BPSC Special Teacher flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Bihar Diwas

Observed on 22 March, it marks the 1912 separation of Bihar from Bengal. Bihar was earlier administered within the Bengal Presidency during British rule.

Kosi River nickname

The Kosi is called the 'sorrow of Bihar' because it shifts course and floods widely across north Bihar, depositing silt and changing channels.

Article 280

Article 280 provides for a Finance Commission, constituted every five years, to recommend distribution of taxes between the Union and states.

Compound interest formula

Compound interest uses A = P(1 + R/100)^T, where P is principal, R the annual rate and T the time in years. Amount minus principal gives interest.

Sector area

The area of a sector equals (θ/360) × πr², where θ is the central angle in degrees and r is the radius of the circle.

Average speed, equal distances

When equal distances are covered at speeds x and y, average speed is 2xy/(x + y), not the arithmetic mean of the two speeds.

LCM and HCF relation

For two positive integers, LCM × HCF equals the product of the numbers. This lets you find one value when the other three are known.

Ohm's law

Ohm's law states V = IR: voltage across a conductor equals current multiplied by resistance, provided temperature and other conditions stay constant.

Universal donor blood group

O negative red cells are called the universal donor because they lack A, B and Rh D antigens, so recipients rarely react to them.

Mitochondria function

Mitochondria generate most cellular ATP through aerobic respiration. They are called the powerhouse of the cell and have their own DNA.

Photosynthesis equation

Six carbon dioxide molecules plus six water molecules, using light energy and chlorophyll, produce one glucose molecule and six oxygen molecules.

Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties are listed in Article 51A, Part IVA, added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

Dandi March

In 1930 Gandhi marched to Dandi on the Gujarat coast to make salt, defying the British salt law and launching the Civil Disobedience Movement.

IST meridian

Indian Standard Time is based on the 82°30′E longitude passing near Mirzapur, making IST 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

73rd Amendment

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment, 1992, gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj with three tiers and reserved seats for women and marginalised groups.

दीर्घ संधि

जब संधि में ह्रस्व या दीर्घ स्वर के बाद उसी वर्ग का स्वर आता है तो दोनों मिलकर दीर्घ हो जाते हैं, जैसे विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय।

बहुव्रीहि समास

जिस समास में दोनों पद मिलकर किसी तीसरे अर्थ का बोध कराते हैं, उसे बहुव्रीहि कहते हैं, जैसे दशानन अर्थात् रावण।

Passive voice formation

The passive is formed with a form of 'be' plus the past participle, and the object of the active sentence becomes the subject.

Sanskrit vibhakti count

Sanskrit nouns decline in eight cases, called vibhaktis, across three numbers: singular, dual and plural, and three genders.

Vygotsky's ZPD

The Zone of Proximal Development is the distance between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance from a more capable person.

Piaget's conservation

Conservation is the understanding that quantity stays the same despite changes in appearance. It typically emerges in the concrete operational stage, ages seven to eleven.

Formative assessment

Formative assessment happens during teaching to give feedback and adjust instruction. It is diagnostic and low-stakes, unlike summative end-of-unit testing.

Kohlberg conventional level

At Kohlberg's conventional level, moral judgement is guided by social approval and maintaining law and order rather than by punishment or abstract principles.

CRA sequence

Concrete–Representational–Abstract is a mathematics teaching sequence moving from physical manipulatives to drawings to symbols and algorithms.

5E instructional model

The 5E model sequences a science lesson through Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate and Evaluate, placing student inquiry before teacher explanation.

LSRW order

Language skills are usually developed in the order listening, speaking, reading and writing, with oral comprehension preceding formal reading and writing instruction.

RPwD Act 2016

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 lists 21 specified disabilities and requires inclusive education, reasonable accommodation and barrier-free access.

Dyscalculia

Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability affecting number sense, arithmetic facts and calculation, occurring despite normal intelligence and adequate instruction.

Universal Design for Learning

UDL is a planning framework offering multiple means of representation, engagement and expression so varied learners can access the same curriculum.

Negative reinforcement

Negative reinforcement increases a behaviour by removing an unpleasant stimulus, for example excusing a class from homework after sustained on-task work.

Bloom's revised taxonomy

The revised Bloom's taxonomy orders cognitive objectives as Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyse, Evaluate and Create, replacing the older knowledge-to-evaluation sequence.

Reliability versus validity

Reliability is consistency of scores across occasions or forms; validity is whether a test measures the intended construct. A test may be reliable yet invalid.