Hungary KRESZ B cheat sheet

Sign categories in Hungary: warning signs are red-bordered triangles (except level-crossing variants), prohibition signs are red-bordered circles, mandatory signs are blue circles, and information signs are blue or green rectangles.

Hungarian stop sign (STOP / ÁLLJ) means a full stop at the stop line is mandatory even when the road is visibly clear; a give-way triangle (ELSŐBBSÉG) requires yielding without a mandatory full stop unless traffic demands it.

A yellow diamond with white border marks a priority road; a diamond with a black diagonal stripe cancels priority and restores the default right-hand rule or sign-based regulation.

Traffic-light order for vehicles: red, red+amber, green, amber, red. A flashing amber means proceed with extra care and yield per signs; a flashing red means stop and proceed only when safe.

Police or authorised flag signals override traffic lights and signs; a raised arm from a traffic officer means stop, and a sideward arm indicates the direction of permitted flow.

Continuous white centre line: no crossing or straddling. Broken white line: crossing permitted for overtaking or turning when safe. Double lines: at least one continuous line means no crossing.

Zebra crossings (gyalogátkelőhely) give pedestrians absolute priority once they are on or entering the crossing; approach at a speed allowing an immediate stop.

Default rule where no sign or signal regulates priority: yield to traffic approaching from the right (jobbkéz-szabály).

Turning left across oncoming traffic: yield to vehicles going straight or turning right from the opposite direction; turning vehicles also yield to pedestrians crossing the road they enter.

At a T-junction without signs, the vehicle on the road that ends must yield; the through road has priority regardless of left/right geometry.

Entering a roundabout (körforgalom): yield to vehicles already circulating unless signs indicate otherwise; signal right on exit and left when changing lanes inside.

When two vehicles meet on a narrow road with an obstacle on one side, the vehicle whose side is blocked yields; on gradients the descending vehicle yields to the ascending one unless reversing is easier for the descending one.

Entering from a private road, driveway, petrol station or parking area: yield to all traffic already on the public road, including cyclists and pedestrians.

At an intersection with a 'give way' sign, stop only if necessary, but always be ready to stop; a STOP sign requires a complete stop at the line before entering.

General limits for passenger cars: 50 km/h in built-up areas, 90 km/h on single carriageways outside built-up areas, 110 km/h on divided main roads, and 130 km/h on motorways (autópálya).

Limits drop for vehicles towing trailers, lorries and buses; a car with trailer is generally limited to 70 km/h outside built-up areas and 80 km/h on motorways.

Minimum following distance in seconds: at least 2 seconds in good conditions, more in rain, at night or when loaded; a practical check is to pass a fixed point two seconds after the vehicle ahead.

Overtaking is prohibited at pedestrian crossings, at level crossings, on blind bends, on the crest of a hill, and where a continuous line or overtaking-prohibition sign applies.

Overtake on the left; passing on the right is only allowed when the vehicle ahead is signalling and positioned to turn left, or in slow queuing traffic in lanes moving at different speeds.

A driver being overtaken must not accelerate; keep right and maintain speed so the overtaking manoeuvre can be completed safely.

Speed must always be reduced below the posted limit when visibility, road surface, weather or traffic so require; the posted limit is a maximum, not a target.

Stopping (megállás) means halting for up to 5 minutes with the driver remaining at the wheel; parking (várakozás) is any longer halt or leaving the vehicle.

Prohibited to stop or park: on pedestrian crossings, within 5 m before them, on tram tracks, on level crossings, at bus stops (within the marked area), and on narrow sections blocking traffic.

Keep at least 5 m from intersections and from the near edge of a crossing; in built-up areas keep at least 1 m from the kerb line unless the layout dictates otherwise.

Parking against traffic flow is prohibited on roads with two-way traffic; park in the direction of travel, right side, unless one-way signage allows otherwise.

Do not park within 15 m of a bus or trolleybus stop sign, on bridges, in tunnels, or where a yellow zigzag or no-stopping line applies.

When leaving a parked vehicle: secure the handbrake, engage a gear or P, switch off lights unless required, lock it, and check mirrors and blind spot before opening doors.

Parking lights or hazard lights may be required at night on unlit roads outside built-up areas; hazard lights alone do not authorise parking in a prohibited place.

Dipped headlights are mandatory at night, in tunnels, in rain, fog or snow, and whenever visibility is reduced; daytime running lights alone are insufficient in these conditions.

Front fog lights may be used only in fog, heavy rain or snow; rear fog lights only when visibility is below 50 m, and must be switched off when conditions improve.

Hazard warning lights are for breakdowns, traffic jams and emergencies, not for parking illegally.

Mandatory equipment in a Hungarian passenger car: warning triangle, first-aid kit, high-visibility vest (one per occupant accessible from inside), and a fire extinguisher is recommended but not mandatory for private cars.

Winter tyres are not legally mandated in Hungary, but tyres must have at least 1.6 mm tread depth; snow chains are permitted only on snow-covered roads and only on driving wheels.

