Link Modules core skills - problem solving and decision making
What the exam tests
Your ability to apply a structured process to a real problem and justify a decision. Case studies often end with 'what should they do?' and reward clear criteria.
Problem-solving steps
- Define the problem precisely.
- Gather information.
- Identify causes, not just symptoms.
- Generate options (brainstorm without judging).
- Evaluate options against criteria.
- Decide and implement.
- Review the outcome.
Decision-making tools
- PMI: plus, minus, interesting.
- SWOT: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats.
- Cost–benefit analysis: compare money, time and non-financial effects.
- Decision tree: expected values for uncertain options.
- Consensus or majority vote: faster but may leave a minority unhappy.
Criteria
Set criteria before evaluating options - cost, time, risk, ethics, impact on stakeholders and fit with goals. Weighting them makes the reasoning transparent.
Worked example
An LCVP class must choose a fundraiser. Options: table quiz, cake sale, sponsored walk. Criteria: expected profit, effort, risk and involvement. Each option is scored 1–5. The sponsored walk scores highest on involvement and profit but carries weather risk; a contingency is added. The decision and assumptions are recorded.
Traps
Jumping to a solution; confusing a symptom with the problem; ignoring ethical or stakeholder effects; presenting a decision with no criteria; forgetting to review whether it worked.