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CHSE Odisha Elective Information Technology study materials
CHSE Odisha Elective Information Technology study resources

CHSE Odisha Elective Information Technology: Cyber Safety, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies

CHSE Odisha Elective Information Technology · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.

All guide sections

Cyber Safety, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies

What the domain covers

Cyber Safety, Ethics, and Emerging Technologies tests how to protect data and systems, behave legally and ethically online, and understand new technologies without overstating them.

Core rules and concepts

  • Security goals are confidentiality, integrity, and availability (the CIA triad).
  • Malware includes viruses (attach to files), worms (self-replicate across networks), trojans (disguised as useful), ransomware (encrypts data for payment), spyware (collects information), and adware.
  • Phishing uses deceptive messages to steal credentials; spear phishing targets a specific person; smishing uses SMS. Verify the sender and navigate to sites directly.
  • Strong authentication combines a long unique password or passphrase with multi-factor authentication. A password manager reduces reuse.
  • Encryption protects data in transit (TLS) and at rest. Backups should be offline or immutable and tested.
  • Ethics covers privacy, consent, plagiarism, copyright, software licences, and respectful conduct. Open-source licences still impose conditions.
  • Emerging technologies include AI, IoT, cloud computing, blockchain, and deepfakes. Each brings benefits and risks.

Worked example

An email says your account will be closed in 24 hours and links to http://bank-login-verify.example. It asks for your password and OTP. The clues are urgency, a lookalike domain, an unencrypted http link, and a request for a one-time code. The safe action is not to click; open the bank app or type the official address, then report the message. Reason: legitimate banks do not ask for OTPs by email, and urgency is designed to bypass careful checking.

Traps that cost marks

HTTPS does not guarantee legitimacy; attackers can obtain certificates. A firewall is not antivirus. Deleting an app does not remove spyware from every account. Public Wi-Fi should not be trusted for sensitive logins without a VPN. Free to use software is not necessarily free to modify or redistribute. AI output can be confident and wrong.