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HABE B1 (Basque) study materials
HABE B1 (Basque) study resources

HABE B1 (Basque) practice questions

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Question 1Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurketa. Testua: «Gaur goizean goiz jaiki naiz. Lehenengo kafea hartu dut, gero dutxatu naiz eta gero gosaria egin dut. Ogiarekin gurina eta marmelada jarri ditut.» (Reading. Text: "This morning I got up early. First I had coffee, then I showered and then I had breakfast. I put butter and jam on the bread.") Zer jan du gosarian? (What did the speaker eat for breakfast?)

  1. Ogia gurinarekin eta marmeladarekin (Bread with butter and jam) Correct answer.
  2. Kafea eta ogia (Coffee and bread)
  3. Ogia gazta eta urdaiazpikoarekin (Bread with cheese and ham)
  4. Fruta eta jogurta (Fruit and yoghurt)

Explanation

The text explicitly states 'Ogiarekin gurina eta marmelada jarri ditut' (I put butter and jam on the bread). The question tests specific detail retrieval at B1 reading level.

Question 2Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurketa. Testua: «Jon atletismoan oso ona da. Astean hirutan entrenatzen da eta maratoietan parte hartzen du. Iaz Donostiako maratoia lehen amaitu zuen.» (Reading. Text: "Jon is very good at athletics. He trains three times a week and takes part in marathons. Last year he finished the San Sebastian marathon first.") Zenbat aldiz entrenatzen da Jon astean? (How many times a week does Jon train?)

  1. Astean bitan (Twice a week)
  2. Astean hirutan (Three times a week) Correct answer.
  3. Astean lauetan (Four times a week)
  4. Egunero (Every day)

Explanation

The text states 'Astean hirutan entrenatzen da' (He trains three times a week). This is a straightforward detail-retrieval task with number comprehension at B1.

Question 3Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurketa. Testua: «Ane eta Mikel kafe bat hartzen ari dira. Anek esan du: 'Bihar goizean ezin izango naiz etorri lanera; medikuarengana joan behar dut.' Mikelek erantzun du: 'Ez kezkatu, neuk esango diot buruari.'» (Reading. Text: "Ane and Mikel are having a coffee. Ane said: 'Tomorrow morning I won't be able to come to work; I have to go to the doctor.' Mikel replied: 'Don't worry, I'll tell the boss myself.'") Zer egingo du Mikelek? (What will Mikel do?)

  1. Medikuarengana joango da (He will go to the doctor)
  2. Buruari Aneren berri emango dio (He will tell the boss about Ane) Correct answer.
  3. Berandu etorriko da lanera (He will come to work late)
  4. Ane lagunduko du medikuarengana (He will accompany Ane to the doctor)

Explanation

Mikel says 'neuk esango diot buruari' (I myself will tell the boss), meaning he will inform the boss on Ane's behalf. At B1, reading short dialogues and identifying what a character intends to do is a core task.

Question 4Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Bihar goizean bilerarako joango naiz. Bilera hamarretan hasiko da eta bi orduz iraungo du. Ondoren bazkaltzera joango gara lankideekin.» (Listening. Transcript: "Tomorrow morning I will go to a meeting. The meeting will start at ten and will last two hours. Afterwards we will go to lunch with colleagues.") Noiz amaitzen da bilera? (When does the meeting end?)

  1. Hamaiketan (At eleven)
  2. Hamabitan (At twelve) Correct answer.
  3. Ordu baitan (At one)
  4. Lauretan (At four)

Explanation

The meeting starts at ten (hamarretan) and lasts two hours (bi orduz), so it ends at twelve (hamabitan). This requires simple arithmetic applied to listening comprehension, a typical B1 skill.

Question 5Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Arretaz entzun. Kontuz! Hiri-treneko K2 linea bertan behera geratu da gaur, eta ordez autobusa dago Loiola eta Amara bitarteko ibilbidean.» (Listening. Transcript: "Listen carefully. Attention! The K2 urban train line has been suspended today, and instead there is a bus service on the Loiola–Amara route.") Zer gertatu da? (What has happened?)

  1. Autobus linea bertan behera geratu da (A bus line has been cancelled)
  2. Treneko linea aldatu dute (They have changed the train line)
  3. K2 linea bertan behera geratu da eta autobusa dago ordez (The K2 line has been cancelled and there is a replacement bus) Correct answer.
  4. Loiola eta Amara arteko trena geldirik dago baina autobusik gabe (The train between Loiola and Amara is stopped but without a bus)

Explanation

The announcement states the K2 urban train line is suspended ('bertan behera geratu da') and there is a replacement bus ('ordez autobusa dago') on the Loiola–Amara route. The correct answer captures both facts.

