AP Intermediate History (BIEAP) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Harappan town planning

Indus cities used grid-aligned streets, standardised burnt bricks in 1:2:4 ratios, covered drainage, and citadel-plus-lower-town layouts, as seen at Mohenjo-daro and Harappa.

Arthashastra

Sanskrit treatise on statecraft attributed to Kautilya (Chanakya), adviser to Chandragupta Maurya; covers taxation, espionage, diplomacy and the seven elements of state.

Ashokan edicts

Inscriptions of Ashoka in Prakrit using Brahmi and Kharoshthi scripts, plus Greek and Aramaic versions, promoting Dhamma after the Kalinga war around 261 BCE.

Satavahana matronymics

Satavahana kings such as Gautamiputra and Vasishthiputra used metronymics, indicating the high status of mothers in royal succession and records.

Sangam literature

Early Tamil corpus including Tolkappiyam, Ettuthogai and Pattuppattu, describing Chera, Chola and Pandya society, trade with Rome, and poetic conventions.

Iqta system

Delhi Sultanate revenue assignment granting a muqti the right to collect land revenue from a territory in return for military service and administration.

Alauddin Khilji market control

Alauddin Khilji fixed prices of essential goods, controlled grain storage, used spies and daggers, and paid soldiers in cash to maintain a large army.

Krishnadevaraya

Tuluva dynasty ruler of Vijayanagara (1509–29) who wrote Amuktamalyada in Telugu, patronised the Ashtadiggajas, and fought the Battle of Raichur.

Talikota battle

1565 battle at Rakshasa-Tangadi where the allied Deccan Sultanates defeated Vijayanagara, leading to the sack of Hampi and imperial decline.

Mansabdari system

Mughal ranking system under Akbar assigning mansabdars a zat (personal rank) and sawar (cavalry) obligation, paid through jagirs or cash.

Zabti revenue system

Akbar's measured land-revenue system, also called Dahsala, fixing cash demand on surveyed produce over a ten-year average under Raja Todar Mal.

Dual Government of Bengal

Arrangement from 1765 to 1772 after Buxar, where the Company held revenue rights (diwani) while the Nawab retained criminal justice, weakening both.

Permanent Settlement 1793

Cornwallis's Bengal revenue system fixing zamindars as hereditary owners paying a fixed land revenue to the Company, with no periodic reassessment.

Dandi March

Gandhi's 1930 march from Sabarmati to Dandi to make salt, launching Civil Disobedience; ended with the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931.

Government of India Act 1935

British statute introducing provincial autonomy and an all-India federation with dyarchy at the centre; a major source of India's Constitution.

Azad Hind Fauj

Indian National Army reorganised by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1943 with Japanese support, fighting in Burma and Northeast India under the slogan 'Delhi Chalo'.

Amaravati Satavahana art

Amaravati stupa in Andhra Pradesh, built under Satavahanas, is famous for limestone relief panels with dynamic figures, influencing later South Indian sculpture.

Kakatiya dynasty

Telugu dynasty ruling from Orugallu (Warangal) between the 12th and 14th centuries, known for Rudrama Devi, irrigation tanks and the Ramappa temple.

Nagarjunakonda

Site in Andhra Pradesh named after Nagarjuna, with Ikshvaku-era Buddhist stupas, monasteries and inscriptions, now partly relocated due to a dam.

Potti Sriramulu

Andhra activist whose death after a hunger strike in 1952 accelerated creation of Andhra State in 1953, the first state formed on a linguistic basis.

Kuchipudi

Classical dance form from Kuchipudi village in Andhra Pradesh, blending dance, mime and drama, traditionally performed by male Brahmin troupes.

Renaissance humanism

Intellectual movement in 14th–17th century Europe emphasising classical learning, individual reason and secular subjects, shaping art, science and literature.

Glorious Revolution

1688 event in England that deposed James II in favour of William and Mary, followed by the Bill of Rights 1689 limiting royal power.

Treaty of Versailles

1919 settlement ending World War I, imposing reparations and territorial losses on Germany and creating the League of Nations and mandate system.

Non-Aligned Movement

Group of states formed formally at Belgrade in 1961, after the 1955 Bandung Conference, seeking independence from Cold War blocs under leaders like Nehru and Nasser.

Jajmani system

Traditional Indian village system of hereditary patron-client exchange of goods and services between castes, studied by W.H. Wiser and criticised as exploitative.

Sanskritisation

Concept coined by M.N. Srinivas describing lower castes adopting customs, rituals and diet of higher castes to improve social status over generations.

Ramappa temple

Kakatiya-era temple in Palampet, Telangana, known for its floating bricks and carved pillars, inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2021.

Article 32

Constitutional right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights, called the heart and soul of the Constitution by Ambedkar.

GST Council

Constitutional body under Article 279A, created by the 101st Amendment, recommending tax rates and rules for goods and services across India.

Paris Agreement 2015

UN climate treaty committing parties to keep global warming well below 2°C, pursue 1.5°C, and submit nationally determined contributions.

Panchsheel

Five principles of peaceful coexistence signed by India and China in 1954, covering sovereignty, non-aggression, non-interference, equality and peaceful settlement.