Pre-use checks, preparation and configuration
A pre-use check is a systematic walk-round and functional test before the machine is used, recorded on a checklist. Candidates should be able to describe the sequence: approach and look for leaks, damage and missing guards; check levels and condition of engine oil, coolant, hydraulic oil, fuel and AdBlue where fitted; inspect tracks or tyres, wheel nuts, track tension and undercarriage; check the bucket, teeth, pins, quick-hitch and any attachment for wear and security; test the horn, lights, beacon, mirrors, wipers and reversing alarm; and confirm the fire extinguisher, first-aid kit and any isolation/emergency stop are present and working.
Configuration matters on a 180° machine: know how to set the correct track or wheel stance, the purpose of the dozer blade or outriggers, and how to select the working mode. Understand the quick-hitch: the locking pin must be fully engaged and the bucket checked for security by lowering it and applying a light load before work. Know the meaning of the safe load indicator and the load chart where lifting is permitted.
Worked example: if the hydraulic oil sight glass shows low level, do not simply top up and carry on - look for the leak, record it, and report it, because a low level may indicate a burst hose that will fail under load.
Question traps: assuming a daily check is a substitute for a thorough inspection after a fault or impact; forgetting that defects must be recorded and reported, not just fixed; and believing a machine can be used with a defective horn or reversing alarm.