GA Pesticide Applicator flashcards
GA Pesticide Applicator · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- FIFRA
- Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, the federal law governing pesticide registration, sale, distribution, and use in the United States; EPA administers it with state agencies.
- Restricted-use pesticide
- A pesticide that may be purchased and applied only by, or under the direct supervision of, a certified applicator because it poses special human health or environmental risks.
- Private applicator
- A certified applicator who uses or supervises restricted-use pesticide applications on land that they or their employer own or rent to produce an agricultural commodity.
- Section 18 exemption
- Emergency authority granted by EPA that lets a state use an unregistered pesticide for a limited period when no registered product can control the pest.
- RUP record retention
- Certified applicators must keep records of restricted-use pesticide applications for two years and make them available to state or federal officials on request.
- DANGER-POISON signal word
- Signal word required on Category I highly toxic pesticide labels, paired with a skull and crossbones and a statement of practical treatment.
- Label versus labeling
- The label is the written material attached to the container; labeling also includes brochures, leaflets, and other information that accompanies the pesticide product.
- Restricted-entry interval
- The time after an agricultural pesticide application during which worker entry is prohibited unless the person wears the protective equipment the label specifies.
- EPA registration number
- An identifier in the form of registrant number plus product number assigned when EPA registers a pesticide; its presence shows the product is legally registered.
- Use inconsistent with labeling
- Applying a pesticide in any manner not permitted by its label directions or restrictions; this violates FIFRA unless a specific statutory exception applies.
- Precautionary statements
- The label section listing hazards to humans and domestic animals, environmental hazards, physical or chemical hazards, and the personal protective equipment required for handling.
- LD50
- The single dose of a pesticide, in milligrams per kilogram of body weight, that kills half of a test animal population; a lower value means greater acute toxicity.
- Cholinesterase inhibitor
- An organophosphate or carbamate insecticide that blocks cholinesterase, letting acetylcholine accumulate and causing pinpoint pupils, salivation, sweating, and muscle twitching.
- Atropine
- A drug medical personnel give to counteract the cholinergic symptoms of organophosphate or carbamate poisoning; it supports but does not replace prompt removal from exposure.
- Dermal exposure
- Absorption of pesticide through the skin, the most common exposure route for handlers; risk increases with hot weather, sweating, and damaged skin.
- Heat stress versus pesticide poisoning
- Both cause dizziness, headache, nausea, and weakness; heat stress eases with cooling and rest, while suspected pesticide poisoning requires stopping work and medical evaluation.
- Respirator fit test
- An annual qualitative or quantitative check that a tight-fitting respirator seals to the wearer's face; the user must also be medically cleared before use.
- Adsorption
- Binding of pesticide molecules to soil particles, which reduces movement; higher clay and organic matter content generally increase adsorption and limit leaching.
- Leaching
- Downward movement of a pesticide through soil with water, favored by high water solubility, weak soil binding, sandy soils, and heavy rainfall or irrigation.
- Vapor drift
- Off-site movement of pesticide vapor after application, distinct from droplet drift; it increases with high temperature and with volatile formulations or high vapor pressure.
- Bioaccumulation
- Build-up of a persistent, fat-soluble pesticide within an organism's tissues over time; it can lead to biomagnification, with higher concentrations in predators up the food chain.
- Endangered species bulletin
- A county-specific EPA bulletin from Bulletins Live! Two that lists pesticide use limitation areas and application timing restrictions protecting listed species.
- Economic threshold
- The pest population level at which control should be applied to keep the pest from reaching the economic injury level; a core IPM decision rule.
- Resistance management
- Rotating pesticide mode-of-action groups, applying labeled rates, and combining control tactics to slow selection of pest populations that survive treatment.
- Biological control
- Use of predators, parasitoids, and pathogens to suppress pests; it is conserved by avoiding unnecessary broad-spectrum insecticide applications that kill natural enemies.
- Scouting
- Systematic field inspection to identify pests and estimate their numbers, providing the data needed to make threshold-based treatment decisions.
- Cultural control
- Practices such as crop rotation, sanitation, resistant varieties, and adjusted planting dates that reduce pest buildup and spread before chemical controls are considered.
- Gallons per acre formula
- GPA = (nozzle gallons per minute x 5940) / (miles per hour x nozzle spacing in inches); this constant converts units to find broadcast sprayer output.
- 1/128 acre method
- Calibration shortcut where 340 square feet is treated; with 20-inch nozzle spacing, output is collected while traveling 204 feet and ounces equal GPA.
- Acres per tank
- Tank capacity in gallons divided by the spray rate in gallons per acre gives the number of acres one tank will cover.
- Nozzle flow and pressure
- Nozzle output varies with the square root of pressure, so quadrupling pressure doubles flow; higher pressure also makes droplets smaller and drift more likely.
- Triple rinse
- Container cleaning procedure: drain, fill with water, agitate, and drain three times, adding each rinsate to the spray tank for use on labeled sites.