BSSC Office Attendant cheat sheet

Indian Constitution: adopted 26 November 1949, came into force 26 January 1950; Dr B. R. Ambedkar chaired the Drafting Committee.

Fundamental Rights sit in Part III (Articles 12-35); Directive Principles in Part IV (Articles 36-51); Fundamental Duties in Part IVA (Article 51A, added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976).

Constitutional posts: President elected by an electoral college of elected MPs and elected MLAs; Vice-President elected by both Houses of Parliament only; Governor appointed by the President.

National symbols: national bird Indian peacock, national animal Bengal tiger, national flower lotus, national fruit mango, national river Ganga (declared 2008).

Space and defence current affairs: ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 soft-landed near the lunar south pole on 23 August 2023; Aditya-L1 is the solar observatory mission.

International groupings to keep straight: G20, BRICS, SCO, ASEAN, QUAD; India hosted the G20 Leaders' Summit in New Delhi in September 2023.

Indian economy basics: RBI founded 1935, nationalised 1949, headquartered in Mumbai; NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission on 1 January 2015.

Awards and institutions: Bharat Ratna is India's highest civilian award; Jnanpith for literature; Dronacharya for coaches; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre is at Trombay, Mumbai.

SI units: force in newton (N), pressure in pascal (Pa), work and energy in joule (J), power in watt (W), frequency in hertz (Hz).

Newton's laws: a body stays at rest or in uniform motion unless a net force acts; F = ma; every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Human body facts: normal adult haemoglobin about 12-16 g/dL, blood pH about 7.4, 206 bones in the adult skeleton, 32 teeth in a full adult set.

Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2, occurring in chloroplasts; chlorophyll absorbs mainly red and blue light.

Percentage and profit: profit% = (SP - CP)/CP x 100; discount% is always calculated on marked price; successive discounts of a% and b% equal a + b - ab/100.

Simple and compound interest: SI = PRT/100; CI amount = P(1 + R/100)^T; for two years CI exceeds SI by P(R/100)^2.

Speed, time, distance: distance = speed x time; to convert km/h to m/s multiply by 5/18; average speed for equal distances = 2xy/(x+y).

Averages and ratios: average = sum/count; if a quantity is split in ratio a:b, shares are total x a/(a+b) and total x b/(a+b).

LCM-HCF rule: LCM x HCF = product of the two numbers; HCF of fractions = HCF of numerators / LCM of denominators.

स्वर 11 और व्यंजन 33 माने जाते हैं; वर्णमाला में कुल 44 वर्ण गिने जाते हैं (अनुनासिक-अनुस्वार सहित भेद परीक्षा में स्पष्ट रूप से पूछे जाते हैं)।

संधि: स्वर संधि (दो स्वरों का मेल), व्यंजन संधि, विसर्ग संधि। उदाहरण: विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय (दीर्घ संधि)।

समास के भेद: तत्पुरुष (अंतिम पद प्रधान), द्वंद्व (दोनों पद प्रधान), बहुव्रीहि (तीसरा अर्थ प्रधान), कर्मधारय (विशेषण-विशेष्य), द्विगु (संख्यावाची)।

उपसर्ग अर्थ बदलते हैं: अनु (पीछे/समान), अधि (ऊपर), अप (बुरा), प्रति (ओर), वि (विशेष)। प्रत्यय दो प्रकार के: कृत् और तद्धित।

कारक और विभक्ति चिह्न: कर्ता ने, कर्म को, करण से/के द्वारा, संप्रदान के लिए, अपादान से (अलग होना), अधिकरण में/पर।

मुहावरे अर्थ सहित याद करें: आँख का तारा (बहुत प्यारा), नौ दो ग्यारह होना (भाग जाना), ईद का चाँद (बहुत दिनों बाद दिखना), अंधे की लाठी (एकमात्र सहारा)।

विलोम-पर्यायवाची: पर्यायवाची में शब्द के अनेक समानार्थी रूप आते हैं; विलोम में विपरीत अर्थ। उदाहरण: दिन का विलोम रात, जल के पर्यायवाची पानी, नीर, वारि।

वाक्य शुद्धि और वर्तनी पर ध्यान दें: संधि-विच्छेद, वचन और लिंग का अनुरूपण, तथा 'कि' और 'की' का सही प्रयोग।

Number series: check differences first, then ratios, then squares/cubes plus a constant; alternating series often split into odd and even positions.

Coding-decoding: find the shift pattern per letter (e.g., +1, +2, +3) or reverse alphabet position (A=1 ... Z=26); apply the same rule to the target word.

Blood relations: draw a family tree using symbols; 'mother's brother' = maternal uncle, 'father's sister' = aunt, 'sister's son' = nephew.

Direction sense: fix north as up; right turn from north is east; use Pythagoras for shortest distance, e.g., 3 km and 4 km perpendicular gives 5 km.

Clock: minute hand gains 5.5 degrees per minute on the hour hand; hands coincide 11 times in 12 hours; angle = |30H - 5.5M| degrees.

Calendar: an ordinary year shifts the weekday by 1, a leap year by 2; 100 years give 5 odd days, 200 give 3, 300 give 1, 400 give 0.

Syllogism: use Venn diagrams; a conclusion is valid only if it holds in every possible diagram consistent with the statements.

Series and analogy: alphabetical position pairs (A-Z, B-Y) sum to 27; in letter series convert letters to numbers to expose the pattern.

Ranking: if a person is nth from the left and mth from the right, total = n + m - 1; overlapping counts require subtracting the common part.

Bihar shares borders with Nepal (north), Uttar Pradesh (west), Jharkhand (south), and West Bengal (east); capital Patna, formerly Pataliputra.

Rivers: Ganga flows eastward through the state; Son, Gandak, Kosi, Bagmati, Punpun and Falgu are major tributaries; the Kosi is known as the 'sorrow of Bihar' for its shifting course and floods.

Ancient history: Magadha kingdom, the Mauryan capital Pataliputra, Nalanda and Vikramshila universities, and Bodh Gaya where the Buddha attained enlightenment.

Bihar Day is observed on 22 March, marking the separation of Bihar from the Bengal Presidency in 1912; Bihar was a part of Bengal Presidency before that.

Culture: Chhath Puja (worship of the setting and rising sun), Madhubani painting, Sujani embroidery of Bhusra, and Jat-Jatin folk dance of the Mithila region.

Folk and classical links: Jayaprakash Narayan led the 1974 student movement; Bihar is the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh (Patna) and of the poet Vidyapati.

Government schemes to know: Mukhyamantri Kanya Utthan Yojana, Cycle Yojana for schoolgirls, Jal-Jeevan-Hariyali, and Bihar Student Credit Card for higher education.

Geography facts: Bihar is India's third most populous state; it is landlocked and lies in the fertile Gangetic plain; Valmiki National Park and Tiger Reserve is in West Champaran.

Agriculture and economy: rice, wheat, maize and sugarcane dominate; Bihar is a leading producer of litchi (Muzaffarpur) and makhana (fox nuts, Mithila region).