Karnataka II PUC Geology (KSEAB) study plan

Define the internal structure of the Earth and distinguish crust, mantle, and core boundaries by depth and composition.

Explain plate tectonic drivers (mantle convection, ridge push, slab pull) and relate them to earthquake and volcano distribution.

Classify igneous rocks by texture and silica content, and match rock names to cooling history.

Describe the rock cycle and trace one named rock type through all three rock families.

Compare weathering processes (physical, chemical, biological) and predict which dominates in given climatic conditions.

Explain erosion, transportation, and deposition by rivers, glaciers, wind, and waves, and identify the resulting landforms.

Outline the geological time scale with era and period boundaries and place major events on it.

Distinguish sedimentary rock types (clastic, chemical, organic) and interpret bedding, sorting, and roundness.

State the physical properties used in mineral identification (hardness, cleavage, lustre, streak, specific gravity, form) and define each precisely.

Apply Mohs hardness scale to rank and identify common minerals in hand specimen descriptions.

Classify silicates by structure (isolated tetrahedra, chains, sheets, frameworks) and link structure to cleavage.

Identify the common rock-forming minerals (quartz, feldspars, micas, amphibole, pyroxene, olivine, calcite, garnet) from written descriptions.

Describe Bowen's reaction series and use it to explain mineral crystallisation order and magma differentiation.

Distinguish metamorphic textures (foliated and non-foliated) and name the parent-to-metamorphic sequence for shale, limestone, and sandstone.

Interpret a simple igneous and metamorphic rock suite from written descriptions of mineralogy and fabric.

Explain sedimentary environments and how grain size and fossil content indicate depositional setting.

Measure and record strike and dip, and convert between map symbols and block-diagram representations of dipping beds.

Identify folds, faults, and unconformities from written structural descriptions and label hanging wall, footwall, limb, and axis.

Explain plate boundaries and Indian plate motion, including the Himalayan collision and its seismic consequences.

Describe fossil preservation modes and use index fossils to correlate and date rock sequences.

Classify ore deposits by genetic type (magmatic, hydrothermal, sedimentary, residual, placer) and give one Indian example of each.

Outline the distribution of major Indian mineral belts and match commodities to states.

Explain the formation and economic significance of coal and petroleum, and distinguish Gondwana from Tertiary coal fields.

Describe stratigraphic sequences of Karnataka and India (Dharwar, Cuddapah, Vindhyan, Gondwana, Deccan Traps) in order.

Explain porosity, permeability, aquifer types, and the water table, and interpret groundwater flow direction from given water-level data.

Describe groundwater recharge, over-extraction, and contamination issues in Karnataka, including fluoride and nitrate problems.

Outline field methods: geological mapping, sampling, and the use of topographic maps and Brunton compass.

Summarise Karnataka geology, including the Dharwar craton, greenstone belts, Closepet granite, and Deccan Traps.

Revise all eight domains using condensed one-page summaries you write yourself.

Complete two full-length timed mock papers under exam conditions and mark them.

Re-teach the three weakest sub-topics aloud from memory without notes.

Build a final formula-and-definition sheet covering hardness, Bowen's series, geological time scale, and aquifer terms.