Translation: Arabic to Hindi/Urdu and Vice Versa
Principle: translate meaning, not word slots
Arabic-to-Hindi/Urdu and Hindi/Urdu-to-Arabic translation in this paper tests whether the candidate can carry over meaning, tense, gender, number and register without leaving Arabic word order in the target language. A good answer reads naturally in the target language and preserves the original's information.
Core rules
- Split long Arabic sentences at connectors such as و، ثم، لأن، لكن; in Hindi/Urdu, use commas and natural clause order.
- Render أن + present verb as an infinitive or a 'that' clause: أحب أن أقرأ = मुझे पढ़ना पसंद है / مجھے پڑھنا پسند ہے.
- Arabic إضافة usually becomes a possessive or compound: كتاب الطالب = छात्र की किताब / طالب علم کی کتاب.
- Keep negation, condition and exception words: لا، لم، لن، إن، إلا.
- Do not transliterate common nouns; use the standard Hindi/Urdu equivalent. Keep proper names in accepted form.
- For Hindi/Urdu to Arabic, decide the sentence type first: nominal for definitions, verbal for actions.
Worked example
Arabic: أحب أن أقرأ القرآن في الصباح. Hindi: मुझे सुबह क़ुरआन पढ़ना पसंद है। Urdu: مجھے صبح قرآن پڑھنا پسند ہے۔ Reasoning: أحب literally means 'I love', but with أن + مضارع it expresses liking to do something. في الصباح is an adverbial of time, placed before the infinitive in Hindi/Urdu for naturalness. القرآن is the object of أقرأ, not of أحب.
Traps
Do not translate أن as 'that' every time; Hindi/Urdu often prefers an infinitive. Do not drop في and turn 'in the morning' into 'the morning'. Do not confuse أحب (like) with أحبّ (love intensely) in a way that distorts register. Do not leave Arabic plural agreement in Hindi/Urdu. Check script, matras and Urdu spelling after writing.