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Assam ASSEB HSLC NSQF Apparel Made-Ups and Home Furnishing study materials
Assam ASSEB HSLC NSQF Apparel Made-Ups and Home Furnishing study resources

Assam ASSEB HSLC NSQF Apparel Made-Ups and Home Furnishing practice questions

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Question 1Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

In the apparel, made-ups and home furnishing sector, which term describes fabric items such as bed linen, curtains and towels that are stitched to a finished size for household use rather than worn on the body?

  1. Yarn
  2. Made-ups Correct answer.
  3. Trims
  4. Fibre

Explanation

Made-ups are finished fabric products cut and stitched for domestic or institutional use, such as bed sheets, towels and curtains. They are distinguished from garments, which are wearable articles, and from raw materials like fibre and yarn.

Question 2Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

Which sequence correctly shows the main stages of textile production from raw material to finished apparel product?

  1. Garment → fabric → yarn → fibre
  2. Yarn → fibre → garment → fabric
  3. Fibre → yarn → fabric → garment Correct answer.
  4. Fabric → fibre → yarn → garment

Explanation

Textile manufacturing follows a value chain in which staple or filament fibre is spun into yarn, yarn is woven or knitted into fabric, and fabric is cut and stitched into garments. Each later stage adds value to the earlier one.

Question 3Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A tailoring unit receives an order for school uniforms and must measure students to prepare patterns. Which body measurement is most essential for drafting the basic bodice block?

  1. Head circumference
  2. Wrist width
  3. Chest or bust circumference Correct answer.
  4. Shoe length

Explanation

The bodice block is drafted mainly from torso measurements, of which chest or bust circumference determines the width of the front and back panels. Neck, shoulder and waist measurements refine the block, but the bust or chest girth is the primary controlling measurement.

Question 4Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

Which tool is specifically designed to mark seam allowances, hems and buttonholes accurately on fabric before stitching?

  1. Seam ripper
  2. Pinking shears
  3. Thimble
  4. Tailor's chalk Correct answer.

Explanation

Tailor's chalk is a temporary marking tool that leaves a removable line on fabric for seam allowances, hems and buttonhole placement. Its marks brush or wash off, so they do not damage the finished garment.

Question 5Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

In the apparel industry, what does the abbreviation 'CAD' refer to in the context of pattern making?

  1. Computer-Aided Design Correct answer.
  2. Cut And Distribute
  3. Colour And Drafting
  4. Cotton And Dyeing

Explanation

CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design, and in apparel it is used for digital pattern drafting, grading and marker making. It allows patterns to be stored, modified and nested efficiently before cutting.

Question 6Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

Which of the following is a natural cellulosic fibre commonly used in the apparel and home furnishing sector?

  1. Nylon
  2. Polyester
  3. Cotton Correct answer.
  4. Acrylic

Explanation

Cotton is a natural fibre obtained from the seed hair of the cotton plant and is composed mainly of cellulose. Polyester, nylon and acrylic are all synthetic fibres manufactured from petrochemical polymers.

Question 7Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A home furnishing unit wants a fabric for upholstery that resists abrasion and holds its shape under repeated rubbing. Which property should be given the highest priority when selecting the fibre?

  1. Drape
  2. Abrasion resistance Correct answer.
  3. Colour depth
  4. Lustre

Explanation

Upholstery fabric is subjected to continuous friction from sitting and movement, so abrasion resistance is the primary performance requirement. Drape, lustre and colour depth affect appearance but do not determine how long the cover will last.

Question 8Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A shirt manufacturer notices that a cotton fabric shrinks noticeably after the first wash. Which finishing process should have been applied to reduce this problem?

  1. Calendering
  2. Mercerising
  3. Sanforising Correct answer.
  4. Singeing

Explanation

Sanforising is a compressive shrinkage finish that mechanically pre-shrinks cotton fabric so that residual shrinkage after washing is minimised. It is the standard industrial remedy for the shrinkage problem described.

Question 9Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

In a garment factory, what is the main purpose of a marker in the cutting room?

  1. To arrange pattern pieces compactly on the fabric to minimise waste Correct answer.
  2. To record the daily attendance of cutting operators
  3. To test the colour fastness of the fabric
  4. To label each finished garment with its size

Explanation

A marker is the layout of pattern pieces on the fabric spread so that the required number of garments is cut with the least possible fabric waste. Efficient marker making directly reduces material cost per garment.

