IN Chiro Juris flashcards

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Indiana chiropractic practice act

IC 25-10 is the Indiana statute governing chiropractic licensure and practice; the Board of Chiropractic Examiners administers it with support from the Professional Licensing Agency.

Board composition

The Indiana Board of Chiropractic Examiners has five members appointed by the governor: four licensed chiropractors and one lay member representing the public.

Biennial license renewal

Indiana chiropractic licenses renew every two years; renewal requires a completed application, fee, and attestation of continuing education, and practicing after expiration is unlawful.

Licensure examination requirements

Applicants must pass the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners exams and a jurisprudence examination, and graduate from a Council on Chiropractic Education accredited college.

Grounds for discipline

Statutory grounds include fraud in obtaining a license, incompetence, gross negligence, practice beyond scope, and conviction of a crime involving moral turpitude.

Unlicensed practice prohibition

Only licensed chiropractors may perform chiropractic adjustment and diagnosis; aiding unlicensed practice or delegating diagnosis to unlicensed staff is a violation.

Chiropractic scope definition

Indiana defines chiropractic as diagnosis and treatment of human ailments by adjustment, manipulation, and incident procedures, with the spine and articulations as the primary focus.

Permitted physiotherapy modalities

Adjunctive modalities within chiropractic scope include heat, cold, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, traction, and therapeutic exercise performed as part of chiropractic care.

Prohibited prescriptive authority

Indiana chiropractors may not prescribe or administer legend drugs or controlled substances, perform surgery, or use injectable substances in practice.

Diagnostic imaging authority

Chiropractors may take and interpret plain-film X-rays and order diagnostic studies as authorized by board rule to evaluate neuromusculoskeletal conditions.

Nutritional counseling

Chiropractors may provide dietary and nutritional counseling and dispense nutritional supplements; this does not extend to prescribing legend drugs or injectables.

Title restriction

Licensees may use the title chiropractor or D.C.; holding out as a medical doctor or using M.D. without a medical license is prohibited.

Referral obligation

When a condition is outside chiropractic scope or fails to improve with reasonable care, the chiropractor must refer the patient to an appropriate licensed provider.

Professional Licensing Agency role

The Indiana PLA provides staff, licensing, and administrative support to the Board of Chiropractic Examiners and maintains the public license database.

Continuing education requirement

Renewal requires completion of continuing education hours set by board rule, with required topic categories; certificates must be retained for audit by the agency.

CE deficiency consequences

Failure to complete required continuing education can result in a renewal deficiency, citation, fine, or suspension until the deficiency is corrected.

Complaint and investigation

Disciplinary proceedings begin with a complaint or agency investigation; the licensee receives notice and an opportunity for hearing before an administrative law judge.

Hearing rights

A licensee may be represented by counsel, present evidence, and cross-examine witnesses; the board reviews proposed findings and issues a final order.

Available sanctions

Sanctions include reprimand, censure, probation, suspension, revocation, and civil penalties; summary suspension may be sought when the public faces imminent risk.

Self-reporting duty

Licensees must report arrests, convictions, and out-of-state disciplinary actions within the required time; failing to report is itself a disciplinary violation.

Reinstatement after revocation

A revoked licensee must petition the board for reinstatement and demonstrate rehabilitation, fitness, and compliance with any conditions imposed in the prior order.

Informed consent elements

Informed consent requires disclosure of diagnosis, nature and purpose of care, material risks, reasonable alternatives, and consequences of declining the proposed treatment.

Record content standard

Records must be legible and contemporaneous and include history, examination findings, diagnosis, treatment rendered, and patient response sufficient for continuity of care.

Confidentiality exceptions

Patient records are confidential and released only with authorization or by legal process such as court order, subpoena with notice, or mandatory reporting law.

Record retention and closure

Records must be retained for the period required by law; on practice closure, patients must be notified and records transferred or made available.

Truthful advertising rule

Advertising must be truthful and not misleading; guaranteeing cures, sensational claims, and unverifiable superiority comparisons are prohibited and subject to discipline.

Testimonial advertising limits

Patient testimonials may not present atypical outcomes as typical, and advertising may not misrepresent credentials, training, or specialty board certification status.

Fee splitting prohibition

Paying or receiving compensation for patient referrals to or from unlicensed persons violates ethics rules and constitutes a disciplinary ground.

Patient abandonment

Terminating care without notice, reasonable opportunity to arrange alternate care, or referral constitutes abandonment; proper termination requires written notice.

Professional boundaries

Sexual contact with a current patient is prohibited and is a disciplinary ground; chiropractors must maintain professional boundaries in all patient interactions.

Fraudulent billing

Billing must reflect services actually rendered; upcoding, unbundling, and billing for services not performed are fraudulent and subject to discipline.

Social media advertising

Advertising through social media is subject to the same truthfulness and confidentiality rules as print and broadcast advertising, including no patient identifiers without authorization.