IL Barber flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Safety Data Sheet

Document supplied with each chemical product listing hazards, safe handling, first aid, and spill procedures; it must be kept accessible in the shop.

GFCI outlet

Ground-fault circuit interrupter outlet required near water; it cuts power instantly when current leaks to ground, preventing electric shock.

Sterilization

Process that destroys all microbial life, including bacterial spores; achieved with an autoclave, dry heat, or chemical sterilant, not with ordinary disinfectants.

Disinfection

Using an EPA-registered product to kill most microorganisms on nonporous surfaces and implements; it does not destroy bacterial spores.

Tuberculocidal disinfectant

An EPA-registered hospital disinfectant proven to kill the tuberculosis organism; barbering rules require it for items and surfaces that contact blood or body fluids.

Bleach disinfection ratio

One part 5.25% household bleach to ten parts water, mixed fresh daily, for disinfecting blood-contaminated surfaces and nonporous implements.

Pediculosis

Infestation of lice on the scalp or hair; it is highly contagious, so service is refused and the client is referred for treatment before returning.

Anagen phase

Active growth stage of the hair cycle, lasting two to seven years and involving about 85 to 90 percent of scalp hairs at any time.

Telogen phase

Resting stage of the hair cycle, lasting about three months and ending when the hair sheds and a new anagen hair begins growing.

Acid mantle

Thin acidic film on skin and hair with a pH of about 4.5 to 5.5 that repels bacteria and keeps the cuticle closed and smooth.

Sebaceous gland

Oil gland attached to the hair follicle that secretes sebum, lubricating hair and skin; overactivity produces oily hair and scalp.

Fifth cranial nerve

The trigeminal nerve; the chief sensory nerve of the face and the motor nerve for chewing muscles, often stimulated during facial massage.

Hair elasticity

Hair's ability to stretch when wet and return to its original length; normal hair stretches about 50 percent of its length without breaking.

Porosity

Hair's ability to absorb and retain moisture; hair that sinks quickly in water is highly porous and usually needs protein and moisture treatments.

Trichoptilosis

Technical term for split ends, caused by cuticle damage; managed by trimming the damaged ends and by conditioning, not by repair.

Canities

Graying of the hair caused by loss of melanin pigment; it occurs naturally with age but can also be premature or inherited.

Humectant

Ingredient such as glycerin that attracts and holds moisture from the air, used in conditioners and styling products to keep hair hydrated.

Clarifying shampoo

Strong surfactant shampoo that removes product buildup and minerals; useful before chemical services but used sparingly, since it can strip color.

Shampoo water temperature

Warm water around 100 to 105 degrees F (38 to 40 degrees C); hotter water strips sebum and irritates the scalp, colder water removes less oil.

Elevation

The angle at which hair is held away from the head before cutting: 0 degrees gives blunt, 45 graduation, 90 layers, 180 long layers.

Stationary guide

A section cut first and used as the fixed reference length for every other section, producing one-length or graduated results.

Cross-checking

Cutting across the original section lines at a perpendicular angle to verify that the finished haircut is balanced and even.

Thinning shears

Shears with one cutting blade and one notched blade; they remove bulk and weight without shortening the overall length of the section.

Relaxer pH

Chemical hair relaxers range from about pH 9.5 to 14; a higher pH means faster, stronger straightening and greater risk of scalp irritation.

No-lye relaxer

Relaxer using calcium hydroxide with guanidine instead of sodium hydroxide; it is gentler on the scalp but can leave hair drier.

Neutralizer function

Acidic product around pH 4.5 to 5.5 applied after relaxing or perming to stop chemical action, lower pH, and rebuild disulfide bonds.

Ammonium thioglycolate

Reducing agent used in alkaline permanent waves at about pH 9 to 9.5; it breaks disulfide bonds so hair can be reshaped on rods.

Developer volume

Hydrogen peroxide strength: 10 volume deposits color, 20 volume lifts about one level, 30 lifts two to three, 40 lifts three to four.

Razor angle

Hold a straight razor at roughly 30 degrees to the skin and use light gliding strokes while keeping the skin pulled taut.

Shaving preparation

Hot towel and lather soften the beard and hydrate skin before shaving, reducing friction, nicks, and ingrown hairs.

Effleurage

Light, gliding massage stroke used in facial and scalp massage to relax muscles and increase circulation without dragging the skin.

Client record card

Written record of services, products, formulas, allergies, and patch-test results kept for each client to guide safe future services.