Haryana BSEH Secondary NSQF Healthcare flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Sub-centre population norm

The first rural contact point in India's public health system, serving about 5,000 people in plains and 3,000 in hilly or tribal areas, staffed mainly by an ANM and MPW.

Primordial prevention

Prevention that targets social, economic and lifestyle conditions before risk factors develop, such as promoting healthy diets and physical activity in whole communities.

Anatomical position

The standard reference posture: standing erect, face forward, arms at the sides with palms facing forward and feet together. All directional terms are defined relative to it.

Axial skeleton

The central bony framework of 80 bones comprising the skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum, which protects the brain, spinal cord and thoracic organs.

Chain of infection

Six sequential links: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry and susceptible host. Breaking any single link interrupts transmission.

Yellow bag biomedical waste

Category for human and animal anatomical waste, soiled dressings, expired or discarded medicines and cytotoxic waste, disposed by incineration or deep burial per rules.

Fowler's position

A sitting-up position with the head of the bed raised 45 to 60 degrees and knees slightly flexed, used to ease breathing and for feeding patients.

Braden scale

A risk assessment tool scoring six factors - sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition and friction/shear - to predict pressure ulcer risk in immobile patients.

Normal adult pulse rate

A resting heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute in adults. Count for a full minute when the rhythm is irregular to obtain an accurate rate.

Korotkoff sounds

Sounds heard through the stethoscope while deflating a blood pressure cuff. The first sound marks systolic pressure and the disappearance of sound marks diastolic.

Adult CPR compression depth

Chest compressions for adults should be 5 to 6 centimetres deep at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute, allowing full chest recoil between compressions.

Recovery position

A lateral side-lying position for an unconscious but breathing patient, with the head tilted back and chin up, to keep the airway open while awaiting help.

Kwashiorkor

A form of severe protein-energy malnutrition marked by oedema, low serum albumin, moon face and skin changes, usually in children after weaning.

Basal metabolic rate

The energy in kilocalories the body uses at complete rest to maintain breathing, circulation, temperature and cell function, measured under standard conditions.

SOAP note

A structured documentation format recording Subjective complaints, Objective findings and measurements, Assessment or interpretation, and the Plan of care and follow-up.

NPO

An abbreviation meaning nothing by mouth. The patient receives no food, fluids or oral medicines, usually before surgery or certain investigations.

Informed consent

A patient's voluntary agreement to a procedure after receiving adequate information about its purpose, risks, benefits and alternatives, documented in the record.

Needlestick injury first aid

Wash the wound with soap and running water without squeezing it, report immediately to the infection control authority, and follow post-exposure prophylaxis guidance.

Aseptic technique

Practices that keep equipment and the clinical field free of microorganisms, including hand hygiene, sterile gloves, sterile drapes and avoiding contact with non-sterile surfaces.

Five rights of medication

The checks before giving any medicine: right patient, right drug, right dose, right route and right time, with documentation afterwards.

Health and Wellness Centre

The Ayushman Bharat primary care component upgrading sub-centres and PHCs to deliver comprehensive primary care including screening for non-communicable diseases.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs at the end of bronchioles where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves; they are the only site of gas exchange in the lungs.

Autoclave sterilisation

Sterilisation using saturated steam under pressure, typically 121 degrees Celsius at 15 psi for 15 to 20 minutes, which kills all microorganisms including bacterial spores.

Intake-output charting

A record of all fluids taken in orally, by tube or intravenously, and all fluids lost as urine, vomit, drainage or liquid stool, used to assess fluid balance.

Pulse oximetry

A non-invasive method using light absorption to estimate arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2). Values below 90 percent indicate significant hypoxaemia needing urgent attention.

Heimlich manoeuvre

Abdominal thrusts given to a conscious choking adult or child after five back blows, to force air from the lungs and expel the obstructing object.

Marasmus

Severe protein-energy malnutrition caused by overall deficiency of energy and protein, showing extreme wasting, loss of subcutaneous fat and muscle, without oedema.

Therapeutic diet

A diet modified in consistency, energy, protein, salt, fibre or specific nutrients to treat a condition such as diabetes, hypertension or kidney disease.

SBAR handover

A structured communication tool covering Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation, used to report a patient's condition clearly during handover or escalation.

Beneficence

The ethical principle of acting in the patient's best interest, providing care that benefits the patient and balances benefit against potential harm.

Standard precautions

Infection control measures applied to every patient regardless of diagnosis: hand hygiene, gloves, gown, mask and eye protection as needed, and safe sharps handling.

Biomedical waste segregation

Separating waste at the point of generation into colour-coded containers - yellow, red, white and blue - so each category is treated and disposed of correctly.