CGPSC ACF/FRO flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Chhattisgarh Formation Day

Chhattisgarh was formed on 1 November 2000 under the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000, becoming the 26th state of India with Raipur as its capital.

Mahanadi River Origin

The Mahanadi River originates near Sihawa in the Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh and flows east through Odisha before draining into the Bay of Bengal.

Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties are listed in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution, added by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976, and currently number eleven.

Champion and Seth Classification

Champion and Seth (1968) classified Indian forests into 16 major forest types, including tropical dry deciduous, tropical moist deciduous, and tropical thorn forests.

Site Index

Site index is a measure of forest site quality based on the height of dominant trees at a specified reference age, used to compare productivity across stands.

Joint Forest Management

Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a participatory approach formalised in India in 1990, where village communities share forest produce in return for protecting and managing nearby forests.

Project Tiger

Project Tiger was launched in India in 1973 to conserve tigers and their habitats through protected areas and scientific management; it is administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority.

Kanger Valley National Park

Kanger Valley National Park is located in the Bastar district of Chhattisgarh and is known for limestone caves, biodiversity, and the rare hill myna.

IUCN Red List Categories

The IUCN Red List classifies species as Extinct, Extinct in the Wild, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern, Data Deficient, or Not Evaluated.

Biodiversity Hotspots in India

India has four biodiversity hotspots: the Western Ghats, the Eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma, and Sundaland (including the Nicobar Islands).

Biological Diversity Act, 2002

The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 establishes the National Biodiversity Authority, State Biodiversity Boards, and Biodiversity Management Committees to regulate access to biological resources and ensure benefit sharing.

Air Quality Index Categories

India's AQI has six categories: Good (0–50), Satisfactory (51–100), Moderate (101–200), Poor (201–300), Very Poor (301–400), and Severe (401–500).

Eutrophication

Eutrophication is the enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, leading to algal blooms, oxygen depletion, and loss of aquatic life.

Environmental Impact Assessment

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process under the EIA Notification, 2006, that evaluates the likely environmental effects of proposed projects before approval.

Paris Agreement

The Paris Agreement is a global climate treaty adopted in 2015 under the UNFCCC, aiming to limit global warming to well below 2°C and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C.

Ecological Succession

Ecological succession is the gradual process by which the species composition of an ecosystem changes over time, from pioneer species to a stable climax community.

Global Warming Potential

Global Warming Potential (GWP) measures the heat-trapping ability of a greenhouse gas relative to carbon dioxide over a specified period, usually 100 years.

Kharif Cropping Season

The Kharif season in India runs from June to October, coinciding with the monsoon; major crops include rice, maize, soybean, and cotton.

Soil pH

Soil pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of soil on a scale of 0 to 14; most crops grow best at pH 6.0–7.5, and lime is used to raise acidic soil pH.

Integrated Nutrient Management

Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) combines organic manures, chemical fertilisers, and biofertilisers to maintain soil fertility and crop productivity sustainably.

Prismatic Compass

A prismatic compass is a surveying instrument used to measure magnetic bearings of lines; local attraction is detected by comparing fore and back bearings.

Contour Lines

Contour lines on a map connect points of equal elevation; closely spaced contours indicate steep slopes, while widely spaced contours indicate gentle slopes.

Tendu Leaf

Tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon) leaves are an important non-timber forest product used for wrapping bidis; collection provides livelihood to many forest communities in Chhattisgarh.

Indian Forest Act, 1927

The Indian Forest Act, 1927, empowers state governments to declare reserved, protected, and village forests, and regulates the transit and possession of forest produce.

Forest Rights Act, 2006

The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, recognises individual and community forest rights, with Gram Sabhas initiating claims.

National Forest Policy, 1988

The National Forest Policy, 1988, aims to maintain environmental stability and biodiversity, setting a target of 33% forest and tree cover for India.

Binomial Nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming species with two Latinised names-genus and species-introduced by Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century.

Kranz Anatomy

Kranz anatomy is a specialised leaf structure in C4 plants, with bundle sheath cells surrounding vascular bundles, enabling efficient photosynthesis in hot, dry conditions.

Hill Myna

The hill myna (Gracula religiosa) is the state bird of Chhattisgarh, known for its glossy black plumage, yellow wattles, and ability to mimic sounds.

Time and Work Formula

If A can complete a job in x days and B in y days, working together they complete it in xy/(x+y) days, provided their work rates are additive.

Blood Relation Symbols

In blood relation puzzles, a square denotes a male, a circle denotes a female, a horizontal line denotes siblings, and a vertical line denotes parent-child relationships.

Hindi Idiom: अंधे की लाठी

The Hindi idiom 'अंधे की लाठी' literally means 'a blind person's stick' and refers to the sole support or reliance of a helpless person.