COSHEM flashcards
COSHEM · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Reasonably practicable
- A legal test weighing the likelihood and severity of harm against the cost and difficulty of control; grossly disproportionate cost can justify not implementing a measure.
- Officer due diligence
- The statutory defence requiring an officer to show knowledge of the hazard, understanding of the operation, available resources and actual steps taken to manage risk.
- Prohibition notice
- A regulator-issued direction that stops an activity posing an immediate serious risk until specified remedial action is completed and verified.
- Harmonized Structure clauses
- The ten-clause framework used by ISO management system standards: context, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation and improvement, shared across ISO 45001, 9001 and 14001.
- Documented information
- ISO 45001 term covering both documents and records that must be created, controlled, protected, version-managed and retained to the extent the organisation determines necessary.
- Management review inputs
- Required ISO 45001 clause 9.3 inputs including incident trends, audit results, compliance evaluation, monitoring data, worker consultation and changes in external and internal issues.
- Hierarchy of control
- The ranked order of risk controls from elimination and substitution through engineering and administrative controls to personal protective equipment, which is least reliable.
- Bow-tie analysis
- A diagram placing a top event in the centre, threats and preventive barriers on the left, consequences and mitigative barriers on the right, used to test barrier independence.
- ALARP
- As low as reasonably practicable: risk must be reduced until further control is grossly disproportionate in cost to the benefit obtained.
- Residual risk
- The risk remaining after controls are applied; it must be recorded, accepted by an authorised person and re-assessed when conditions change.
- TWA exposure calculation
- Sum of concentration multiplied by time for each exposure period, divided by eight hours, giving the eight-hour time-weighted average for comparison with the exposure limit.
- Mixture exposure formula
- For substances with additive effects, sum each component concentration divided by its limit; a total exceeding one indicates the exposure limit is exceeded.
- Flash point
- The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapour to ignite momentarily when a flame is applied; lower values indicate greater fire hazard.
- Chain of infection
- Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, transmission mode, portal of entry and susceptible host; control breaks any one link in this sequence.
- LEX,8h noise calculation
- The equivalent continuous sound level normalised to eight hours, calculated as measured level plus ten times the logarithm of exposure hours divided by eight.
- Hand-arm vibration A(8)
- The eight-hour energy-equivalent vibration exposure, calculated as vibration magnitude multiplied by the square root of exposure time divided by eight.
- WBGT index
- A heat stress index combining dry-bulb, natural wet-bulb and black globe temperatures, compared against reference values that depend on metabolic rate and acclimatisation.
- Sievert
- The unit of equivalent radiation dose, equal to absorbed dose in gray multiplied by the radiation weighting factor that accounts for biological effectiveness.
- NIOSH lifting equation
- A formula producing a recommended weight limit from load constant and multipliers for horizontal, vertical, distance, asymmetry, frequency and coupling factors.
- REBA score
- A rapid whole-body postural assessment scoring action levels from negligible risk through investigate and change soon to immediate action required.
- Display screen equipment assessment
- A workstation evaluation covering seat and screen height, viewing distance, forearm and foot support, glare and adjustability for the individual user.
- Demand-control model
- Karasek's model in which high job demands combined with low decision control produce high strain, the highest psychosocial risk combination.
- Effort-reward imbalance
- A psychosocial model in which high effort combined with low reward in pay, esteem, security or career opportunity predicts stress-related illness.
- ISO 45003
- Guidance standard for managing psychological health and safety at work, covering hazard identification, assessment and control within an ISO 45001 system.
- Fatigue risk controls
- Measures addressing hours of work, shift design, time of day, task monotony and environment, including roster limits, breaks, napping policy and journey management.
- Root cause analysis
- Structured methods such as five whys, fishbone, fault tree and events and causal factors charting used to find system causes rather than blaming individuals.
- Notifiable incident
- A fatality, serious injury, dangerous occurrence or prescribed occupational disease that must be reported to the regulator within the statutory time limit.
- Emergency drill evaluation
- A structured debrief against pre-set objectives, recording performance, gaps and corrective actions that feed back into the emergency plan and training.
- Training needs analysis
- A three-level assessment at organisational, task and individual level that determines what training is required, for whom and to what standard.
- Kirkpatrick evaluation levels
- Four levels of training evaluation: reaction, learning, behaviour change on the job, and results such as incident rates and compliance.
- LTIFR
- Lost-time injury frequency rate, calculated as lost-time injuries multiplied by one million and divided by hours worked, normalising injury counts by exposure.
- Compliance evaluation
- The ISO 45001 clause 9.1.2 requirement to evaluate legal and other requirements at a defined frequency, using a defined method and retaining results.