Irish Firefighter Aptitude flashcards
Irish Firefighter Aptitude · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Modus ponens
- A valid argument form: if P implies Q, and P is true, then Q must be true. It is one of the two basic conditional inference rules.
- Modus tollens
- A valid argument form: if P implies Q, and Q is false, then P must be false. Denying the consequent yields a sound deduction.
- Affirming the consequent
- An invalid inference: from 'if P then Q' and 'Q', concluding 'P'. Q may have other causes, so the conclusion does not follow.
- Necessary condition
- A condition without which the outcome cannot occur. If Q is necessary for P, then P implies Q, but Q alone does not guarantee P.
- Sufficient condition
- A condition whose presence guarantees the outcome. If Q is sufficient for P, then Q implies P, though other causes of P may also exist.
- Counterexample test
- A deductive claim is invalid if a single scenario exists where the premises hold but the conclusion fails. Finding one disproves the inference.
- Unstated assumption
- A premise the argument needs but does not state. The strongest inference requires the fewest such assumptions to be added.
- Percentage change formula
- Percentage change equals (new value minus old value) divided by old value, multiplied by 100. The denominator is always the original value.
- Speed conversion 5/18
- To convert kilometres per hour to metres per second, multiply by 5/18. To convert the reverse, multiply by 18/5.
- Average from total
- Average equals sum of values divided by count. Rearranged, total equals average multiplied by count, useful when the total is unstated.
- Combined work rate
- If two workers finish alone in a and b hours, together they finish in 1 divided by (1/a + 1/b) hours. Rates add, times do not.
- Ratio part value
- In a ratio a:b, the total has a + b parts. Divide the total by the number of parts to find the value of one part.
- Compound growth formula
- Final value equals initial value multiplied by (1 + r) raised to the power n, where r is the per-period rate and n the number of periods.
- Net percentage rise and fall
- A rise of x percent followed by a fall of x percent gives a net loss of x squared divided by 100 percent, not zero.
- 90 degree clockwise rotation
- A 90 degree clockwise rotation about the origin maps coordinates (x, y) to (y, minus x). A 180 degree rotation maps (x, y) to (minus x, minus y).
- Reflection versus rotation
- Reflection reverses one axis and flips handedness, producing a mirror image. Rotation preserves handedness, so a mirrored shape cannot be rotated back.
- Meshing gear direction
- Two meshing gears turn in opposite directions. Their rotation speeds are inversely proportional to their numbers of teeth.
- Lever equilibrium formula
- Effort multiplied by effort arm equals load multiplied by load arm. Lengthening the effort arm reduces the effort required to lift a load.
- Lever classes
- Class 1 has the fulcrum between effort and load; class 2 has the load between them; class 3 has the effort between fulcrum and load.
- Pressure formula
- Pressure equals force divided by area. For a fixed force, reducing the contact area increases the pressure exerted.
- Cube geometry
- A cube has 6 square faces, 12 edges, and 8 vertices. A valid cube net consists of exactly 6 squares in a foldable arrangement.
- Movable pulley effect
- A single movable pulley halves the effort needed to lift a load because the load is shared between two rope sections. A fixed pulley only changes direction.
- Life safety priority
- In fire and rescue scenarios, protecting life ranks above stabilising the incident, which in turn ranks above conserving property.
- Chain of command
- Decisions and reports flow through defined ranks. Acting outside one's role or bypassing the incident commander is inappropriate except to prevent imminent harm.
- Escalation threshold
- A matter should be referred to a supervisor when it exceeds one's authority, training, or competence, not merely when it is inconvenient.
- Conflict of interest disclosure
- When a personal relationship or stake could bias a decision, the correct action is to declare it and withdraw from that decision.
- Accurate reporting duty
- Records and reports must be complete and truthful. Omitting or altering information to avoid consequences is never an acceptable response.
- Ranking response options
- When ordering actions, place those preventing harm first, then those stabilising the situation, then administrative or documentation steps.
- Likert scale
- A rating format where respondents indicate agreement with a statement, typically on a five-point scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.
- Consistency checking
- Questionnaires repeat similar themes in positive and negative wording. Contradictory responses across these pairs reduce the reliability of the profile.
- Social desirability bias
- The tendency to present an unrealistically favourable image. Scales detect uniform extreme answers, which are treated as less credible.
- Behavioural versus situational items
- Behavioural items ask about past conduct; situational items ask how one would likely respond to a described scenario. Both tap the same traits.