GACE Engineering and Technology Education (739) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Jackson's Mill Curriculum Theory

A 1983 symposium that redefined industrial arts as technology education, organizing content around communication, construction, manufacturing, and transportation and laying groundwork for technological literacy standards.

Standards for Technological Literacy

Twenty standards published by ITEA in 2000 and revised in 2007, describing what students should know and be able to do to be technologically literate.

Technological literacy

The ability to use, manage, assess, and understand technology, including knowledge of its nature, its relationships with society, design processes, and the designed world.

Georgia Professional Standards Commission

The state agency that issues and governs educator certification in Georgia, including the GACE-based content requirements for engineering and technology education teachers.

ITEEA

The International Technology and Engineering Educators Association, a professional organization that publishes standards, curriculum models such as Engineering byDesign, and practitioner journals.

Engineering byDesign

ITEEA's standards-based PreK through grade 12 curriculum framework that integrates science, mathematics, engineering, and technology through design-based learning units.

Technology education versus industrial arts

Technology education teaches technological literacy and design processes for all students, whereas industrial arts emphasized craft and tool skills, often for vocational preparation.

Duty of care

The legal obligation of a teacher to anticipate foreseeable hazards, provide adequate supervision, and maintain safe equipment, forming the basis of lab negligence claims.

Constraint versus criterion

A constraint is a limit on a design such as budget, time, or safety code; a criterion is a requirement or desired attribute used to judge how well a solution succeeds.

Weighted decision matrix

A tool that scores each design alternative against weighted criteria; the total for an alternative equals the sum of each score multiplied by its criterion weight.

Divergent and convergent thinking

Divergent thinking generates many varied ideas without judgment, while convergent thinking analyzes, narrows, and selects the best option from those ideas.

Proof-of-concept prototype

A rough model built to demonstrate that a design idea can function at all, before effort is invested in refinement or manufacturability.

Reverse engineering

Systematically disassembling and analyzing an existing product through visual, functional, and structural analysis to recover design intent and inform redesign.

Pareto-optimal design

A solution state in which no alternative can improve one criterion without worsening at least one other criterion, indicating an efficient trade-off frontier.

Design brief

A concise document stating the problem, target user, criteria, constraints, deliverables, and timeline that frames a design challenge for students or teams.

Iterative design

A cyclical approach in which testing and evaluation feed back into revised requirements and prototypes, repeating until criteria and constraints are satisfied.

Universal systems model

A framework describing any technological system as inputs processed into outputs, with feedback adjusting the process and a boundary separating it from its environment.

Seven technological resources

The standard categories of resources used by technological systems: people, information, materials, tools and machines, energy, capital, and time.

Open versus closed system

An open system exchanges inputs and outputs with its environment, while a closed system operates without such exchange across its defined boundary.

Life-cycle assessment

A cradle-to-grave evaluation of a product's environmental impacts across material extraction, manufacturing, distribution, use, and end-of-life disposal or recycling.

Technology transfer

The movement of a technology, technique, or knowledge from one setting, industry, or nation into another where it is newly applied.

Unintended consequences

Outcomes of a technology that were not anticipated by its designers, which may be beneficial or harmful and often emerge over the long term.

Mechanical advantage

The ratio of output force to input force produced by a machine; for an ideal machine it also equals the ratio of effort distance to load distance.

Ohm's law

The relationship stating that voltage equals current multiplied by resistance, expressed as V = IR, used to analyze series and parallel circuits.

Third-angle orthographic projection

The standard U.S. multiview drawing arrangement in which top, front, and right-side views are placed as if the object were projected onto a glass box.

Static equilibrium

The condition of a structure at rest in which the sum of all forces and the sum of all moments acting on it each equal zero.

Closed-loop control

A control system that compares sensor feedback to a desired setpoint and adjusts output to reduce the difference, unlike open-loop control.

Pascal's law

The principle that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid, the basis of hydraulic systems.

Backward design

A planning approach that first identifies desired results, then determines acceptable evidence, and finally designs learning experiences and instruction.

Formative versus summative assessment

Formative assessment is ongoing, low-stakes evidence used to adjust instruction; summative assessment is end-of-unit evaluation of achieved learning.

Analytic rubric

A scoring guide that evaluates a performance separately on multiple criteria, each with explicit descriptors of performance levels, producing detailed diagnostic feedback.

Universal Design for Learning

A framework offering multiple means of engagement, representation, and action or expression so that diverse learners can access curriculum and demonstrate learning.