LCA Active Leisure Studies flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Residual time definition

The block of time remaining after paid work, unpaid work, sleep and personal care have been accounted for. Leisure is activity chosen within that residual block.

Serious leisure

Stebbins' term for sustained, committed involvement in an activity that builds skill, a career-like trajectory and a durable personal and social identity.

Flow state

Csikszentmihalyi's condition where challenge slightly exceeds skill, goals are clear and feedback immediate. Excess challenge causes anxiety; insufficient challenge causes boredom.

Three categories of constraint

Intrapersonal constraints sit inside the person (confidence, health), interpersonal constraints concern companions and social support, and structural constraints are external (cost, transport, time).

Mixed economy of provision

Leisure supplied simultaneously by public, voluntary and commercial sectors. Public provision is justified by equity of access and merit-good arguments rather than profit.

Health-related fitness components

Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition. Skill-related components such as agility and power are separate and not part of this set.

FITT principle

The four variables used to design and progress training: Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type. FITT-VP extends it with Volume and Progression for longer-term programme design.

Moderate versus vigorous intensity

Moderate is 64-76 percent of maximum heart rate, where talking is possible but singing is not. Vigorous is 77-93 percent, where only a few words are possible.

Maximum heart rate estimate

Estimated as 220 minus age in years. The formula carries roughly 10-12 beats per minute of error, so it guides training zones rather than defining them precisely.

Body mass index

Body mass in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. It is a population screening tool because it does not distinguish fat mass from lean mass.

Training principles

Overload requires demand above normal; specificity means adaptation is confined to the system trained; reversibility means gains are lost with inactivity; recovery is when adaptation actually occurs.

STEP model

A progression tool for adapting one activity: change Space, Task, Equipment or People. It allows differentiation within a single session without redesigning the whole plan.

SMART objectives

Session and programme objectives should be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound, so that delivery and later evaluation can be judged against them.

Whole-part-whole teaching

The skill is shown and attempted in full, then broken into parts for focused practice, then reassembled. It gives learners context before detail.

TREE adaptation framework

Inclusion tool adjusting Teaching style, Rules, Equipment and Environment so participants with differing abilities can take part in the same activity rather than being excluded.

Leadership styles

Autocratic leadership makes fast unilateral decisions and suits safety-critical moments. Democratic leadership shares decisions and raises commitment. Laissez-faire suits experienced self-directed groups only.

Adventure experience paradigm

Martin and Priest's model plotting perceived risk against perceived competence. Outcomes are exploration, adventure, peak adventure, misadventure and devastation.

Peak adventure

The state where perceived risk slightly exceeds perceived competence while real skill remains sufficient. It produces optimal arousal and challenge without loss of control.

Magnetic variation

The angular difference between grid north and magnetic north at a given place and date. It changes with location and over time and must be applied when following a compass bearing.

Hypothermia threshold

Core body temperature below 35 degrees Celsius. Signs progress from shivering to confusion, slurred speech and loss of coordination as temperature falls further.

Leave No Trace principles

Plan ahead, use durable surfaces, dispose of waste properly, leave what you find, minimise campfire impact, respect wildlife and be considerate of other visitors.

Hazard versus risk

A hazard is a source of potential harm. Risk combines the likelihood of that harm occurring with the severity of the consequence if it does.

Hierarchy of control

Ranked controls from most to least effective: eliminate, substitute, engineering controls, administrative controls, then personal protective equipment. PPE is relied on last.

Four elements of negligence

A duty of care owed, a breach of that duty, damage suffered, and a causal link between the breach and the damage. All four must be established.

DRABC primary survey

Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Catastrophic bleeding is controlled before airway assessment. Used to find and treat immediately life-threatening conditions.

Adult CPR ratio

30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths, at 100-120 compressions per minute, compressing the chest by about one third of its depth, roughly 5 to 6 centimetres.

Recovery position

A side-lying position for an unresponsive casualty who is breathing normally. It keeps the airway open and lets fluids drain from the mouth.

Wet versus dry facilities

Wet facilities contain water (pools, splash areas); dry facilities do not (halls, courts, studios). The distinction drives staffing, safety and maintenance requirements.

Break-even participants

Fixed costs divided by the difference between income per participant and variable cost per participant. It gives the attendance at which an event covers all its costs.

Critical path

The sequence of dependent tasks that determines the shortest possible project duration. Any delay on the critical path delays the whole event.

Normal operating procedure

The facility's documented routine for safe daily running, covering staffing ratios, supervision zones, equipment checks and emergency action plans.

Continuing professional development

Logged learning and training that professionals complete after initial certification. Professional bodies usually require it for continued registration or membership.

Portfolio leisure career

A career built from several concurrent or sequential roles, such as coaching, instructing and event work. Common where posts are seasonal, part-time or sessional.