Sanitary Fixtures, Fittings and Appliances
Sanitary Fixtures, Fittings and Appliances tests fixture selection, trap protection, flushing and tap or appliance connections. You must match the fixture to its waste size, trap and ventilation.
Fixtures and traps
WC, wash basin, sink, urinal, floor trap and gully trap each need a trap with an adequate water seal, commonly 50 mm for floor traps and 40 mm for fixtures; confirm against the specified standard. A bottle trap is used where a visible basin trap is needed; a P-trap fits below sinks.
Fittings
Bib cock, pillar cock, stop cock, angle valve, health faucet, flush valve and cistern. Use an angle valve at each appliance for isolation. Hot-water geysers need a pressure-relief valve and a cold-water inlet.
Worked example
A 9 L single-flush WC is replaced by a dual-flush 3/6 L cistern. If a user flushes four times a day with two full and two reduced flushes, daily use = (2 × 6) + (2 × 3) = 18 L, against 36 L before. Saving = 18 L per person per day, or 50%.
Traps
Fitting a fixture without a trap; using a shallow trap on a WC; blocking access to a trap; omitting the vent; and connecting a geyser without a relief valve.