Karnataka PDO flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Halmidi inscription

Earliest available Kannada inscription, dated around 450 CE, found in Hassan district; it is regarded as the first epigraphic record of the Kannada language and script.

Grama Sabha

Body of all registered voters of a Grama Panchayat area; under Karnataka law it meets at least once every three months and approves the village annual plan and budget.

Article 243E

Constitutional provision fixing a five-year term for every Panchayat, with elections completed before expiry and within six months if the body is dissolved earlier.

MGNREGA wage timeline

Wages must be paid within fifteen days of work completion; if employment is not provided within fifteen days of a valid demand, unemployment allowance becomes payable.

Karnataka formation date

Karnataka was formed on 1 November 1956 as Mysore State under the States Reorganisation Act and was renamed Karnataka on 1 November 1973.

Compound interest formula

Amount equals principal multiplied by one plus rate over hundred raised to the time period; compound interest is the amount minus the principal.

Tatsama words

Kannada words borrowed from Sanskrit and retained without modification, such as 'Surya' and 'Raja'; they contrast with tadbhava words, which are phonetically altered.

Zilla Panchayat CEO

Chief Executive Officer is the administrative head of a Zilla Panchayat in Karnataka, appointed by the State Government to supervise its executive and financial functions.

Eleventh Schedule

Schedule added by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment listing 29 subjects, including agriculture, rural housing and drinking water, that may be devolved to Panchayats.

PMAY-Gramin

Rural housing scheme providing financial assistance to houseless and kutcha-house families for pucca house construction, with cost shared between Centre and State.

Jog Falls

One of India's highest plunge waterfalls, formed by the Sharavathi River in Shivamogga district of Karnataka, dropping in four distinct segments.

Successive percentage change

Net change from successive changes of a percent and b percent equals a plus b plus ab divided by hundred, applied with correct signs for increase or decrease.

Kannada sandhi

Rule-governed joining of two words with sound modification at the boundary; main types include vowel sandhi and consonant sandhi in Kannada grammar.

Grama Panchayat reservation

Seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in proportion to population, and at least one-third of total seats for women, including reserved categories.

Article 243K

Constitutional article providing for a State Election Commission responsible for superintendence, direction and control of Panchayat and municipal elections.

DAY-NRLM

Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Rural Livelihoods Mission organises rural poor women into Self-Help Groups and supports them with revolving funds and credit.

Karnataka state symbols

State animal is the elephant, state bird the Indian roller, state tree sandalwood and state flower the lotus, reflecting the state's wildlife and flora.

Speed unit conversion

To convert kilometres per hour to metres per second multiply by five-eighteenths; to convert metres per second to kilometres per hour multiply by eighteen-fifths.

Kannada samasa types

Compound formation in Kannada classified into dwandva, dwigu, karmadharaya, bahuvrihi, tatpurusha and avyayibhava, each with distinct semantic and structural rules.

Karnataka Panchayat Raj Act 1993

State legislation that established the three-tier Panchayat system in Karnataka to implement the 73rd Constitutional Amendment, replacing the earlier 1983 Act.

Article 356

Constitutional provision allowing President's Rule in a State when constitutional machinery fails, on the report of the Governor or otherwise.

PMGSY

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, launched in 2000, provides all-weather road connectivity to unconnected rural habitations across India.

Karnataka Legislative Council

Upper house of Karnataka legislature with 75 members serving six-year terms, with one-third of members retiring every two years.

Profit and loss shortcut

If two articles sell at the same price with equal percentage profit and loss, the net result is always a loss equal to the square of the common percent divided by hundred.

Kuvempu

Modern Kannada poet and Jnanpith awardee, author of 'Sri Ramayana Darshanam', who wrote under the pen name Kuvempu and is a central figure of Kannada literature.

Grama Panchayat dissolution

State Government may dissolve a Grama Panchayat before term expiry for specified reasons, but fresh elections must be held within six months of dissolution.

Fundamental Duties

Eleven duties listed in Article 51A of Part IVA, added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.

Jal Jeevan Mission

Programme aiming to provide functional household tap connections to rural households, subsuming the earlier National Rural Drinking Water Programme.

Bengaluru IT hub

Bengaluru, called the Silicon Valley of India, hosts the headquarters of ISRO and major public sector units such as HAL and BEML.

nCr and nPr

nPr equals n factorial divided by n minus r factorial for ordered arrangements; nCr equals n factorial divided by r factorial times n minus r factorial for unordered selections.

Nadugannada period

Middle Kannada literary period, roughly from the 13th to the 18th century, marked by the rise of Veerashaiva and Haridasa devotional literature.

State Finance Commission

Body constituted every five years under Article 243I to review the financial position of Panchayats and recommend principles governing devolution of funds.