Question 6Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Kaixo, Amaia naiz. Astelehenerako hitzordua aldatu nahi nuke. Ez nago libre goizean, baina arratsaldean libre nago. Posible da ordua aldatzea?» (Listening. Transcript: "Hello, I'm Amaia. I'd like to change my Monday appointment. I'm not free in the morning, but I'm free in the afternoon. Is it possible to change the time?") Zertarako deitu du Amaiak? (Why did Amaia call?)

  1. Hitzordua ezabatzeko (To cancel the appointment)
  2. Hitzordua berresteko (To confirm the appointment)
  3. Hitzordua aldatzeko (To change the appointment) Correct answer.
  4. Hitzordua egiteko lehenengo aldiz (To make an appointment for the first time)

Explanation

Amaia explicitly says 'hitzordua aldatu nahi nuke' (I would like to change my appointment). She has an existing appointment and wants to move it to the afternoon.

Question 7Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Irratiaren aurreikuspen meteorologikoa: Gaur eguraldia aldakorra izango da. Goizean eguzkia izango dugu, baina arratsaldean hodei asko etorriko dira eta euriak egin dezake gauean.» (Listening. Transcript: "Radio weather forecast: Today the weather will be changeable. In the morning we will have sunshine, but in the afternoon many clouds will come and it may rain at night.") Noiz egin dezake euriak? (When might it rain?)

  1. Goizean (In the morning)
  2. Eguerdi aldera (Around midday)
  3. Arratsaldean (In the afternoon)
  4. Gauean (At night) Correct answer.

Explanation

The forecast says 'euriak egin dezake gauean' (it may rain at night). Although clouds arrive in the afternoon, rain is predicted for the night.

Question 8Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Kezkatuta nago' (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning: 'Kezkatuta nago')

  1. Pozik nago (I am happy)
  2. Aspertuta nago (I am bored)
  3. Arduratuta / larrituta nago (I am worried) Correct answer.
  4. Nekatuta nago (I am tired)

Explanation

'Kezkatuta' is the participial form of 'kezkatu' (to worry/concern), so 'kezkatuta nago' means 'I am worried'. This is a common B1 emotional vocabulary item.

Question 9Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu sinonimoa: 'Hasi' hitzaren sinonimoa zein da? (Vocabulary. Choose the synonym: What is a synonym of 'hasi'?)

  1. Bukatu (to finish)
  2. Jarraitu (to continue)
  3. Abiatu / ekiN (to start / to begin) Correct answer.
  4. Gelditu (to stop)

Explanation

'Hasi' means 'to begin/start'. Its synonyms at B1 include 'abiatu' and 'ekin' (to begin, to undertake). Understanding synonyms is tested in HABE B1 vocabulary tasks.

Question 10Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu itzulpen zuzena: 'Ardura' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the correct translation: The meaning of 'ardura':)

  1. Responsibility / concern / care Correct answer.
  2. Freedom / liberty
  3. Pleasure / enjoyment
  4. Noise / disturbance

Explanation

'Ardura' means responsibility, concern, or care. It appears in common B1 expressions such as 'ardura du' (he/she is in charge of / cares about) and 'arduratuta' (worried, concerned).

Question 11Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Harremanetan jarri' esapridearen esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of the expression 'harremanetan jarri':)

  1. To get in touch / to contact Correct answer.
  2. To make friends
  3. To start a relationship
  4. To go to a meeting

Explanation

'Harremanetan jarri' is a very common B1 phrase meaning 'to get in touch / to contact someone'. It frequently appears in notices and formal texts: 'Jarri gurekin harremanetan' = 'Contact us'.

Question 12Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren esanahia: 'Osasuna' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'osasuna':)

  1. Health Correct answer.
  2. Happiness
  3. Wealth
  4. Luck

Explanation

'Osasuna' means health in Basque. It is also the name of a famous football club from Pamplona. The word appears frequently in B1 texts on daily life, public services and wellbeing.

Question 13Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurketa. Testua: «Herrian azoka bat dago igandero. Baserritarrek fruta, barazki eta gazta saltzen dute bertan. Jendeak gustura etortzen da bertako produktuak erostera eta elkar ikusteko.» (Reading. Text: "There is a market in the village every Sunday. Farmers sell fruit, vegetables and cheese there. People enjoy coming to buy local produce and to see each other.") Zer saltzen da azokan? (What is sold at the market?)

  1. Arropa eta oinetakoak (Clothes and shoes)
  2. Fruta, barazkiak eta gazta (Fruit, vegetables and cheese) Correct answer.
  3. Ogia eta gozokiak soilik (Only bread and sweets)
  4. Arrain freskoa (Fresh fish)

Explanation

The text explicitly lists 'fruta, barazki eta gazta' (fruit, vegetables and cheese) as what farmers sell. This is a direct detail retrieval question.