Question 10Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

Which stitch class is formed by two or more groups of threads and is typically used for strong, stretchable seams in knitted garments and denim?

  1. Overlock stitch Correct answer.
  2. Chain stitch
  3. Basting stitch
  4. Blind hem stitch

Explanation

The overlock stitch uses multiple threads to wrap the fabric edge while joining it, producing a seam that stretches with knitted fabric and prevents fraying. It is widely used on T-shirts, hosiery and denim side seams.

Question 11Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A boutique receives a complaint that a batch of zippers opens during wear. Which quality check should have been performed on the trims before stitching?

  1. Colour fastness to perspiration
  2. Slider locking strength and pull test Correct answer.
  3. Shade matching of the fabric
  4. Fabric drape assessment

Explanation

Zipper performance depends on the slider locking mechanism and the strength of the pull, so these must be tested on the trims before bulk stitching. A slider that does not lock allows the chain to open under tension during wear.

Question 12Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

In apparel production, what is 'grading' of a pattern?

  1. Increasing or decreasing a base pattern to produce the full range of sizes Correct answer.
  2. Assigning a quality grade to finished garments
  3. Removing excess fabric from a stitched seam
  4. Sorting fabric rolls by shade

Explanation

Grading is the systematic enlargement and reduction of a base size pattern, following established increments, to create patterns for all sizes in a range. It preserves the fit and proportions designed in the base size.

Question 13Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

Which of the following best describes the role of a 'production planning and control' department in an apparel factory?

  1. Scheduling orders, allocating resources and monitoring progress to meet delivery dates Correct answer.
  2. Designing embroidery motifs for new collections
  3. Testing fibre composition in the laboratory
  4. Recruiting and training sewing operators

Explanation

Production planning and control decides what will be made, when and with which resources, then tracks actual output against the plan to keep delivery on schedule. It coordinates cutting, stitching and finishing so that bottlenecks do not delay shipment.

Question 14Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A garment exporter must comply with buyer requirements on child labour and safe working conditions. Which area of the business do these requirements belong to?

  1. Social compliance Correct answer.
  2. Colour management
  3. Fibre identification
  4. Marker efficiency

Explanation

Social compliance covers labour practices such as prohibition of child labour, fair wages, working hours and occupational safety, which international buyers audit before placing orders. It is distinct from technical and quality parameters.

Question 15Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

Which seam type is most suitable for joining two pieces of fabric where the raw edges are enclosed inside the seam and no overlocking is required?

  1. French seam Correct answer.
  2. Lapped seam
  3. Overlock seam
  4. Plain seam with raw edges

Explanation

A French seam encloses both raw edges inside a double-stitched fold, so no separate edge-finishing operation is needed. It is used on light fabrics such as voile and lingerie where a neat, clean finish is wanted.

Question 16Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A manufacturer of bed sheets wants to add a decorative, durable edge that will not fray after many washes. Which technique is most appropriate?

  1. Hemming with a double-folded edge Correct answer.
  2. Leaving a raw cut edge
  3. Basting the edge with a long stitch
  4. Pinking the raw edge only

Explanation

A double-folded hem encloses the raw edge twice and secures it with stitching, giving a durable finish that withstands repeated laundering. It is the standard finish for bed sheets and towels.

Question 17Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A fabric sample burns with a smell of burning paper, leaves a soft grey ash and continues to glow after the flame is removed. Which fibre is most likely present?

  1. Cotton Correct answer.
  2. Wool
  3. Nylon
  4. Polyester

Explanation

Cellulosic fibres such as cotton burn like paper, smell of burning paper, leave soft grey ash and continue to glow after the flame is removed. This behaviour distinguishes them from protein and synthetic fibres.

Question 18Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A factory plans to cut 500 shirts from a fabric spread. If marker efficiency is 80 percent and each shirt needs 1.5 square metres of fabric at 100 percent efficiency, what is the approximate fabric consumption per shirt?

  1. 2.400 square metres
  2. 1.500 square metres
  3. 1.875 square metres Correct answer.
  4. 1.200 square metres

Explanation

Consumption rises as efficiency falls, so divide the theoretical requirement by the efficiency: 1.5 ÷ 0.80 = 1.875 square metres per shirt. The 20 percent loss represents fabric left unused between pattern pieces and at the spread ends.

Question 19Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

An export order specifies a garment that must retain at least 95 percent of its original length after five home launderings. Which test result would lead a quality manager to reject the fabric lot?

