WAS study materials
WAS study resources

WAS study plan

WAS · Give each week a clear focus.

8 weeks · About 7 hours per week

Week 1

WCAG 2.x Principles, Guidelines, and Success Criteria

  • Map the four WCAG 2.2 principles (Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, Robust) to their guidelines and state how many success criteria sit under each principle

  • Classify each Level A success criterion by conformance level and write a one-sentence plain-language summary of what it requires

  • Distinguish conformance levels A, AA, and AA-plus-targeted criteria, and explain which level most legal and procurement policies reference

  • Identify the five WCAG 2.2 criteria new since 2.1 and state what each one adds

  • Explain the difference between conformance, partial conformance, and statement of partial conformance for third-party content

Your checkpoint

A one-page WCAG 2.2 criteria index listing every Level A criterion with its number, short name, and a one-line plain-language summary, sorted by principle

Week 2

WCAG 2.x Principles, Guidelines, and Success Criteria & Semantic HTML and Accessible Markup

  • Apply the text alternatives and non-text content criteria to decide when alt text is empty, descriptive, or redundant

  • Evaluate color contrast ratios for normal and large text and for non-text UI components against the AA thresholds

  • Write semantic HTML for headings, landmarks, lists, tables, and forms that satisfies the relevant structure criteria without ARIA

  • Diagnose common markup failures such as skipped heading levels, layout tables, unlabeled inputs, and div-based buttons

  • Explain how reflow, text spacing, and resize-text criteria affect page structure choices

Your checkpoint

A hand-coded accessible page (form, data table, navigation, and image set) annotated inline with the specific success criteria each markup decision satisfies

Week 3

Semantic HTML and Accessible Markup & Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA)

  • Select native HTML elements over ARIA roles whenever a native equivalent exists, and justify each exception

  • Construct an accessible modal dialog, disclosure widget, and tab set using the appropriate ARIA roles, states, and properties

  • Implement the five rules of ARIA use and identify markup that violates each rule

  • Manage focus and keyboard interaction patterns for composite widgets according to the ARIA Authoring Practices patterns

  • Define accessible names and descriptions using aria-label, aria-labelledby, and aria-describedby, and predict the computed name

Your checkpoint

A working widget library of three ARIA patterns (dialog, tabs, disclosure) with keyboard support and a written name-computation trace for each

Week 4

Assistive Technology Compatibility and Testing & Accessibility Fundamentals and Disability Models

  • Build a screen reader test script covering headings, landmarks, forms, tables, dynamic updates, and error handling, and run it with at least one desktop screen reader

  • Compare what the accessibility tree exposes for a native control versus a custom ARIA widget, and document the differences

  • Test keyboard-only operation including focus order, visible focus, skip links, and keyboard traps

  • Contrast the medical, social, and biopsychosocial models of disability and explain how each model frames an accessibility failure

  • Match categories of assistive technology (screen readers, magnification, switch access, speech input, braille displays) to the user needs they serve

Your checkpoint

A completed assistive technology test report on one public website, listing defects with the criterion violated, the assistive technology used, and reproduction steps

Week 5

Assistive Technology Compatibility and Testing & Accessible Design, CSS, and Responsive Layout

  • Run automated scans and triage the results, separating confirmed failures from false positives and manual-check-required items

  • Apply the accessibility tree, computed role, and computed name checks in browser developer tools to debug ARIA defects

  • Design focus indicators and focus-visible styles that meet the non-text contrast and focus appearance requirements

  • Implement responsive layouts that satisfy reflow at 320 CSS pixels and 400 percent zoom without two-dimensional scrolling

  • Use CSS to respect prefers-reduced-motion, prefers-color-scheme, and forced-colors mode without breaking content

Your checkpoint

A defect log from a hybrid audit (automated tool plus manual checks) of one site, with at least fifteen triaged findings classified as confirmed, false positive, or needs manual verification

Week 6

Accessible Design, CSS, and Responsive Layout & WCAG 2.x Principles, Guidelines, and Success Criteria

  • Evaluate motion, animation, and auto-updating content against the pause, stop, hide, and flashing thresholds criteria

  • Apply the target size, dragging movements, and pointer gestures criteria to interactive components

  • Assess media alternatives: captions, audio description, transcripts, and media player keyboard accessibility

  • Diagnose content that fails on text spacing overrides, orientation lock, or hover and focus content dismissal

  • Explain how CSS-only techniques can hide content from assistive technology and when that is a failure

Your checkpoint

A remediation patch set (CSS and markup diffs) fixing at least eight distinct AA failures across motion, target size, media, and reflow on a sample page

Week 7

Accessibility Program Governance and Remediation

  • Draft an accessibility policy that names the conformance target, scope, roles, and exception process

  • Define a remediation workflow with severity ratings, ownership, and service-level targets for each severity

  • Design an accessibility statement that meets the transparency expectations of the relevant criteria and legal frameworks

  • Plan how accessibility gates enter design review, code review, and release checklists

  • Outline a training and role-based onboarding plan for designers, developers, and content authors

Your checkpoint

An accessibility program charter including policy, severity matrix with remediation targets, statement template, and release-gate checklist

Week 8

Accessibility Program Governance and Remediation & Accessibility Fundamentals and Disability Models & WCAG 2.x Principles, Guidelines, and Success Criteria

  • Assemble a full practice exam across all seven domains and score it by domain to expose weak areas

  • Re-drill the three weakest domains using the criteria index and defect log from earlier weeks

  • Produce an executive summary that translates audit findings into business risk and prioritized remediation

  • Verify recall of the conformance levels, the WCAG 2.2 additions, and the ARIA rules without notes

Your checkpoint

A completed review record covering these existing goals: Assemble a full practice exam across all seven domains and score it by domain to expose weak areas; Re-drill the three weakest domains using the criteria index and defect log from earlier weeks; Produce an executive summary that translates audit findings into business risk and prioritized remediation; Verify recall of the conformance levels, the WCAG 2.2 additions, and the ARIA rules without notes

Milestones

Week 2: Can state the four principles, name at least ten Level A criteria from memory, and correctly compute contrast ratios for three sample color pairs

Week 4: Can build and keyboard-test an ARIA dialog from scratch and explain the accessibility tree difference between it and a native dialog element

Week 6: Can triage an automated scan report into confirmed, false positive, and manual-check items with at least 80 percent agreement against an expert review

Week 8: Scores at least 80 percent overall on the practice exam with no single domain below 70 percent, and can present the remediation summary in under ten minutes