Question 14Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurketa. Testua: «Gaur egun, teknologiaren aurrerapenek lan egiteko modua aldatu dute. Etxetik lan egitea posible da orain, eta hori aukera ona da zenbaitentzat, baina beste batzuek bulegoko giroa nahiago dute.» (Reading. Text: "Nowadays, technological advances have changed the way people work. Working from home is now possible, and this is a good option for some people, but others prefer the office environment.") Zein da testuaren gaia? (What is the subject of the text?)

  1. Teknologiaren arriskuak (The risks of technology)
  2. Lan egiteko modu berriak (New ways of working) Correct answer.
  3. Bulegoko langileen arazoak (Problems of office workers)
  4. Etxebizitzen prezioak (Housing prices)

Explanation

The text discusses how technology has changed the way people work and compares remote work with office work. The main topic is new ways of working, making option 1 the best summary.

Question 15Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurketa. Testua: «Udaberrian, lore ugari agertzen dira mendietan. Mendizaleak igo ohi dira, eta bidean flora aberatsa ikusten dute. Batzuek argazkiak ateratzen dituzte eta sare sozialetan argitaratzen dituzte.» (Reading. Text: "In spring, many flowers appear in the mountains. Hikers usually go up, and they see the rich flora along the way. Some take photos and post them on social media.") Nor joaten da mendira testuaren arabera? (According to the text, who goes to the mountains?)

  1. Nekazariak (Farmers)
  2. Mendizaleak (Hikers / mountain walkers) Correct answer.
  3. Argazkilariak soilik (Only photographers)
  4. Turistak (Tourists)

Explanation

The text explicitly names 'mendizaleak' (hikers/mountain walkers) as the people who go up the mountains. Some of them also take photos but that is a secondary detail.

Question 16Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren antonimoa: 'Garestia' hitzaren antonimoa: (Vocabulary. Choose the antonym of 'garestia' [expensive]:)

  1. Merkea (cheap / inexpensive) Correct answer.
  2. Handia (big)
  3. Txikia (small)
  4. Polita (pretty)

Explanation

'Garestia' (expensive) and 'merkea' (cheap/inexpensive) are direct antonyms. This is a core B1 vocabulary pair for shopping, comparisons and daily transactions.

Question 17Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Ohitura' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'ohitura':)

  1. Habit / custom / tradition Correct answer.
  2. Surprise / novelty
  3. Problem / difficulty
  4. Permission / authorisation

Explanation

'Ohitura' means habit, custom, or tradition. Common phrases: 'ohitura txarra' (bad habit), 'ohitura zaharra' (old custom), 'ohitura on bat' (a good habit). It is a high-frequency B1 noun.

Question 18Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Etorkizuna' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'etorkizuna':)

  1. Past / history
  2. Present / current moment
  3. Future Correct answer.
  4. Memory / recollection

Explanation

'Etorkizuna' means the future. It derives from 'etorri' (to come) + '-kizun' (prospective nominal suffix), literally 'that which is to come'. Common in B1 discourse on plans and expectations.

Question 19Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren esanahia: 'Indartu' aditzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of the verb 'indartu':)

  1. To strengthen / to reinforce Correct answer.
  2. To weaken / to reduce
  3. To remove / to eliminate
  4. To delay / to postpone

Explanation

'Indartu' means to strengthen or reinforce. It derives from 'indarra' (force/strength). Common in B1 texts on sport, policy, and society: 'hizkuntza indartu' (to strengthen the language).

Question 20Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Aisialdi' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'aisialdi':)

  1. Leisure time / free time Correct answer.
  2. Working time / shift
  3. Study time
  4. Sleeping time

Explanation

'Aisialdi' means leisure time or free time. It appears frequently in B1 texts on daily life, habits, and quality of life. Common collocation: 'aisialdi jarduera' (leisure activity).

Question 21Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Eskubidea' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'eskubidea':)

  1. Responsibility / duty
  2. Right (legal or civic right) Correct answer.
  3. Punishment / sanction
  4. Opportunity / chance

Explanation

'Eskubidea' means a right (as in a legal or civic right). Common B1 phrases: 'eskubidea du' (has the right to), 'oinarrizko eskubideak' (basic rights), 'lan-eskubideak' (labour rights).

Question 22Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren esanahia: 'Albistea' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'albistea':)

  1. News / piece of news Correct answer.
  2. Opinion / view
  3. Advertisement / announcement
  4. Report / study

Explanation

'Albistea' means a piece of news or news item. 'Albisteak' (plural) means 'the news'. Common: 'azken albisteak' (latest news), 'albiste txarra' (bad news). Fundamental B1 media vocabulary.