The warning triangle must be placed at least 50 m behind the vehicle on motorways and at least 30 m on other roads when the vehicle is an obstacle.

Vehicle must have valid compulsory third-party insurance (kgfb), a valid technical inspection (műszaki vizsga), and a registration certificate carried or available in the vehicle.

Hungary applies a zero-tolerance alcohol rule for drivers: any measurable blood alcohol content is an offence; the legal limit is 0.00 g/l.

Refusing a roadside breath or blood test is itself an offence and can result in licence suspension and criminal liability.

Driving under the influence of drugs or medication impairing driving is prohibited; prescription medicines with warning pictograms must be assessed with the doctor.

Fatigue: take a break at least every 2 hours of driving, and stop immediately if signs of drowsiness appear; a 15-20 minute nap is more effective than fresh air or coffee alone.

Medical fitness is checked at licence issue and renewal; certain conditions (epilepsy, severe diabetes, vision below required acuity) require periodic certification or restriction.

Minimum vision requirement for category B: corrected acuity of at least 0.5 in the better eye and 0.2 in the worse eye, with adequate field of vision.

A driver who feels unwell, is sleep-deprived, or is taking impairing medication must not drive; the driver remains responsible for fitness regardless of prescription.

Documents to carry while driving: valid driving licence, vehicle registration certificate (forgalmi engedély), proof of compulsory insurance, and valid technical inspection certificate.

Compulsory third-party liability insurance (kgfb) covers damage caused to others; own-vehicle damage requires optional casco insurance.

Driving without valid kgfb can trigger a policy fee from the insurer plus a penalty; continuous coverage is checked electronically, so lapses are detected.

The driving licence for category B is valid for 10 years until age 50, then shorter renewal cycles; medical certificate required at renewal.

Penalty points (büntetőpontok) accumulate for traffic offences; reaching the threshold can lead to licence suspension and retraining.

Address or name changes must be reported to the document office within the prescribed period; the registration certificate must reflect the vehicle's owner and technical data.

Accident reporting: any accident involving injury must be reported to police; a European accident report form is used for damage-only accidents, signed by both drivers.

Scan 12-15 seconds ahead in urban areas and further on open roads; keep eyes moving between mirrors, instruments and the road ahead.

Approaching a pedestrian crossing with limited visibility (parked cars, buses), reduce speed and cover the brake; a pedestrian may emerge unexpectedly.

In rain, aquaplaning risk rises above 80 km/h with worn tyres; ease off the accelerator, avoid sudden braking, and hold the wheel steady.

At night, dip headlights when meeting oncoming traffic and when following within about 50 m; look toward the right edge of the road to avoid glare.

In fog, use dipped or fog lights, reduce speed so you can stop within the visible distance, and increase following distance.

Cyclists and motorcyclists are vulnerable: give at least 1 m clearance in built-up areas and 1.5 m outside; check mirrors and blind spot before turning across their path.

On motorways, keep right unless overtaking; use the hard shoulder only in an emergency, and when joining match speed to traffic and yield to vehicles already on the motorway.

Scene safety first: switch off engines, set hazard lights, place the warning triangle, wear a high-visibility vest, and call 112 with location, number of casualties and hazards.

Do not move an injured person unless there is immediate danger (fire, traffic); suspected spinal injury requires immobilisation until help arrives.

Check responsiveness and breathing; if absent, start chest compressions at 100-120 per minute, about 5-6 cm deep, and continue until help arrives.

Control severe bleeding with direct pressure using a clean cloth or dressing; do not remove embedded objects, pack around them.

For burns, cool with clean cool water for at least 10-20 minutes; do not apply creams, ice, or remove stuck clothing.

Keep the injured person warm and calm, monitor breathing, and do not give food or drink.

At the scene, exchange details with other involved parties, do not leave the scene of an injury accident, and report to police within the required time.

No-entry sign is a red circle with a white horizontal bar; a red circle with a white rectangle means no vehicles.

A blue square with a white arrow indicates a one-way street; a blue circle with a white arrow is a mandatory direction sign.

Level crossing with barriers: a red-and-white striped barrier; without barriers: a St Andrew's cross and warning lights.

Yellow zigzag line means no stopping or parking; yellow continuous line along the kerb means no parking.

Direction arrows painted on the road indicate permitted lane movements at the next intersection.

A sign with a red border and a black symbol on white prohibits that specific movement (e.g., no left turn, no U-turn).

Traffic light with a green arrow permits movement only in the arrow direction, and traffic in that direction has priority.

At an intersection with traffic lights, a green light gives priority over signs; signs apply only when lights are off or flashing amber.

A vehicle turning left must yield to oncoming traffic going straight or turning right, and to pedestrians on the crossing it enters.

At a roundabout marked with give-way signs at entry, circulating traffic has priority; without signs, the right-hand rule applies.