  1. Shrinkage of 8 percent in length after five washes Correct answer.
  2. Colour change of grade 4-5 on the grey scale
  3. No change in seam strength after washing
  4. Shrinkage of 2 percent in length after five washes

Explanation

A shrinkage of 8 percent means only 92 percent of the original length remains, which fails the 95 percent retention requirement. The lot must therefore be rejected or given an additional shrinkage-control finish.

Question 20Introduction to Apparel, Made-Ups and Home Furnishing Sector

A start-up wants to produce cushion covers for the local market with low capital investment. Which production system is most appropriate for small, varied orders?

  1. A make-through system with small teams handling complete covers Correct answer.
  2. A progressive bundle system with long assembly lines
  3. A fully automated CAD-driven cutting line
  4. A large-scale dyeing and finishing plant

Explanation

A make-through system, in which a small team or single operator completes a whole item, suits small batches and frequent style changes because it needs little machinery and adapts quickly. Long assembly lines and automated plants require high volumes to be economical.

Question 21Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which natural fibre is obtained from the seed hair of a plant and is composed mainly of cellulose?

  1. Jute
  2. Silk
  3. Wool
  4. Cotton Correct answer.

Explanation

Cotton is a seed fibre harvested from the boll of the cotton plant and consists almost entirely of cellulose polymer chains. Wool and silk are animal protein fibres, while jute is a bast fibre from the plant stem, so only cotton fits the description.

Question 22Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A fabric sample burns with a smell of burning hair and leaves a crushable black ash. Which fibre is most likely present?

  1. Viscose
  2. Wool Correct answer.
  3. Cotton
  4. Polyester

Explanation

Protein fibres such as wool and silk release a smell of burning hair or feathers and form a crushable ash because they contain nitrogen and sulphur. Cellulosic fibres smell of burning paper, and synthetic polyester melts into a hard bead.

Question 23Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which term describes the process of twisting short staple fibres together to form a continuous yarn?

  1. Knitting
  2. Weaving
  3. Spinning Correct answer.
  4. Dyeing

Explanation

Spinning draws, drafts and twists staple fibres so that friction between the fibres holds them together as a continuous yarn. Weaving and knitting are fabric-forming operations, and dyeing is a colouration process.

Question 24Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

In a plain weave fabric, how do the warp and weft yarns interlace?

  1. Each warp yarn passes over two and under two weft yarns
  2. Warp yarns are looped around each other without weft
  3. Each warp yarn floats over four weft yarns to form a satin face
  4. Each warp yarn passes alternately over and under one weft yarn Correct answer.

Explanation

Plain weave is the simplest interlacing, with a one-up one-down sequence giving maximum firmness and the highest thread interlacing frequency. Two-over-two describes a twill, satin floats are much longer, and looping without weft describes knitting.

Question 25Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which property makes polyester popular for durable school uniforms and home furnishing covers?

  1. High moisture regain and cool handle
  2. Rapid burning with paper-like ash
  3. High strength with good wrinkle resistance Correct answer.
  4. Very low resistance to sunlight

Explanation

Polyester filament yarns give high tenacity and good elastic recovery, so fabrics resist creasing and hold their shape through repeated washing. Its low moisture regain is a limitation for comfort, but the strength and wrinkle resistance suit uniforms and furnishing covers.

Question 26Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

What is the standard unit used to express the linear density of a yarn in the tex system?

  1. Number of plies per inch
  2. Grams per 1000 metres Correct answer.
  3. Twists per centimetre
  4. Metres per gram

Explanation

Tex is a direct yarn numbering system defined as the mass in grams of 1000 metres of yarn. Metres per gram is an indirect count, while ply number and twist per centimetre describe structure rather than linear density.

Question 27Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which fibre is a regenerated cellulosic fibre produced by dissolving wood pulp and extruding it through spinnerets?

  1. Acrylic
  2. Nylon
  3. Viscose rayon Correct answer.
  4. Cotton

Explanation

Viscose rayon is made by treating cellulose pulp with sodium hydroxide and carbon disulphide to form a spinnable solution that is extruded into an acid bath. Nylon and acrylic are fully synthetic polymers, and cotton is a natural fibre.

Question 28Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which fabric structure is produced by interlacing yarns on a loom using warp and weft?

