Assam ASSEB HS Multimedia and Web Technology key terms

Any presentation or product that combines two or more media types, such as text, images, sound, animation and video, usually delivered through a computer and made interactive for the user.

Multimedia content in which the user controls the sequence or outcome by clicking, typing or otherwise responding, rather than watching a fixed linear presentation from start to finish.

Software that lets a creator assemble text, graphics, audio and video into a finished multimedia product without writing all the underlying code by hand.

A visual plan made of rough sketches or panels that shows the order of scenes, key visuals and interactions before production of a multimedia or animation project begins.

The horizontal panel in animation and video software where clips, layers and keyframes are arranged along a time axis to control when each element appears.

A picture stored as a grid of coloured pixels, so its file size grows with resolution and it loses sharpness when enlarged far beyond its original size.

An image described by mathematical shapes such as lines, curves and fills, which stays sharp at any scale and is suited to logos, icons and diagrams.

The amount of detail an image or screen can show, commonly stated as pixel dimensions for screens or as dots per inch for printing.

Dots per inch, a measure of how many printed dots fit into one inch; higher values give finer print detail but do not by themselves improve on-screen quality.

A system for describing colours numerically. RGB mixes red, green and blue light for screens, while CMYK mixes cyan, magenta, yellow and black inks for print.

A separate level in an image or animation document that holds its own content, so elements can be edited, hidden or reordered without disturbing the others.

A shape or channel that hides or reveals parts of a layer, letting an editor confine an effect or image to a chosen area without deleting pixels.

Extra data stored with an image that records how transparent each pixel is, allowing smooth edges and see-through areas when images are composited.

Reducing file size by encoding data more efficiently; lossless methods restore the exact original, while lossy methods discard detail the eye or ear is less likely to notice.

A widely used lossy image format suited to photographs and continuous-tone pictures, offering small files but visible blockiness if saved repeatedly at low quality.

An older image format limited to 256 colours per frame that supports simple transparency and short looping animations; it is unsuitable for photographic detail.

A lossless image format that supports full colour and an alpha channel, making it a common choice for web graphics, logos and images needing transparent backgrounds.

A text-based vector format for the web whose shapes can be styled and scripted like HTML, and which scales cleanly on any screen size.

A frame in which an animator sets a property such as position or opacity; software then interpolates the in-between values automatically to create smooth motion.

Generating the intermediate frames between two keyframes automatically, so the creator defines only the start and end states of a movement or change.

The number of still images shown per second in a video or animation; common values are 24, 25 and 30 frames per second, and higher rates give smoother motion.

How many times per second an audio signal is measured when converted to digital form, usually expressed in hertz; CD quality uses 44,100 samples per second.

The number of bits used to store each sample or pixel, which determines how many distinct amplitude levels or colours can be represented.

A compressed audio format that removes sound information considered hard to hear, giving small files that are convenient for streaming and portable players.

The algorithm pair that encodes and decodes a media stream, deciding the balance between file size and quality for audio or video.

Delivering audio or video in a continuous flow so playback can begin before the whole file has downloaded, using a buffer to absorb network delays.

The maximum rate at which data can travel over a connection, usually measured in kilobits or megabits per second, which limits how much media can be delivered smoothly.

A worldwide network of interconnected computer networks that exchange data using shared addressing and the TCP/IP protocol suite.

A numeric label assigned to a device on a network so data can be routed to it; IPv4 uses four numbers, while IPv6 uses a longer hexadecimal form.

The Domain Name System, a distributed directory that translates human-readable domain names into the numeric IP addresses computers use to reach servers.

The HyperText Transfer Protocol, the request-response rules browsers and servers use to exchange web pages and other resources over a network.

HTTP carried over an encrypted connection using TLS, which protects data in transit and lets users verify they are talking to the intended server.

Uniform Resource Locator, the address that identifies a resource on the web by combining a scheme, a host name and a path to the file or page.

The memorable registered name, such as example.com, that identifies a website and is resolved by DNS to the server that hosts it.

A clickable element, usually text or an image, that points to another resource through its URL and lets users move between pages or sections.

HyperText Markup Language, the standard language of tags that describes the structure and meaning of web content so browsers can render it.

Choosing HTML elements that describe what content is, such as heading, navigation or article, rather than only how it should look, improving accessibility and searchability.

Cascading Style Sheets, the language used to control presentation such as colour, spacing, typography and layout, kept separate from the HTML structure.

The part of a CSS rule that chooses which elements a declaration block applies to, using element names, classes, identifiers or combinations of these.

A CSS condition that applies styles only when characteristics such as viewport width, orientation or screen type match, forming the basis of responsive layouts.

Building pages with flexible grids, images and media queries so the layout adapts sensibly to phones, tablets and desktop screens without separate sites.

The programming language that runs in the browser to make pages interactive, handling events, changing the document dynamically and validating user input.

The Document Object Model, a tree representation of a page that scripts can read and modify to add, remove or restyle elements while the page is open.

A function attached to an element that runs when a specific action occurs, such as a click, key press or page load.

Checking user input in a form for completeness and correct format before it is sent, either with HTML attributes, scripts, or a check on the server.

A service that stores website files on a server connected to the internet and delivers them to visitors on request.

File Transfer Protocol, an older method for uploading and downloading files between a local computer and a server, now often replaced by SFTP for security.

A digital certificate installed on a server that proves its identity and enables encrypted HTTPS connections, commonly shown by a padlock in the browser.

Designing pages so people with disabilities can use them, for example with text alternatives for images, keyboard navigation and sufficient colour contrast.

An oral examination in which a candidate explains and defends a project, answering questions on design choices, code and the tools used.