GRE General Test flashcards
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- Variable
- A symbol representing a quantity whose permitted values must follow the stated domain and the units of the problem rather than an unstated assumption.
- Domain
- The allowed inputs or values for a mathematical statement, including any restrictions from the context, a denominator, an even root or a count.
- Equation
- A claim that two expressions have equal values, whose solutions must make the original relation true and satisfy the declared restrictions.
- Inequality
- A comparison describing values above or below a boundary, with inclusion or exclusion of the boundary indicated by the relation used.
- Function
- A rule or relation assigning each permitted input exactly one output, distinguished from a general relation that may assign multiple outputs to one input.
- Slope
- The change in the vertical variable divided by the change in the horizontal variable between appropriate points on a nonvertical line.
- Intercept
- A point where a graph meets a specified coordinate axis, whose interpretation depends on the variable definitions and whether that point belongs to the model domain.
- Factor
- A multiplicative component of an expression or integer, distinguished from a term separated by addition when deciding whether cancellation is valid.
- Equivalent expressions
- Expressions that represent the same value on the relevant common domain, with any original exclusions preserved when a simplification changes the displayed form.
- Ratio
- A comparison by division between quantities, interpreted with the quantities in the stated order and with compatible units when required.
- Percent change
- A relative increase or decrease calculated by dividing the difference by the specified baseline, then expressing that fraction per hundred.
- Percentage point
- A unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages, distinct from the relative percent change obtained by dividing by a baseline.
- Mean
- The sum of a finite collection of numerical observations divided by its count, not an unweighted average of group means with unequal sizes.
- Median
- The central ordered observation, or the average of the two central ordered observations for an even count, in the conventional numerical definition.
- Range
- The difference between the largest and smallest observations in a data set, describing one aspect of spread without specifying its full distribution.
- Weighted average
- An average in which contributions depend on specified weights, with the total weighted contribution divided by the sum of the weights.
- Constraint
- An explicit condition limiting the allowed values or combinations in a model, which must be checked alongside any solved equation or proposed answer.
- Counterexample
- A permitted case contradicting a universal claim, sufficient to refute that claim even if several other examples appeared to support it.
- Sufficiency
- The property of given information determining the answer to the exact question throughout the permitted domain, rather than merely allowing one successful example.
- Consistency
- The ability of a proposed rule or interpretation to fit all supplied conditions without contradiction, which alone does not always establish uniqueness.
- Premise
- A stated reason or piece of evidence used to support an argument, distinguished from the conclusion that the argument asks the reader to accept.
- Conclusion
- The claim an argument attempts to establish from its premises, whose strength and scope should be compared with the evidence actually supplied.
- Assumption
- An unstated condition required by a proposed argument or model, which should not be treated as an established fact without support.
- Inference
- A conclusion drawn from supplied information, justified by the available relationships and their limits rather than by unrelated background knowledge or speculative steps.