Assam SLET / NE-SLET flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Formative assessment

Assessment carried out during teaching to monitor learning and give immediate corrective feedback; it is diagnostic and low-stakes, and usually does not count towards final certification.

Bloom's revised taxonomy

Six cognitive levels ordered from lower to higher: Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyse, Evaluate and Create. Create, the top level, requires combining elements into a new coherent whole.

Reflective level of teaching

The highest level of teaching, focused on problem-solving and critical inquiry; learners question assumptions and construct reasoned judgements rather than reproduce memorised content.

Null hypothesis

A statement of no difference or no relationship between variables, symbolised H0. Statistical tests attempt to reject it, and rejection supports the alternative hypothesis.

Type I error

Rejecting a true null hypothesis, with probability equal to the significance level alpha. A Type II error is failing to reject a false null hypothesis, with probability beta.

Cronbach's alpha

A coefficient of internal-consistency reliability ranging from 0 to 1, computed from inter-item correlations; values of about 0.70 or above are usually treated as acceptable.

Stratified random sampling

A probability sampling method in which the population is divided into homogeneous strata and random samples are drawn from each stratum, improving representation of every subgroup.

Main idea

The central claim a passage makes about its topic; supporting details illustrate or prove it, and incorrect options usually restate one detail instead of the whole argument.

Inference question

A question asking what a passage implies rather than states directly; the correct option must follow logically from the text alone, without outside knowledge.

Feedback in communication

The receiver's response travelling back to the sender, allowing correction of the message; its absence makes communication one-way and much more error-prone.

Proxemics

The study of how physical distance and space are used in communication; intimate, personal, social and public zones signal relationship closeness and formality.

Semantic barrier

A communication barrier caused by meaning problems such as jargon, ambiguity, poor translation or differing interpretations of the same word by sender and receiver.

Compound interest formula

A = P(1 + r/100)^t, where P is principal, r the annual rate in percent and t the time in years; interest is charged on interest already earned.

Relative speed

When two bodies move towards each other, relative speed is the sum of their speeds; when moving in the same direction, it is the difference.

nCr formula

The number of combinations of n items taken r at a time equals n! divided by r!(n−r)!. Order is ignored, unlike permutations where order matters.

Contrapositive rule

The statement 'if A then B' is logically equivalent to 'if not B then not A'. The converse, 'if B then A', is not equivalent to the original.

Square of opposition

A diagram relating categorical propositions: A (all) and O (some not) are contradictories, as are E (none) and I (some); contradictories always differ in truth value.

Ad hominem fallacy

Rejecting a claim by attacking the person who made it rather than the argument itself; the character of the speaker is irrelevant to the truth of the claim.

Pie chart sector angle

The central angle for a category equals its value divided by the total, multiplied by 360 degrees; its percentage share is that fraction multiplied by 100.

CAGR

Compound annual growth rate, calculated as (ending value / beginning value)^(1/n) − 1, where n is the number of years; it smooths uneven growth into one annual rate.

Median versus mean

The median is the middle value of ordered data and is resistant to outliers; the mean is the arithmetic average and is pulled strongly by extreme values.

IPv4 versus IPv6

IPv4 addresses are 32-bit and written as four decimal octets; IPv6 addresses are 128-bit hexadecimal, devised because the IPv4 address space was exhausted.

DNS

Domain Name System: a hierarchical naming service that translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses so that browsers and other clients can locate servers.

MOOC

Massive Open Online Course: free or low-cost web-based courses open to unlimited participants; Indian examples include SWAYAM, NPTEL and e-PG Pathshala.

Sustainable development

Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs, as defined in the Brundtland Report of 1987.

Montreal Protocol

A 1987 international agreement to phase out ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons and halons; it is among the most widely ratified environmental treaties.

Paris Agreement

A 2015 UN climate treaty under which parties pledge to hold global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees.

NAAC

National Assessment and Accreditation Council, an autonomous UGC-affiliated body that assesses and grades higher education institutions on a scale from A++ to C.

NEP 2020 school structure

India's National Education Policy 2020 replaced the 10+2 pattern with a 5+3+3+4 structure covering ages 3 to 18, including three years of pre-school.

Kothari Commission

The Education Commission of 1964–66, chaired by D. S. Kothari, which recommended the common 10+2+3 structure and linked education to national development.

Paper II structure

The subject-specific paper of the SLET/NET, made up of multiple-choice questions drawn from the candidate's chosen postgraduate subject syllabus.

Assertion–Reason items

Questions giving two statements; the option 'both true, reason explains assertion' is correct only when the reason is the cause or basis of the assertion.