Question 23Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Iritzia eman' esapridearen esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'iritzia eman':)

  1. To give an opinion / to express a view Correct answer.
  2. To receive information
  3. To make a decision
  4. To change one's mind

Explanation

'Iritzia eman' literally means 'to give an opinion'. It is the standard B1 phrase for expressing a view or opinion. Common in discussion tasks: 'Zein da zure iritzia?' (What is your opinion?).

Question 24Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Lagundu' aditzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of the verb 'lagundu':)

  1. To help / to assist / to accompany Correct answer.
  2. To criticise / to judge
  3. To compete / to rival
  4. To avoid / to escape

Explanation

'Lagundu' means to help, to assist, or to accompany. It is a high-frequency B1 verb. Example: 'Lagun iezadazu' (Help me!), 'Nork lagunduko dizu?' (Who will help you?). With dative it means 'to accompany': 'Lagunduko dizut' = 'I'll help/accompany you'.

Question 25Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Tarteka' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'tarteka':)

  1. Always / constantly
  2. Never
  3. Sometimes / occasionally / from time to time Correct answer.
  4. Immediately / right away

Explanation

'Tarteka' means sometimes, occasionally, or from time to time. It is a frequency adverb used in B1 texts to describe irregular or infrequent actions. Contrasts: 'beti' (always), 'inoiz ez' (never), 'sarritan' (often).

Question 26Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren esanahia: 'Azaldu' aditzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of the verb 'azaldu':)

  1. To explain / to describe / to appear Correct answer.
  2. To hide / to conceal
  3. To lose / to misplace
  4. To buy / to acquire

Explanation

'Azaldu' is a polysemous B1 verb meaning (1) to explain/describe (zerbait azaldu = to explain something) and (2) to appear/turn up (non azaldu zara? = where did you appear from?). Both meanings are tested at B1.

Question 27Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu esanahia: 'Adibidez' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'adibidez':)

  1. However / on the other hand
  2. Therefore / consequently
  3. For example Correct answer.
  4. In addition / furthermore

Explanation

'Adibidez' is the Basque discourse marker meaning 'for example'. It is used to introduce examples and appears frequently in B1 reading and writing tasks. Synonym: 'esaterako'.

Question 28Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren esanahia: 'Baliabidea' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'baliabidea':)

  1. Resource / means / tool Correct answer.
  2. Problem / obstacle
  3. Goal / objective
  4. Result / outcome

Explanation

'Baliabidea' means a resource, means, or tool. Common in B1 environmental, economic and educational texts: 'baliabide natural' (natural resource), 'baliabide pedagogiko' (educational resource).

Question 29Basque contextual vocabulary and language review

Hiztegia. Aukeratu hitzaren esanahia: 'Heziketa' hitzaren esanahia: (Vocabulary. Choose the meaning of 'heziketa':)

  1. Education / upbringing / training Correct answer.
  2. Health / wellness
  3. Transport / mobility
  4. Justice / law

Explanation

'Heziketa' means education, upbringing, or training. Related: 'hezkuntza' (education system), 'hezitzaile' (educator). 'Heziketa fisikoa' = physical education. A core B1 noun in school and social texts.

Question 30Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Azken albisteak: Eusko Jaurlaritzak adierazi du datorren ikasturtetik aurrera eskola publikoetan euskararen irakaskuntza orduak % 10 handituko direla.» (Listening. Transcript: "Latest news: The Basque Government has announced that from the next school year Basque language teaching hours in public schools will increase by 10%.") Noiz gertatuko da aldaketa? (When will the change happen?)

  1. Ikasturte honetan bertan (This very school year)
  2. Datorren ikasturtetik aurrera (From next school year onwards) Correct answer.
  3. Hurrengo bi urteetan (Over the next two years)
  4. Dagoeneko gertatu da (It has already happened)

Explanation

The announcement specifies 'datorren ikasturtetik aurrera' (from next school year onwards). This tests comprehension of future temporal expressions.

Question 31Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Kaixo, Oihane naiz. Gure ikasgelako klaseak aldatu egin dira. Asteleheneko klase teorikoa ostegunera aldatu da. Eta ostegunekoaren ordez, larunbatean egingo dugu. Jakinarazten dizuet.» (Listening. Transcript: "Hello, I'm Oihane. Our class schedule has changed. The Monday theory class has been moved to Thursday. And instead of the Thursday one, we'll do it on Saturday. Just letting you know.") Noizko da orain klase teorikoa? (When is the theory class now?)

