BSCB Clerk key terms

A reasoning method where conclusions are drawn from two or more given statements treated as true, using rules of distribution and possibility rather than real-world knowledge.

A technique for solving syllogism and set-based questions by drawing overlapping circles to show relationships between groups and checking which conclusions must always hold.

In syllogisms, a conclusion stated with 'can be' or 'possible' that is treated as true unless it directly contradicts the given statements.

A reasoning question that describes family links through statements or coded symbols, requiring you to identify how two named people are related.

A question where symbols such as @, #, $ stand for comparison signs like greater than or equal to, and you must decide which of several conclusions follows.

A puzzle placing people in a row or around a circle facing inward or outward, solved by fixing one position and applying the given positional clues step by step.

A broader category covering floor, box, day-of-week and scheduling puzzles where multiple attributes must be matched to people using combined clues.

A reasoning question showing a sequence of steps in which numbers or words are rearranged by a fixed rule, asking you to predict a later step or the final output.

A sequence mixing letters, digits and symbols, where you count, compare or rearrange elements according to conditions such as 'how many digits are immediately preceded by a symbol'.

A question where words or letters are converted into a code by a rule such as shifting letters or substituting symbols, and you must decode a new word using the same rule.

A reasoning problem tracking movement north, south, east and west, often with turns, to find final distance or direction using Pythagoras on the resulting right triangle.

A question giving a problem plus two or three statements, where you must judge whether the data supplied is enough to answer, without actually computing the answer.

A set of questions based on a table, bar graph, pie chart or line graph, requiring calculation of totals, percentages, ratios and averages from the given figures.

A shortcut skill of rounding numbers to convenient values so a calculation can be matched to the nearest given option quickly, without exact computation.

A question testing correct order of operations on a long expression involving brackets, powers, roots and the four basic operations, usually solved with BODMAS.

A sequence of numbers following a hidden pattern such as a constant difference, growing difference, squares or a mixed operation, where you find the missing or wrong term.

A comparison question giving two equations in x and y, asking you to solve both and decide the relationship between the two variables from the given options.

Interest calculated only on the original principal for the whole period, using the formula principal multiplied by rate multiplied by time, divided by one hundred.

Interest calculated on both the principal and previously earned interest, so the amount grows each period; it exceeds simple interest whenever the period is more than one year.

A fraction expressed out of one hundred, used heavily in profit and loss, discount, interest and data interpretation problems to compare quantities on a common scale.

A comparison of two quantities by division, and an equation stating two ratios are equal; used to divide amounts, mix solutions and solve partnership problems.

A topic measuring how long people or machines take to finish a task together, using the idea that one day's work equals the reciprocal of the total days needed.

A variation of time and work where inlet pipes fill a tank and outlet pipes empty it; filling rates are added and emptying rates subtracted to find the net time.

The rule that a verb must match its subject in number and person, so a singular subject takes a singular verb even when phrases sit between them.

A question presenting a sentence divided into parts where you identify the part containing a grammatical, spelling or usage error, or confirm that none exists.

A short word such as in, on, at, of or to that links a noun or pronoun to another word and shows relations of place, time or direction.

A fixed group of words whose meaning cannot be understood from the individual words, such as 'at the eleventh hour', tested for correct usage in sentences.

A passage with blanks, each to be filled by the option that fits the sentence grammatically and suits the overall meaning and tone of the paragraph.

A passage followed by questions on its main idea, specific details, inferred meaning and the tone or purpose of the author.

A set of sentences given out of order that must be rearranged into a coherent paragraph by spotting opening sentences, connectors and logical flow.

The rate at which the Reserve Bank of India lends short-term funds to commercial banks against securities; raising it generally makes borrowing costlier and curbs inflation.

The rate at which the Reserve Bank of India absorbs surplus liquidity from banks by borrowing from them; it usually sits below the repo rate.

The share of a bank's net demand and time liabilities that must be kept as cash with the Reserve Bank of India, earning no interest.

The minimum portion of net demand and time liabilities a bank must hold in safe liquid assets such as government securities, cash or gold, in addition to cash reserves.

The minimum interest rate below which a bank is not permitted to lend, calculated from its cost of funds, negative carry and operating expenses.

A loan or advance on which principal or interest has remained overdue for more than ninety days, requiring the bank to make provisions against possible loss.

A Reserve Bank of India mandate requiring banks to direct a minimum share of credit to agriculture, micro enterprises, weaker sections, education and housing.

The part of an economy that produces raw materials directly from nature, covering agriculture, fishing, forestry and mining.

The part of an economy that transforms raw materials into finished goods, covering manufacturing, construction and processing industries.

The service part of an economy, including banking, insurance, transport, trade, education and health, which contributes the largest share of India's GDP.

The volatile working memory of a computer where programs and data in active use are held; its contents are lost when power is switched off.

Non-volatile memory holding firmware such as the boot instructions, whose contents are retained when the computer is switched off and normally cannot be rewritten.

System software that manages hardware, memory, files and processes and provides the interface through which a user runs applications.

The full address of a resource on the internet, giving the protocol, domain name and path, such as the text typed into a browser's address bar.

Hardware or software that inspects incoming and outgoing network traffic and blocks it according to set rules, protecting a system from unauthorised access.

Any software written to harm or gain unauthorised access to a system, including viruses, worms, trojans, spyware and ransomware.

A fraud in which messages or fake websites imitate a trusted bank or service to trick a user into revealing passwords, card numbers or one-time passwords.

A bank owned and run by its members on cooperative principles, registered under state cooperative societies law and serving local credit needs in urban and rural areas.

The smallest unit of the short-term cooperative credit structure, a village-level society of members that provides crop loans and collects deposits locally.

The mandatory process by which a bank verifies a customer's identity and address through documents before opening an account or allowing transactions.

Laws and procedures requiring banks to detect and report suspicious transactions and maintain records so that proceeds of crime cannot be disguised as legitimate funds.

A document such as a cheque, bill of exchange or promissory note that promises or orders payment and can be transferred by delivery or endorsement.

A clearing process in which an image of a cheque, rather than the paper itself, is sent electronically between banks, speeding up settlement.

The total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders during a given period, used to measure economic size.

The gap between the government's total expenditure and its total receipts excluding borrowings, showing how much it must borrow in a financial year.

The actions of a central bank to manage money supply and credit cost, chiefly through policy rates, to control inflation and support growth.

A sustained rise in the general price level, which reduces the purchasing power of money and is commonly tracked through the consumer price index.