阅读第三部分：论点、论据与态度题
Reading Part 3 gives 20 questions in about 20 minutes. Chen reads a passage about a city library that moved its closing time from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m. Evening visits rose 40% in the first three months, then fell back to the original level within half a year. The librarian says he is not disappointed: 我们延长的不只是时间，是选择权。有人可能一年只用一次，但那一次对他很重要。 Question: 馆长是什么态度？ Options: A 对延长开馆时间感到失望; B 认为延长开馆时间仍然有意义; C 打算恢复原来的闭馆时间; D 认为读者不珍惜图书馆的服务. Chen eliminates A and C, then hesitates between B and D because the passage does say attendance fell.
1. Which option should Chen choose, and which sentence in the passage carries the author's claim rather than the evidence?
Read the worked answer
Answer: B.
Separate the two layers:
- Evidence layer: 晚间到馆人数增加了四成 in three months, then 又回到了原来的水平. These numbers exist to set up a seeming failure.
- Claim layer: 馆长并不失望 + the quote 我们延长的不只是时间，是选择权。有人可能一年只用一次，但那一次对他很重要。 The evaluative sentence comes after the numbers and is signalled by 并不失望 - a negation of the expected reaction.
Why the others fail:
- A is directly contradicted by 并不失望.
- C has no textual support; the librarian defends the change, so there is no plan to reverse it.
- D is a moral judgement the passage never makes. The last clause says the opposite: the one visit matters precisely because it is rare. Chen was pulled toward D because 人数回到原来的水平 sounds like 'readers don't value it' - that is Chen's inference, not the librarian's.
Rule: when a passage contains a negation of an expected reaction (并不失望、并不后悔、并不奇怪), that is where the author's stance sits.
2. Option D is not supported, but a similar distractor such as 延长开馆时间的效果不如预期 would be textually true. Give Chen a test for 'true but not the main point'.
Read the worked answer
Sort every option into one of three bins before choosing:
- 与原文矛盾 - contradicts a stated fact or stance → eliminate (A here).
- 原文细节／可以推出但不是论点 - true, but subordinate → eliminate unless the question asks 细节.
- 作者观点 - the point the evidence was collected to support → answer.
Two mechanical tests:
- Deletion test. Remove the sentence the option is based on. Does the passage still reach the same conclusion? Delete the 40% figure and the librarian's quote still stands. Delete 并不失望 and the quote and there is no passage left - so the quote is load-bearing.
- Purpose test. Ask 作者为什么要写这句话. The attendance numbers are written in order to be reinterpreted by the librarian. An option that stops at the numbers describes the setup, not the point.
Apply to 效果不如预期: it is factually consistent with the numbers but conflicts with the passage's stance (the librarian explicitly refuses that reading). That makes it bin 1, not bin 2 - 'true-ish' is not enough when the author has already rejected the interpretation.
Also read the question stem for scope words: 主要、说明、态度、目的 all ask for the claim layer; 根据短文 asks for detail.
3. Chen spends 3 minutes on this passage and has 20 questions in 20 minutes. What pacing rule follows, and how should he read the passage the first time?
Read the worked answer
Pacing. 20 questions in 20 minutes is 60 seconds per question. Three minutes on a single-question passage is a 3× overspend and will cost him two later items. Rule:
- Single-question passage: 45–60 s.
- Passage carrying two questions: up to 2.5 min, because the reading cost is shared.
- If he passes 75 s on a single-question passage, answer from what he has and move.
First read (no rereading):
- Read the question stem first - 态度、主要说明、目的 narrows what to look for before any text is processed.
- Read the passage once at a steady pace, marking only 转折词 (但是、不过、其实、却) and the final evaluative sentence. These are where claims live; numbers and examples can be skimmed.
- Answer from the marked sentence. Do not return to the passage to verify an option that the claim sentence already decides.
His hesitation between B and D cost him the section, not his vocabulary: both options were understood, and the time went into re-reading the attendance figures instead of reading the last sentence carefully.