  1. Astelehenean (On Monday)
  2. Asteartean (On Tuesday)
  3. Ostegunean (On Thursday) Correct answer.
  4. Larunbatean (On Saturday)

Explanation

Oihane says the Monday theory class has been moved to Thursday: 'Asteleheneko klase teorikoa ostegunera aldatu da'. The theory class is now on Thursday.

Question 32Basque written listening scripts and interaction

Entzumena. Transkripzioa: «Elkarrizketa: - Zure familia non bizi da? - Ama Bilbon bizi da eta aita Gasteizen. Anaia etxetik independizatu zen iaz eta orain Iruñean bizi da. Ni bakarrik bizi naiz Donostian.» (Listening. Transcript: "Dialogue: - Where does your family live? - My mum lives in Bilbao and my dad in Vitoria. My brother became independent from home last year and now lives in Pamplona. I live alone in San Sebastian.") Non bizi da anaia? (Where does the brother live?)

  1. Bilbon (In Bilbao)
  2. Gasteizen (In Vitoria)
  3. Iruñean (In Pamplona) Correct answer.
  4. Donostian (In San Sebastian)

Explanation

The speaker says 'orain Iruñean bizi da' (now he lives in Pamplona) about the brother. Iruñea is the Basque name for Pamplona.

Question 33Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testuan irakurri: "Elikadura osasungarria izateko, garrantzitsua da fruta eta barazkiak egunero jatea, koipe gehiegizkoak saihestea eta ura asko edatea." Zer ez da aipatzen testuan? (Read in the text: "For a healthy diet, it is important to eat fruit and vegetables daily, avoid excess fats and drink plenty of water." What is NOT mentioned in the text?)

  1. Fruta eta barazkiak jatea (Eating fruit and vegetables)
  2. Ura edatea (Drinking water)
  3. Ariketa fisikoa egitea (Doing physical exercise) Correct answer.
  4. Koipeak saihestea (Avoiding fats)

Explanation

The passage mentions fruit and vegetables, avoiding excess fats, and drinking water. Physical exercise (ariketa fisikoa) is never mentioned in the text, making it the correct answer to what is NOT included.

Question 34Basque reading and justified interpretation

"Lana aurkitzeko zailtasunak gora egin du azken urteotan, batez ere gazteak kaltetuta daudelarik." Zer esan nahi du 'batez ere' hitzak testuinguru honetan? ("The difficulty of finding work has increased in recent years, especially young people being affected." What does 'batez ere' mean in this context?)

  1. Beraz (Therefore)
  2. Gainera (Furthermore)
  3. Nagusiki / bereziki (Especially / in particular) Correct answer.
  4. Hala ere (Nevertheless)

Explanation

'Batez ere' is a Basque discourse marker meaning 'especially' or 'in particular', used to single out a group or fact for emphasis. Here it specifies that young people are the most affected subgroup.

Question 35Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurri eta erantzun: "Ingurumenaren babesa guztion erantzukizuna da. Gobernuek legeak ezarri behar dituzte, baina hiritar bakoitzak ere bere ekarpena egin dezake eguneroko ohituretan aldaketak eginez." Zein da testuaren argudio nagusia? (Read and answer: "Environmental protection is everyone's responsibility. Governments must enact laws, but each citizen can also contribute by making changes in daily habits." What is the text's main argument?)

  1. Gobernuek bakarrik egin dezakete zerbait ingurumenarentzat (Only governments can do something for the environment)
  2. Ingurumena babestea banakoen eta erakundeen ardura partekatua da (Protecting the environment is a shared responsibility of individuals and institutions) Correct answer.
  3. Eguneroko ohiturak ez dira garrantzitsuak ingurumenarentzat (Daily habits are not important for the environment)
  4. Legeak ez dira nahikoak ingurumena babesteko (Laws are not sufficient to protect the environment)

Explanation

The text explicitly states that protection is 'everyone's responsibility', then splits this between governments (enacting laws) and individual citizens (daily habits). The main argument is shared responsibility between institutions and individuals.

Question 36Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testu honetan: "Teknologiaren aurrerakuntza azkarrak lan-mundua eraldatu du. Lanbide berriak sortu dira, baina beste batzuk desagertu egin dira, eta lan-merkatuak etengabeko egokitzea eskatzen du." Zer adierazten du 'etengabeko' hitzak? (In this text: "The rapid advance of technology has transformed the world of work. New professions have emerged, but others have disappeared, and the labour market demands continuous adaptation." What does 'etengabeko' mean?)

  1. Azkarrekoa (Fast)
  2. Noizbehinekoa (Occasional)
  3. Behin betikoa (Permanent / once and for all)
  4. Eten gabe gertatzen dena (Continuous / without interruption) Correct answer.