  1. Woven fabric Correct answer.
  2. Non-woven fabric
  3. Knitted fabric
  4. Braided cord

Explanation

Woven fabrics are made on a loom by interlacing lengthwise warp and crosswise weft yarns at right angles. Knitting uses interlocking loops, non-wovens are bonded fibre webs, and braiding diagonally intertwines yarns without warp and weft.

Question 29Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A student needs a yarn with high strength for sewing thread. Which yarn structure is most suitable?

  1. A slub yarn with thick and thin places
  2. A soft-spun single yarn with low twist
  3. A plied and twisted filament yarn Correct answer.
  4. A roving of untwisted fibres

Explanation

Plying two or more twisted strands balances the twist and raises strength, and continuous filament gives uniform tenacity, so a plied filament yarn is preferred for sewing thread. Low-twist singles, rovings and slubs are weak or irregular and would break at the needle.

Question 30Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which weave produces a fabric with a smooth, lustrous face and poor resistance to snagging because of long floats?

  1. Plain weave
  2. Satin weave Correct answer.
  3. Basket weave
  4. Rib weave

Explanation

Satin weave uses long floats so that one set of yarns covers the surface, giving lustre and a smooth handle but leaving floats that snag easily. Plain, basket and rib weaves have short, frequent interlacing and are firmer.

Question 31Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Why is combed cotton yarn smoother and stronger than carded cotton yarn of the same count?

  1. Combing increases the moisture regain of the cotton
  2. Combing removes short fibres and aligns the long fibres parallel Correct answer.
  3. Combing adds synthetic fibres to the cotton blend
  4. Combing reduces the twist needed to hold the yarn

Explanation

Combing passes the fibre fringe through combs that eliminate short fibres and neps and straighten the remaining long fibres. The resulting parallel, uniform fibre arrangement gives a smoother, stronger and more lustrous yarn than carding alone.

Question 32Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A label states a fabric is 100% cotton. Which care claim is most consistent with cotton's fibre properties?

  1. It has very low moisture regain and dries instantly
  2. It is highly elastic and recovers fully from stretching
  3. It absorbs moisture well but may shrink on first washing Correct answer.
  4. It melts at low iron temperature and forms a hard bead

Explanation

Cotton is hydrophilic cellulose with good absorbency, but relaxed cotton fabrics can shrink when first wetted because of swelling and release of spinning strains. Cotton does not melt, has moderate regain rather than very low, and has limited elasticity.

Question 33Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which yarn fault appears as a thick, lumpy place caused by a cluster of fibres and spoils the appearance of a woven fabric?

  1. Knot
  2. Snarl
  3. Nep
  4. Slub Correct answer.

Explanation

A slub is an abnormally thick place in a yarn, often from a cluster of fibres or a drafting fault, and it shows as a lump in the fabric. A nep is a small entangled fibre speck, a snarl is a twist loop, and a knot is a tied join.

Question 34Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Why are filament yarns generally smoother and more uniform than staple yarns?

  1. Filament yarns require no twist to hold together at all
  2. Filament yarns are always spun from carded cotton
  3. Filament yarns consist of continuous strands of indefinite length Correct answer.
  4. Filament yarns contain more short fibres that protrude

Explanation

Filament yarns are made from continuous strands extruded or reeled in long lengths, so they lack the fibre ends that give staple yarns their hairy, slightly irregular surface. Staple yarns need twist to bind short fibres, which adds bulk and irregularity.

Question 35Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

In a twill weave, what visual feature is produced on the fabric surface?

  1. Diagonal lines running across the cloth Correct answer.
  2. Raised diamond-shaped cells
  3. A pile of cut loops standing upright
  4. A smooth uniform surface with no direction

Explanation

Twill weave advances the interlacing point by one or more threads in each successive pick, creating a continuous diagonal line or wale on the surface. Plain weave is uniform, diamond cells belong to a dobby or honeycomb effect, and upright pile comes from a pile fabric.

Question 36Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A furnishing fabric must resist abrasion on seat covers. Which combination of fibre and structure is most suitable?

  1. A tightly woven polyester-cotton blend with high twist yarns Correct answer.
  2. A fine silk satin with long floats
  3. A loose plain-weave fabric of low-twist single yarns
  4. A soft bulky wool knit with loose loops

Explanation

A tight weave with high-twist blended yarns combines polyester strength with cotton body and resists abrasion and pilling on seats. Loose low-twist weaves, silk satin floats and loose wool knits abrade and snag quickly under friction.

Question 37Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which statement correctly distinguishes a direct yarn count from an indirect yarn count?