Priority road ends sign (yellow diamond with black stripe) restores the default rules at the next intersection.

At a junction where a bus is leaving a stop in a built-up area, give it priority when it signals to pull out.

Emergency vehicles with sirens and flashing lights have priority; pull over to the right and stop if necessary.

Do not enter an intersection if you cannot clear it before the light changes or traffic stops, even on green.

In built-up areas, 30 km/h zones and 20 km/h zones are marked by signs; the general limit is 50 km/h.

Outside built-up areas, a passenger car without trailer may drive 90 km/h on ordinary roads; 110 km/h applies only on divided main roads.

Overtaking a tram is permitted on the right when the tram tracks are in the middle of the road; otherwise follow the general rule.

Do not overtake a vehicle that has stopped at a pedestrian crossing to let pedestrians cross.

Overtaking a cyclist requires at least 1 m lateral clearance in built-up areas, 1.5 m outside.

When being overtaken, do not accelerate; maintain speed and keep to the right.

Speed must allow stopping within the distance visible ahead, regardless of the posted limit.

Stopping is prohibited on the carriageway of a motorway except in an emergency; use the hard shoulder and warning triangle.

Parking is prohibited within 5 m of a pedestrian crossing, within 15 m of a bus stop sign, and on a bridge or in a tunnel.

In a built-up area, park with at least 1 m clearance from the kerb unless road layout dictates otherwise.

Parking on the left side is allowed on one-way streets; on two-way streets park on the right in the direction of travel.

Do not park in a disabled bay without a valid permit; fines and towing apply.

When parking on a slope, turn the wheels toward the kerb and engage the handbrake and a gear.

Hazard lights do not make illegal parking legal; they are for emergencies and breakdowns.

Dipped headlights are mandatory in tunnels and at night; daytime running lights are acceptable only in good visibility during the day.

Rear fog lights must not be used when visibility is above 50 m; misuse can dazzle following drivers.

A warning triangle, first-aid kit and high-visibility vest are mandatory; a spare wheel is recommended but not mandatory.

Tyres must have at least 1.6 mm tread depth; winter tyres are recommended but not legally required in Hungary.

Snow chains are permitted only on snow-covered roads and only on the driving wheels; they must be removed on clear roads.

The vehicle must have a valid technical inspection (műszaki vizsga) and valid compulsory insurance (kgfb).

Lighting must be kept clean and functional; a failed headlight is a defect that must be repaired before driving at night.

Zero-tolerance alcohol rule: any measurable blood alcohol content is an offence; the limit is 0.00 g/l.

Refusing a breath or blood test is an offence and can lead to licence suspension and criminal liability.

Medication that impairs driving must be discussed with the doctor; the driver remains responsible for fitness.

Take a break at least every 2 hours; drowsiness must be treated with rest, not with fresh air or coffee alone.

Minimum vision: corrected acuity of at least 0.5 in the better eye and 0.2 in the worse eye.

Certain medical conditions (epilepsy, severe diabetes) require periodic certification or restriction.

A driver who feels unwell or is sleep-deprived must not drive.

Carry a valid driving licence, vehicle registration certificate, proof of compulsory insurance, and valid technical inspection certificate.

Compulsory third-party insurance (kgfb) covers damage to others; own-vehicle damage requires optional casco insurance.

Driving without valid kgfb triggers a policy fee and penalty; coverage is checked electronically.

Category B licence is valid for 10 years until age 50, then shorter renewal cycles; medical certificate required at renewal.

Penalty points accumulate for offences; reaching the threshold can lead to licence suspension and retraining.

Report address or name changes to the document office within the prescribed period.

Any accident involving injury must be reported to police; damage-only accidents use the European accident report form.

Scan 12-15 seconds ahead in urban areas and further on open roads; keep eyes moving between mirrors and the road.

Approaching a pedestrian crossing with limited visibility, reduce speed and cover the brake.

In rain, aquaplaning risk rises with worn tyres; ease off the accelerator and avoid sudden braking.

At night, dip headlights when meeting oncoming traffic and when following within about 50 m.

In fog, use dipped or fog lights, reduce speed so you can stop within the visible distance, and increase following distance.

Give cyclists at least 1 m clearance in built-up areas and 1.5 m outside; check the blind spot before turning across their path.

On motorways, keep right unless overtaking; use the hard shoulder only in an emergency.

Scene safety first: switch off engines, set hazard lights, place the warning triangle, wear a high-visibility vest, and call 112.

Do not move an injured person unless there is immediate danger; suspected spinal injury requires immobilisation.

If breathing is absent, start chest compressions at 100-120 per minute, about 5-6 cm deep.

Control severe bleeding with direct pressure; do not remove embedded objects.

For burns, cool with clean cool water for at least 10-20 minutes; do not apply creams or ice.

Keep the injured person warm and calm, monitor breathing, and do not give food or drink.

Exchange details with other involved parties, do not leave the scene of an injury accident, and report to police.