Explanation

'Etengabeko' is composed of 'eten' (to stop/interrupt) + 'gabe' (without) + '-ko' (adjective suffix), literally 'without stopping'. It means continuous or unceasing. The labour market demands constant, uninterrupted adaptation.

Question 37Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testua irakurri: "Ikerlariek aurkitu dutenez, lo gutxi egiteak arreta-arazoak eta osasunerako ondorio kaltegarriak ekar ditzake. Hori dela eta, osasun-adituek lo egiteko gutxienez zortzi ordu gomendatzen dituzte." Zergatik gomendatzen dituzte zortzi ordu? (Read the text: "According to researchers, sleeping little can cause attention problems and harmful health consequences. For this reason, health experts recommend at least eight hours of sleep." Why do they recommend eight hours?)

  1. Lo gehiagok ekoizkortasuna handitzen duelako (Because more sleep increases productivity)
  2. Lo gutxi egiteak osasunerako kaltegarriak diren ondorioak dituelako (Because sleeping little has harmful health consequences) Correct answer.
  3. Zortzi ordu lo egiteak arreta hobetzen duelako azterketetan (Because eight hours of sleep improves attention in exams)
  4. Ikerlariek hori bakarrik ikertu dutelako (Because researchers have only studied that)

Explanation

The text explicitly states the causal chain: sleeping little causes attention problems and harmful health consequences, and therefore (hori dela eta) experts recommend eight hours. The recommendation is a direct response to identified harms.

Question 38Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurri: "Euskarak historian zehar eraldaketak jasan ditu, baina hizkuntzaren mamia bere horretan mantendu da. Gaur egun, milioika pertsonek euskara ikasten dute munduan zehar, bai Euskal Herrian eta baita atzerrian ere." Zein ondorio atera daiteke? (Read: "Basque has undergone transformations throughout history, but the core of the language has been maintained. Today, millions of people learn Basque around the world, both in the Basque Country and abroad." What conclusion can be drawn?)

  1. Euskarak ez du aldaketarik jasan historian (Basque has not undergone any changes in history)
  2. Euskara desagertzeko zorian dago (Basque is on the verge of disappearing)
  3. Euskara bizirik dago eta interesa dago mundu mailan (Basque is alive and there is worldwide interest in it) Correct answer.
  4. Atzerrian euskara baino ez da ikasten (Basque is only learned abroad)

Explanation

The text states the language has survived historical changes and that millions learn it globally both in the Basque Country and abroad. The logical conclusion is that Basque is a living language with active global interest.

Question 39Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testuan agertzen den "hori dela eta" lokailuak zer funtzio du? (What function does the connector "hori dela eta" serve in a text?)

  1. Kontrakotasuna adierazten du (It expresses contrast)
  2. Kausa-ondorioa adierazten du (It expresses cause and effect) Correct answer.
  3. Denbora-sekuentzia adierazten du (It expresses time sequence)
  4. Baldintza adierazten du (It expresses condition)

Explanation

'Hori dela eta' is a causal-consecutive connector equivalent to 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It introduces a consequence or result based on information previously stated, making it a cause-effect marker.

Question 40Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurri: "Klima-aldaketak eragina du elikagaien ekoizpenean. Lehorteek eta uholdeak txandaka etortzen dira, laborantza ahultzea eragiten dute eta elikagai-prezioak igotzen dituzte." Testuan, 'labore-ahultzea' zer da? (Read: "Climate change affects food production. Droughts and floods come alternately, causing weakening of crops and raising food prices." In the text, what is 'laborantza ahultzea'?)

  1. Elikagai-prezioen jaitsiera (A fall in food prices)
  2. Nekazaritzaren indartzea (Strengthening of agriculture)
  3. Uzten galera edo degradazioa (Loss or degradation of harvests/crops) Correct answer.
  4. Lehorteak eta uholdeak (Droughts and floods)

Explanation

'Laborantza ahultzea' means the weakening of crops/farming. 'Labore/laborantza' refers to crops or farming, and 'ahultzea' is the verbal noun of 'ahuldu' (to weaken). In context, it describes the negative impact on agricultural yields.

Question 41Basque reading and justified interpretation

Pasarte honetan: "Gure herriko tradizioak ondare kulturalaren parte dira, eta belaunaldiz belaunaldi transmititzen dira. Tradizioak aldatu egiten diren arren, beraien funtsezko balioak iristen dira gaur egunera." Zein ideia agertzen da? (In this passage: "The traditions of our community are part of the cultural heritage and are transmitted from generation to generation. Although traditions change, their core values reach the present day." Which idea is expressed?)

