Idaho CVT flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

RER formula

Resting energy requirement in kcal/day equals 70 times the body weight in kilograms raised to the 0.75 power. Illness factors multiply RER to estimate hospitalized patient needs.

Modified Triadan system

Tooth numbering where the right maxillary quadrant is 100s, left maxillary 200s, left mandibular 300s, and right mandibular 400s. The maxillary fourth premolar is 108 or 208.

MAC definition

Minimum alveolar concentration at which 50 percent of patients do not respond to a supramaximal surgical stimulus. Hypothermia, hypotension, and injectable anesthetics lower MAC and deepen anesthesia.

Cystocentesis

Aseptic needle collection of urine directly from the bladder through the abdominal wall. It is the preferred sample for bacterial culture because it avoids lower urinary tract contamination.

VCPR

Veterinary-client-patient relationship: the veterinarian has examined the animal, knows the client, and is available for follow-up. Idaho requires it before prescribing or dispensing drugs.

RECOVER CPR ratio

Chest compressions at 100 to 120 per minute with a 30:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio for one rescuer. Two rescuers may use continuous compressions with asynchronous ventilation.

GDV decompression

Gastric dilatation-volvulus requires immediate trocarization or orogastric tube decompression, crystalloid shock boluses, and later surgical gastropexy to prevent recurrence.

Carnassial tooth

The maxillary fourth premolar (tooth 108 or 208) and mandibular first molar, which are the largest shearing teeth. They are common sites of slab fracture and periodontal disease.

Isosthenuria

Urine specific gravity between roughly 1.008 and 1.012, matching glomerular filtrate. It indicates loss of concentrating ability and is seen in chronic kidney disease and some endocrine disorders.

DEA C-II refills

Schedule II controlled substances cannot be refilled; a new prescription is required. Schedule III and IV drugs allow up to five refills within six months of the issue date.

Permethrin toxicity in cats

Concentrated permethrin flea products labeled for dogs cause tremors, hypersalivation, and seizures in cats. Cats lack efficient glucuronidation and must never receive canine spot-on products.

Surgical hand scrub

Antiseptic scrub of hands and forearms for the labeled contact time, followed by sterile gown and gloves. The gown front and sleeves are sterile; the back and cuffs are not.

Body condition score

A 1-to-9 scale assessing fat cover over ribs, spine, and tail base. Scores 4 to 5 are ideal; 1 to 3 indicate emaciation and 7 to 9 indicate obesity.

PCV reference ranges

Packed cell volume is normally about 37 to 55 percent in dogs and 30 to 45 percent in cats. Total protein is typically 6.0 to 8.0 g/dL on the same spun tube.

Feline hyperthyroidism

Elevated total T4 with weight loss despite polyphagia, tachycardia, and a palpable thyroid nodule. Treatment options include methimazole, radioiodine, and thyroidectomy.

Canine hypothyroidism

Low T4 with elevated TSH and signs of weight gain, alopecia, and bradycardia. Levothyroxine is given twice daily, with recheck of thyroid values in four to six weeks.

Feline obligate carnivore

Cats require preformed taurine, arginine, arachidonic acid, and vitamin A in the diet. Deficiencies cause dilated cardiomyopathy, retinal degeneration, and hepatic lipidosis.

Socialization window

The developmental period from roughly 3 to 16 weeks when puppies form lasting social attachments. Fear periods around 8 to 10 weeks and adolescence affect behavior.

Point of balance

A livestock handling concept: pressure behind the shoulder moves an animal forward, and pressure in front moves it backward. Handlers work outside the flight zone.

Elizabethan collar

A rigid cone that prevents licking or chewing of wounds and incisions. The soft collar allows more normal activity but offers less protection for body wounds.

Idaho CVT credential

Veterinary technicians are licensed by the Idaho Board of Veterinary Medicine after graduating from an accredited program and passing the Veterinary Technician National Examination.

Unprofessional conduct

Includes practicing beyond license scope, falsifying medical records, and practicing without a current license. The Board may fine, suspend, or revoke a license.

Rabies reporting

Idaho requires rabies vaccination of dogs and cats. Suspected rabies cases must be reported to the state veterinarian or local public health authority.

Informed consent

Documented discussion of a procedure's risks, benefits, and alternatives, plus the client's decision and signature. It is required before anesthesia, surgery, and major treatment.

Ask-tell-ask method

A communication technique: ask what the client already knows, tell them the information in plain language, then ask what they understood. It improves recall and adherence.

Hypoglycemia treatment

Give 10 percent dextrose at 1 to 2 mL/kg intravenously slowly, then feed or apply corn syrup to the gums. Recheck blood glucose every 15 to 30 minutes until stable.

Heatstroke cooling

Cool with room-temperature water and fans rather than ice water. Monitor for DIC and acute kidney injury; core temperatures above 41 degrees Celsius are life-threatening.

Dental local anesthetic doses

Bupivacaine maximum is 2 mg/kg in dogs and cats. Lidocaine maximum is 4 to 6 mg/kg in dogs but only about 1 to 2 mg/kg in cats because of cardiotoxicity.

Maintenance fluid rate

Roughly 2 to 3 mL/kg per hour of crystalloid for maintenance. Shock boluses are 10 to 20 mL/kg, reassessed after each bolus before repeating.

Nylon versus PDS suture

Nylon is nonabsorbable and used for skin. PDS is an absorbable monofilament used for deep or contaminated tissue; chromic gut absorbs faster than PDS.

IRIS CKD staging

Chronic kidney disease is staged by creatinine and SDMA. Stage 1 is nonazotemic with poor concentrating ability; later stages show rising creatinine and clinical signs.

Pheromone products

Adaptil is a dog-appeasing pheromone and Feliway is a feline facial pheromone. Both reduce stress during handling, transport, and hospitalization.