HSSC CET cheat sheet

Haryana was carved out of Punjab on 1 November 1966 on the recommendation of the Shah Commission; its capital is Chandigarh, shared with Punjab.

Haryana's state animal is the blackbuck, state bird the black francolin, state tree the peepal, and state flower the lotus.

The Haryana Vidhan Sabha has 90 elected seats; the Rajya Sabha seats allotted to Haryana are 5 and Lok Sabha seats are 10.

Article 352 covers national emergency, 356 President's rule in a state, and 360 financial emergency.

Fundamental Rights are in Part III (Articles 12-35); the Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) was called the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

The Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 Indian states, including Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

Sulh-i-kul (universal tolerance) was propagated by Akbar; the Battle of Panipat in 1526 established Mughal rule under Babur.

Static GK pairing rule: match person to field (e.g., Amartya Sen-economics, C. V. Raman-physics) before guessing; elimination beats recall when unsure.

Letter position values: A=1 ... Z=26; reverse value = 27 minus the forward value (A=26, Z=1).

Mirror-image clock time rule: subtract the given time from 11:60 (e.g., 3:40 mirrors to 8:20).

Odd-one-out strategy: check number properties first (primality, perfect squares, divisibility by 3 or 5) before semantic categories.

Coding-decoding: test three shift patterns in order - fixed shift, alternating +/- shift, and reverse alphabet (A=Z).

Blood relations: draw a family tree with '+' for male and '-' for female; never assume gender from a name.

Direction sense: on a 2-D grid, net displacement north-south and east-west are tracked separately; final distance uses Pythagoras.

Series rule: compute first differences, then second differences; if neither is constant, test multiplication/division by 2, 3 or squares.

Syllogism: a conclusion is valid only if it holds in every possible Venn diagram of the premises; 'some' statements are reversible, 'all' are not.

Percentage change shortcut: successive changes of a% and b% give a net change of a + b + (ab/100) percent.

Profit and loss: SP = CP × (100 + profit%)/100; a dishonest dealer using false weight gains (true weight − given weight)/given weight × 100 percent.

Simple interest = PRT/100; compound interest = P[(1 + R/100)^T − 1]; CI exceeds SI by P(R/100)^2 for two years.

Speed conversion: multiply km/h by 5/18 to get m/s; a train of length L crossing a pole takes L/speed seconds.

Time and work: if A does a job in x days and B in y days, together they finish in xy/(x + y) days.

Averages: new average after adding a value v to n items = (n·old average + v)/(n + 1); total = average × count.

Ratio and mixture: alligation gives the ratio of two components as (mean − cheaper) : (dearer − mean).

Area formulas: circle πr², triangle ½ × base × height, trapezium ½ × (sum of parallel sides) × height; volume of cylinder πr²h.

English error spotting: subject-verb agreement, article use (a/an/the), and preposition collocations account for most errors in short sentences.

Common confusables to separate: affect (verb)/effect (noun), principal (head)/principle (rule), stationary (fixed)/stationery (paper).

Idioms: 'a blessing in disguise' means an apparent misfortune that turns out well; 'to beat around the bush' means to avoid the main point.

Active to passive: object becomes subject, verb becomes be + past participle, and the doer is placed after 'by'.

Hindi sandhi: स्वर संधि includes दीर्घ (अ/आ + अ/आ = आ), गुण (अ + इ = ए), and वृद्धि (अ + ए = ऐ) types.

Hindi समास types: तत्पुरुष (case relation), द्वंद्व (both words joined by 'और'), बहुव्रीहि (meaning refers to a third entity), द्विगु (numeral first).

Hindi synonym-antonym pairs: 'अनुराग' (प्रेम) vs 'विराग' (वैराग्य); 'उत्कर्ष' (उन्नति) vs 'अपकर्ष' (अवनति).

Hindi वर्तनी rule: 'इ' and 'ई' endings change meaning - 'परि' (around) vs 'परी' (fairy); check the matra against the standard spelling.