  1. Tradizioak ez dira behin ere aldatzen (Traditions never change at all)
  2. Tradizioen balio nagusiak denborak irauten du, nahiz eta forma aldatu (The main values of traditions endure over time even if the form changes) Correct answer.
  3. Tradizioak ez dira baliogarriak gaur egunean (Traditions are not valuable today)
  4. Belaunaldi bakoitzak bere tradizioak sortzen ditu (Each generation creates its own traditions)

Explanation

The concessive clause 'aldatu egiten diren arren' (although they change) combined with 'funtsezko balioak iristen dira gaur egunera' (core values reach today) expresses that while the form of traditions evolves, their essential values persist through time.

Question 42Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testu luze bat irakurtzen ari zara. "Ekonomia globalak herrialdeen arteko harreman estuak sustatzen ditu, merkataritza eta inbertsio-fluxuak areagotuz. Hala ere, desberdintasunak ere handitu egin dira herrialdeen artean." Zein hitz da 'hala ere'-ren sinonimoa? (You are reading a long text. "The global economy promotes close ties between countries, increasing trade and investment flows. However, inequalities have also grown between countries." Which word is a synonym for 'hala ere'?)

  1. Beraz (Therefore)
  2. Dena den / hala eta guztiz ere (Nevertheless / despite everything) Correct answer.
  3. Eta gainera (And furthermore)
  4. Ondorioz (Consequently)

Explanation

'Hala ere' is a concessive connector meaning 'however' or 'nevertheless'. Its closest synonyms in Basque are 'dena den' and 'hala eta guztiz ere', all of which introduce a contrasting or unexpected point after a preceding statement.

Question 43Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurri: "Zientzialari askok ohartarazi dute plastikozko kutsadura itsasoetan gero eta larriagoa dela. Mikro-plastikoak kate elikadurara sartzen dira eta gizakien osasunerako mehatxu bat dira." Testuan, zertarako erabiltzen da 'ohartarazi'? (Read: "Many scientists have warned that plastic pollution in the oceans is increasingly serious. Micro-plastics enter the food chain and are a threat to human health." In the text, what is 'ohartarazi' used for?)

  1. Informazioa eskatzeko (To request information)
  2. Arriskuaren berri emateko edo abisatzeko (To give notice of a risk or to warn) Correct answer.
  3. Ikerketa baten emaitzak argudiatzeko (To argue the results of a research)
  4. Konponbide bat proposatzeko (To propose a solution)

Explanation

'Ohartarazi' is the causative of 'ohartu' (to notice/realise), meaning to warn or alert someone. Scientists are warning (alerting) about the growing seriousness of plastic pollution, which is a warning function.

Question 44Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurri pasartea: "Ekonomiaren globalizazioak herrialdeek elkarren menpekotasuna handitu du. Enpresek kanpoan inbertitzen dute eta lana mugitzen da herrialde aberatsetatik pobreetara." Zein da pasartearen gai nagusia? (Read the passage: "The globalisation of the economy has increased interdependence between countries. Companies invest abroad and work moves from rich to poor countries." What is the main topic of the passage?)

  1. Enpresek nola funtzionatzen duten (How companies function)
  2. Globalizazioaren ondorioak herrialdeen arteko harremanetan (The effects of globalisation on relations between countries) Correct answer.
  3. Herrialde pobreak nola aberasten diren (How poor countries become rich)
  4. Inbertsioek zerga-politikan duten eragina (The impact of investments on tax policy)

Explanation

The passage discusses two consequences of economic globalisation: increased interdependence and the movement of investment and labour between rich and poor countries. The unifying topic is globalisation's effects on inter-country relations.

Question 45Basque reading and justified interpretation

Pasartea irakurri: "Arte garaikidea askok ez du ulertzen, baina museoek gero eta bisitari gehiago jasotzen dituzte. Arte-lanen interpretazioak irekia izaten jarraitzen du, eta horrek eztabaida pizten du." Zein ondorio islatzen du pasarteak? (Read the passage: "Many do not understand contemporary art, but museums are attracting more and more visitors. The interpretation of artworks remains open, and this sparks debate." What conclusion does the passage reflect?)

  1. Arte garaikidea guztiek ulertzen dute (Everyone understands contemporary art)
  2. Arte garaikidea gutxiengo batentzat soilik da (Contemporary art is only for a minority)
  3. Ulertu ez arren, arte garaikidea erakarpen handia du (Although not understood, contemporary art has great attraction) Correct answer.
  4. Arte-eztabaidak museoetara bisitariak eragozten ditu (Art debates prevent visitors from going to museums)

Explanation

The passage presents a paradox: many don't understand contemporary art, yet museums get more visitors. This combination supports the conclusion that art attracts people even when not fully understood - its open interpretation and debate are part of the appeal.

