PHUMA-SALUD case studies
PHUMA-SALUD · Put your knowledge to work in context.
This independent study page provides practice for PHUMA-SALUD. Its editorial learning areas include biology / chemistry / physics - integrated subject foundations. The questions develop subject knowledge and application through worked reasoning, distinctions between competing answers, and practical scenarios. Study the relevant guide before attempting a mixed set, then explain the evidence or calculation that supports each answer. Topics on this exam: biology / chemistry / physics - integrated subject foundations. The PHUMA-SALUD case studies are 4 cases and about 1,443 words.
1Potato-cell mass change and a controlled concentration comparison
A class analyzes a supplied dataset from equal-sized potato cylinders placed in several labeled solutions. The cylinders began with the same average mass, and the observation interval, temperature and blotting convention were matched. The solution labels are concentrations in a hypothetical exercise, not a preparation recipe. Mean mass changes were plus 6 percent in solution A, plus 2 percent in B, approximately zero in C and minus 5 percent in D.
262 words, about 1 min2A pea-plant cross and the meaning of an expected ratio
A hypothetical pea trait is controlled by a single autosomal locus with alleles P and p. Complete dominance is explicitly assumed: PP and Pp plants have purple flowers, while pp plants have white flowers. There is no differential survival among genotypes, mating and fertilization follow the supplied Mendelian model, and offspring outcomes are independent for this exercise. Two heterozygous plants are crossed and produce 100 scored offspring: 78 purple and 22 white.
264 words, about 1 min3Block on a Rough Incline: Does the System Move at All?
A 4.0 kg wooden block on a rough plane inclined at 25° to the horizontal is joined by a light string, passing over a small pulley at the top of the plane, to a 2.5 kg mass hanging freely. The coefficients of friction between block and plane are μs = 0.45 and μk = 0.35. A student assumes the hanging mass accelerates downwards and writes 2.5g − 4.0g sin25° − μk(4.0g cos25°) = 6.5a, claiming a nonzero sliding acceleration. The demonstrator marks this wrong.
696 words, about 3 min4Two groups and one denominator
In a fictional training exercise, Group A contains 20 participants with a mean score of 60 on a classroom practice activity. Group B contains 30 participants with a mean score of 80 on the same activity and scale. The teacher has not supplied individual scores, variances, medians or a sampling design. A student averages 60 and 80 and calls 70 the combined mean.
221 words, about 1 min