  1. Direct count rises with yarn thickness, while indirect count falls as yarn thickens Correct answer.
  2. Direct count falls with yarn thickness, while indirect count rises as yarn thickens
  3. Direct count measures twist and indirect count measures ply
  4. Both direct and indirect counts rise as yarn becomes finer

Explanation

In a direct system such as tex or denier, the number gives the mass per fixed length, so a thicker yarn has a higher number. In an indirect system such as cotton count, the number gives length per fixed mass, so a finer yarn has a higher number.

Question 38Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

What is the main reason mercerisation improves cotton fabric?

  1. It converts cotton into a protein fibre
  2. It swells the fibre and increases lustre and dye uptake Correct answer.
  3. It coats the fibre with a resin film
  4. It removes the cellulose from the fibre

Explanation

Treating cotton under tension with strong sodium hydroxide causes the fibre to swell and the cellulose chains to reorient, giving higher lustre, better strength and greater dye absorption. It does not add resin, remove cellulose or change the chemical nature to protein.

Question 39Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A knitted T-shirt stretches easily compared with a woven shirt. What structural reason explains this?

  1. Knitted yarns are always elastic filaments
  2. Woven fabrics contain fewer interlacing points
  3. Woven fabrics are made only from staple fibres
  4. Knitted loops can slide and open out under tension Correct answer.

Explanation

In a knitted structure the yarns form interlocking loops, and when tension is applied the loops straighten and move, allowing the fabric to extend. Woven fabrics have straight interlaced yarns that resist extension, which is why woven shirts feel firm.

Question 40Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which fibre blend is commonly chosen to combine the comfort of cotton with the strength and quick drying of polyester?

  1. Jute-viscose
  2. Polycotton Correct answer.
  3. Wool-silk
  4. Linen-ramie

Explanation

Polycotton blends cotton and polyester so that the cellulose component gives absorbency and comfort while polyester adds strength, crease recovery and quick drying. The other pairs do not combine cotton with polyester at all.

Question 41Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

During yarn formation, what happens if the draft is excessive for the fibre length being spun?

  1. The yarn becomes perfectly uniform throughout
  2. The twist multiplier falls to zero automatically
  3. The yarn becomes uneven with thin and thick places Correct answer.
  4. The fibre regain increases sharply

Explanation

Drafting controls fibre movement, and when the draft is too high for the fibre length, short fibres float and escape control, creating thick and thin places. Excessive draft therefore reduces evenness rather than improving it, and it does not set twist or regain.

Question 42Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A fabric is labelled as having a 2/60s cotton count yarn. What does this indicate?

  1. Two plies of 60s single yarn folded together Correct answer.
  2. Sixty plies of 2s single yarn
  3. A yarn with 60 twists per inch in two directions
  4. A yarn of 2 tex with 60 fibres per cross-section

Explanation

In the folded-yarn notation, the figure before the slash gives the number of plies and the figure after gives the count of each single yarn. Thus 2/60s means two strands of 60s cotton count twisted together.

Question 43Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Why does a satin-weave silk furnishing fabric tend to show wear more than a plain-weave fabric of the same silk?

  1. Satin weave uses weaker fibres than plain weave
  2. Long exposed floats take the abrasion while many yarns stay buried Correct answer.
  3. Plain weave has a looser structure with more air space
  4. Silk loses strength when woven in a satin order

Explanation

In satin weave the long floats stand proud of the surface, so the load of rubbing falls on relatively few yarns while the interlacing points remain protected underneath. Plain weave distributes abrasion over many short floats, giving more even wear resistance.

Question 44Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A spinner wants a yarn that is strong, has low twist, and shows good bulk for a soft furnishing throw. Which approach best meets all three aims?

  1. Use a fine combed yarn with maximum twist
  2. Use a filament yarn with zero twist and no plying
  3. Use a coarse rotor-spun yarn with low twist and a folded structure Correct answer.
  4. Use a single carded yarn with no twist

Explanation

A coarse rotor-spun yarn gives bulk, low twist keeps the handle soft, and folding adds the strength that low twist alone would lose. Fine high-twist yarns are strong but lean and hard, while zero-twist singles or filaments lack cohesion and strength.

Question 45Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Which reasoning best explains why viscose rayon fabrics lose strength markedly when wet?

