IBPS RRB Agriculture Officer key terms

A bank-issued credit line for farmers that covers crop inputs, post-harvest needs and short-term working capital, sanctioned on the basis of landholding and scale of finance, with interest subvention on prompt repayment.

The district-level per-hectare cost of cultivating a specified crop, fixed by a technical committee, which banks use as the base for calculating crop loan limits to farmers.

A short-term loan given to meet expenses of raising a crop, such as seed, fertiliser, pesticide and labour, usually repayable within one year or after harvest from the sale proceeds.

A regulatory requirement that banks direct a minimum share of their lending to specified sectors including agriculture, small and marginal farmers, micro-enterprises, education and weaker sections.

A report given to a farmer after soil testing that lists nutrient status of the field and recommended doses of fertiliser, helping avoid overuse of urea and other inputs.

A practice of supplying plant nutrients through a combination of chemical fertilisers, organic manure, biofertilisers and crop residues so that soil fertility is maintained without excessive dependence on any one source.

Growing a quick-growing leguminous crop such as dhaincha or sunhemp and ploughing it into the soil before flowering to add organic matter and nitrogen to the field.

Growing different crops in sequence on the same field to break pest and disease cycles, restore soil nutrients and improve structure, for example alternating a cereal with a legume.

The ratio of total cropped area to net sown area in a year, expressed as a percentage; a value above 100 shows that land is being cultivated more than once annually.

Raising two or more crops on the same field in a single agricultural year, either in sequence or together, to raise output and income from limited land.

Growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same field in definite row proportions, chosen so that the crops compete minimally, for example maize with cowpea.

The proportion of the total cropped area sown with certified or quality seed of a variety in a season, rather than with farm-saved seed from the previous harvest.

Seed produced under a recognised seed certification system, carrying a tag that guarantees prescribed standards of genetic purity, germination percentage and freedom from weeds and disease.

The degree to which a seed lot consists of the intended variety, free from admixture of other varieties or off-types, usually expressed as a percentage.

A strategy that controls pests by combining monitoring, cultural practices, biological agents and need-based, judicious pesticide use, instead of routine calendar spraying.

The pest population density at which control measures should be applied to prevent the pest from rising to a level that causes economic loss to the crop.

The amount of a pesticide or its breakdown products remaining on or in harvested produce, which must stay within prescribed maximum limits for food safety and export acceptance.

A set of farm-level practices covering site selection, seed, water, fertiliser, plant protection, harvest and worker safety that aim at safe and sustainable produce, often verified through certification.

A scheme that indemnifies farmers for crop loss due to notified natural risks, with the sum insured based on the scale of finance and premium shared between farmer and government.

A price announced by the government for specified crops before the sowing season to assure farmers of a floor price, with procurement agencies buying at that rate when market prices fall below it.

The chain of activities and institutions through which farm produce moves from the field to the consumer, including assembly, grading, storage, transport, wholesale trading and retail sale.

A document issued by a registered warehouse confirming storage of a stated quantity and grade of produce, which can be pledged with a bank to raise post-harvest finance.

A small group of usually ten to twenty poor members who pool savings and lend among themselves, and which banks may finance after grading, often with the group as the borrowing unit.

A group of typically four to ten members who borrow individually but jointly guarantee one another's repayment, commonly used for financing tenant farmers and landless agricultural workers.

A reasoning question type in which two or more statements with quantifiers such as all, some or no are given, and the candidate must decide which of the proposed conclusions logically follow.

A technique of drawing circles to represent the possible relationships between classes in a syllogism, used to test whether a conclusion holds in every possible arrangement of the sets.

A puzzle in which family relationships are described through statements or coded symbols, and the candidate must identify how two named persons are related.

A question where symbols such as @, # or $ stand for comparison signs like greater than, less than or equal to, and a valid conclusion must be derived from the combined expression.

A puzzle requiring placement of persons around a circle or in a row based on clues about who sits next to, opposite or at a given position relative to whom.

A set of reasoning questions built on a scenario such as floors, days, boxes or categories, where clues must be combined into a single consistent arrangement before questions are answered.

A quantitative aptitude set in which data is presented as a table, bar chart, line graph or pie chart, and questions require calculation of values, ratios, averages or percentage change from it.

The difference between a new value and an original value, divided by the original value and multiplied by one hundred, used to express increase or decrease between two figures.

An average in which each value is multiplied by its weight or frequency before summing and dividing by the total weight, used where components contribute unequally to a total.

Comparison of two quantities of the same kind by division, and the statement that two such ratios are equal, widely used in mixture, partnership and age problems.

Interest computed only on the original principal for the whole period, equal to principal multiplied by rate multiplied by time divided by one hundred.

Interest calculated on the principal plus interest already accrued, so that the amount grows geometrically over successive periods rather than in a straight line.

An English language question set in which a passage has blanks and the candidate selects, from options, the word or phrase that best fits each blank in grammar and meaning.

A question type where sentences of a paragraph are given in scrambled order and must be rearranged into a coherent sequence using connectors, pronouns and logical flow.

A passage-based set testing the ability to grasp the main idea, infer meaning, identify tone and answer detail questions, often including a vocabulary question on a word from the passage.

Internationally agreed banking standards on minimum capital adequacy, leverage ratio and liquidity coverage that banks must maintain to absorb shocks and reduce systemic risk.

A loan or advance on which principal or interest has remained overdue for more than ninety days, requiring the bank to classify it and make prescribed provisions.

The rate at which the central bank lends short-term funds to commercial banks against securities, used as the principal policy lever to influence liquidity and inflation.

The share of a bank's net demand and time liabilities that must be kept as cash with the central bank, earning no interest and therefore limiting funds available for lending.

The part of the economy that produces raw materials directly from nature, including agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining, and which employs the largest share of India's workforce.

Hardware or software that filters network traffic against defined rules, allowing or blocking packets so that unauthorised access to a bank's internal systems is prevented.

A fraud in which a message that appears to come from a bank or known service lures a user into revealing passwords, card details or one-time passwords on a fake page.

A login method that requires two independent proofs of identity, typically a password plus a one-time code sent to a registered mobile number, adding a layer beyond the password.

The address typed into a browser to reach a web resource, made up of protocol, domain name and path, whose domain portion should be checked carefully before entering banking credentials.