AP SSC Odia (First Language) flashcards

35 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Fakir Mohan Senapati

Father of Odia novel; wrote 'Chha Mana Atha Guntha' (first Odia novel) and 'Rebati' (first Odia short story). His prose is realistic and satirical.

Chha Mana Atha Guntha

Novel by Fakir Mohan Senapati depicting feudal exploitation; central character Mangaraj is a cunning village head whose misdeeds lead to downfall.

Rebati theme

Fakir Mohan's short story 'Rebati' critiques social orthodoxy; a young girl's desire for education is crushed by superstition and patriarchy.

Mangaraj character

Antagonist in 'Chha Mana Atha Guntha'; oppressive, greedy, manipulative village head; represents abuse of power and karma.

Upendra Bhanja

Riti yuga poet (c. 1688–1740); known for ornate poetry like 'Baidehisa Bilasa' and 'Labanyabati'; master of yamaka and alliteration.

Kabi Surya

Title of Baladeba Ratha (1789–1845), Odia devotional poet; wrote 'Keshaba Bali' and 'Keshaba Koili', known for lyrical Krishna bhakti.

Gopabandhu Das

Patriotic Odia poet (1877–1928); wrote 'Bandira Atma Katha' and 'Dharmapada'; poetry blends nationalism, compassion, and social reform.

Upama

Simile in Odia poetics; compares two unlike things using words like 'like' or 'as' (e.g., 'face like the moon').

Rupaka

Metaphor in Odia; direct identification of one thing with another without using 'like/as' (e.g., 'he is a lion').

Anuprasa

Alliteration; repetition of initial consonant sounds in nearby words for musical effect in poetry.

Atisayokti

Hyperbole; deliberate exaggeration for emphasis or effect, not meant to be taken literally.

Yamaka

Repetition of the same word or syllable with different meanings in a verse; a hallmark of Riti yuga ornate poetry.

Extensive reading

Reading supplementary texts for overall understanding and pleasure; focuses on main idea, character, and theme rather than detailed grammar.

Story map

Graphic organizer listing characters, setting, conflict, climax, resolution; helps comprehend and summarize a narrative.

Central idea

The main point or message of a passage; often stated in the topic sentence or inferred from the whole text.

Swara sandhi

Vowel junction in Odia grammar; rules include dirgha (a+ā→ā), guna (a+i→e), and vriddhi (a+e→ai).

Samasa

Compound word in Odia; types include tatpurusha, karmadharaya, dvigu, dvandva, bahuvrihi, and avyayibhava.

Karaka

Semantic role of a noun in a sentence: karta (agent), karma (object), karana (instrument), sampradana (recipient), apadana (source), adhikarana (location).

Vibhakti

Case ending in Odia; eight cases: prathama (nominative) to sambodhana (vocative), each with specific suffixes.

Active to passive

Transformation: object becomes subject; verb becomes past participle with auxiliary; agent takes instrumental case (e.g., 'by him').

Bahuvrihi samasa

Possessive compound; the compound denotes a person or thing possessing the quality (e.g., 'lotus-eyed' = one with lotus eyes).

Dvandva samasa

Copulative compound; members are joined by 'and' and together denote both (e.g., 'father and son').

Samanartha

Synonym; a word with the same or nearly same meaning as another (e.g., 'sukha' and 'ananda' both mean happiness).

Viloma

Antonym; a word opposite in meaning to another (e.g., 'daya' kindness vs. 'nishthurata' cruelty).

Lagani

Idiom; a fixed expression with figurative meaning (e.g., 'hata mariba' = to slap, not literally strike).

Prabada

Proverb; a short traditional saying conveying wisdom (e.g., 'andhara ghare diya jale' = light in a dark house).

Upasarga

Prefix in Odia word formation; added to a root to modify meaning (e.g., 'a-' + 'jana' = 'ajana' unknown).

Main idea

The central point of a passage; often found in the first or last sentence and supported by details throughout.

Inference

A conclusion drawn from evidence in the text but not explicitly stated; requires reading between the lines.

Context clue

Information in surrounding text that helps determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word, such as definition, contrast, or example.

Precis

A concise summary of a passage, about one-third its length, in your own words, retaining the main idea and including a title.

Formal letter

Official letter with sender's address, date, receiver's address, subject, salutation, body, and closing; uses polite, standard language.

Sarala Das

15th-century Odia poet called 'Adikabi'; wrote Odia Mahabharata, Ramayana, and Bhagabata, pioneering vernacular literature.

Panchasakha

Five 16th-century Odia devotional poets: Balarama Das, Jagannatha Das, Achyutananda Das, Ananta Das, and Jasobanta Das.

Charyapada

Earliest known mystical songs (8th–12th century) in proto-Odia/Bengali-Assamese; Buddhist Sahajiya heritage.