert between pressure and elevation.
- Copper tube types
- Type K has the thickest wall, Type L is medium, and Type M is thinnest; Type L is commonly used for interior water distribution piping.