  1. Water penetrates the amorphous regions and reduces hydrogen bonding between chains Correct answer.
  2. Water dissolves the cellulose chains completely
  3. Wet viscose becomes a thermoplastic melt
  4. Water adds sulphur that attacks the polymer

Explanation

Regenerated cellulose has a low degree of crystallinity, so water enters the amorphous regions and breaks the hydrogen bonds that hold chains together, lowering wet tenacity. The polymer is not dissolved, melted or chemically attacked by water in normal washing.

Question 46Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A furnishing fabric is described as having a 'balanced' plain weave. What does this mean for the warp and weft yarns?

  1. The warp and weft yarns have the same linear density and the same number of threads per unit length Correct answer.
  2. The warp yarns are all S-twist and the weft yarns are all Z-twist
  3. The fabric has equal amounts of two different fibre types in warp and weft
  4. The warp yarns are twice as thick as the weft yarns but are spaced twice as far apart

Explanation

In a balanced plain weave the two thread systems are equal in both count (linear density) and sett (ends and picks per unit length), so the crimp and the interlacing geometry are symmetrical. This gives similar cover and strength in warp and weft directions. A fabric with different yarn sizes or different setts is described as unbalanced, which shows as differences in crimp, handle and shrinkage between the two directions.

Question 47Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A student examines a fabric in which one set of yarns runs along the length and is crimped over and under the crosswise yarns at every intersection in a simple one-up, one-down order. Which structure is being described?

  1. A plain weave produced from warp and weft yarns Correct answer.
  2. A leno weave produced by doup healds
  3. A single jersey knit produced from a single yarn set
  4. A nonwoven produced by needle punching

Explanation

The plain weave is the simplest interlacing, in which each warp end passes alternately over and under each weft pick, giving maximum number of intersections and a firm, stable fabric. The description of two yarn sets crossing at right angles with one-up, one-down interlacing is the definition of plain weave. The high interlacing frequency explains its good dimensional stability and relatively low lustre.

Question 48Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A cotton yarn is described as 40s count in the indirect (English cotton) system. How does the fineness of a 60s yarn compare with it, and why?

  1. The 60s yarn is finer only if it has been combed, since combing reduces yarn diameter
  2. The two yarns are the same fineness, because both are cotton yarns of the same fibre type
  3. The 60s yarn is finer, because a higher indirect count means more length units per unit mass Correct answer.
  4. The 60s yarn is coarser, because a higher number means more fibres are packed into the yarn

Explanation

In an indirect count system the number expresses how many hanks of a fixed length are obtained from one pound of yarn, so a higher number means a finer yarn. A 60s cotton yarn therefore has more length per unit mass and a smaller diameter than a 40s yarn of the same fibre. In direct systems such as tex the relationship is reversed, with a higher number meaning a coarser yarn.

Question 49Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

A manufacturer wants a furnishing fabric with good abrasion resistance, firm handle and a clear diagonal line on the surface. Which weave and its associated property best meets this requirement?

  1. A 2/2 twill, which gives a firm fabric with good cover and a pronounced diagonal rib Correct answer.
  2. A plain weave, which gives the longest floats and therefore the smoothest face
  3. A leno weave, which gives the densest possible sett and a diagonal effect
  4. A 5-end satin, which gives the firmest surface because of its long floats

Explanation

A twill interlacing produces a fabric with a visible diagonal line, good cover and fewer interlacing points than plain weave, giving a firm but pliable cloth that resists abrasion reasonably well. A 2/2 twill is balanced and commonly used for upholstery and workwear. The diagonal effect comes from the progression of interlacing points across successive picks.

Question 50Textile Fibres, Yarns and Fabrics

Two plain-weave cotton fabrics have the same yarn count and the same sett, but one is made from carded yarn and the other from combed yarn. Which explanation best accounts for the combed fabric being stronger and smoother?

  1. Combing increases the linear density of the yarn, so more fibres are present in the cross-section
  2. Combing removes short fibres and aligns the remaining long fibres, so fewer fibre ends protrude and more fibres share the load Correct answer.
  3. Combing adds twist to the yarn, and higher twist alone makes the yarn stronger and smoother
  4. Combing applies a surface coating that glues protruding fibres to the yarn body

Explanation

Combing is a fibre-preparation process that removes short fibres and neps and parallelises the long fibres before spinning. The resulting yarn has fewer protruding fibre ends, so it feels smoother, and a higher proportion of long fibres contributes to strength because more fibres bear the load along the yarn. Carded yarn retains short fibres and gives a hairier, weaker yarn at the same count.