Question 46Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testu honetan: "Osasun-sistemaren iraunkortasuna bermatzeko, ezinbestekoa da inbertsio egokiak egitea eta prebentzioa lehentasuntzat hartzea." Zein ideia nagusitzen da? (In this text: "To ensure the sustainability of the health system, it is essential to make appropriate investments and prioritise prevention." Which idea is emphasised?)

  1. Osasun-sistemak ez du iraungo (The health system will not last)
  2. Prebentzioa eta inbertsioa osasun-sistemaren iraunkortasunaren giltzak dira (Prevention and investment are keys to health system sustainability) Correct answer.
  3. Inbertsioak ez dira garrantzitsuak osasunean (Investments are not important in health)
  4. Prebentzioak osasun-kostuak igotzen ditu (Prevention raises health costs)

Explanation

The sentence uses 'ezinbestekoa' (essential/indispensable) to assert that appropriate investments AND prioritising prevention are the two necessary conditions for health system sustainability. These are the central prescriptions of the text.

Question 47Basque reading and justified interpretation

Pasartean: "Hezkuntza publikoak aukera-berdintasuna bermatu behar du, desberdintasun ekonomikoak alde batera utzita." Zer adierazten du 'alde batera utzita'? (In the passage: "Public education must guarantee equal opportunity, setting aside economic inequalities." What does 'alde batera utzita' express?)

  1. Lehentasuna ematea (Giving priority)
  2. Kontuan hartzea (Taking into account)
  3. Baztertzea edo kontuan ez hartzea (Setting aside / disregarding) Correct answer.
  4. Handiagoa egitea (Making bigger)

Explanation

'Alde batera utzi' is a Basque idiom meaning 'to set aside', 'to put to one side', or 'to disregard'. In this context, public education should guarantee equal opportunity regardless of (setting aside) economic inequalities - the inequalities should not be a factor.

Question 48Basque reading and justified interpretation

Testu honetako denborazko lokailu egokiena zein da? "Proiektua 2024an hasi zen. _____, taldeak zailtasun handiak gainditu behar izan zituen, baina azkenean arrakasta lortu zuten." (Which temporal connector is most appropriate in this text? "The project started in 2024. _____, the team had to overcome great difficulties, but eventually they succeeded.")

  1. Beraz (Therefore)
  2. Bidean / hasieratik (Along the way / from the start) Correct answer.
  3. Horrela ere (Even so)
  4. Hasieratik bertatik, prozesu osoan zehar (From the very start, throughout the whole process)

Explanation

'Bidean' (along the way/in the process) naturally connects the project's starting point with the difficulties encountered during its progression toward the eventual success. It fills the temporal gap between start and outcome.

Question 49Basque reading and justified interpretation

Irakurri: "Euskal kulturak aberastasun handia du musikan, dantzan eta literatura alorrean. Bertsolaria, esate baterako, ahoz aho transmititu den tradizioa da, eta gaur egun bizirik dirau." Zer da 'bertsolaria'? (Read: "Basque culture has great richness in music, dance and literature. The bertsolari, for example, is a tradition transmitted orally, and it lives on today." What is a 'bertsolaria'?)

  1. Liburu-idazlea (Book writer)
  2. Ahoz bertso sortu eta kantatzen duen pertsona (A person who improvises and sings verses orally) Correct answer.
  3. Musika-tresna jotzailea (A musical instrument player)
  4. Dantzari tradizionala (Traditional dancer)

Explanation

A 'bertsolari' is a Basque oral improvisation poet who composes and sings (bertsos) spontaneously in verse form. The passage confirms this is an oral tradition ('ahoz aho transmititu den'). Bertsolaris improvise on given topics, rhyming in specific meters.

Question 50Basque reading and justified interpretation

Pasartea irakurri: "Ikerlariek ondorioztatu dute lo gutxi egiteak ez ezik, lo kalitaterik gabeak ere osasunari eragiten diola. Hori dela eta, ordutegi erregularrak eta lasaitze-teknikak gomendatzen dituzte." Zer gomendatzen dute ikerlariek? (Read: "Researchers have concluded that not only sleeping little but also poor quality sleep affects health. For this reason, they recommend regular schedules and relaxation techniques." What do researchers recommend?)

  1. Lan gutxiago egitea (Doing less work)
  2. Sendagaiak hartzea (Taking medication)
  3. Ordutegi erregularrak eta lasaitze-teknikak (Regular schedules and relaxation techniques) Correct answer.
  4. Egunero kirola egitea (Doing sport every day)

Explanation

The text explicitly states that researchers recommend two things: regular schedules ('ordutegi erregularrak') and relaxation techniques ('lasaitze-teknikak'). These are the direct practical recommendations given.