Maharashtra HSC Agricultural Science & Technology study plan

Draw and label the life cycles of the major field crops (cereals, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, sugarcane) and mark the critical growth stages for each

Classify crops by season (kharif, rabi, summer) and by use (food, fibre, fodder, industrial) and write a one-line justification for each placement

Solve 20 numerical problems on seed rate, plant population, and spacing for different crops

Explain the package of practices for at least three crops grown widely in Maharashtra, covering land preparation, sowing time, and nutrient scheduling

Describe soil profile horizons and relate each horizon to rooting depth and nutrient availability

Determine soil texture by feel method for at least five samples and convert texture classes to their water-holding behaviour

Compute fertilizer doses from soil test values using the concept of nutrient index and recommended NPK

List the causes and correction measures for acidic, saline, and alkaline soils with the reclamation material used for each

Explain the role of organic matter, C:N ratio, and green manuring in maintaining soil fertility

Identify the major insect pests of cotton, paddy, sugarcane, and pulses by damage symptoms and write the recommended control measure for each

Distinguish between fungal, bacterial, and viral plant diseases using symptom descriptions and give one example of each on a field crop

Explain the principles of integrated pest management and sequence the steps from monitoring to chemical intervention

Calculate spray volume and pesticide dose for knapsack and power sprayers from given label rates

Describe storage pests and the safe handling, waiting period, and label rules for common pesticides

Compare the digestive systems of ruminants and non-ruminants and explain rumen fermentation in simple terms

List the nutrient requirements and formulate a balanced ration for one crossbred cow and one buffalo using locally available feedstuffs

Describe the signs of estrus, gestation length, and the reproductive cycle of cattle and buffalo

Explain clean milk production practices from milking to chilling, including mastitis prevention

Identify common livestock diseases by symptom and state the vaccination schedule for cattle and buffalo

Match farm implements to operations and state the draft requirement and field capacity of each

Solve numericals on field capacity, field efficiency, and cost of operation per hectare for a tractor-implement combination

Explain the working principle of a sprayer, seed drill, thresher, and chaff cutter with a labelled sketch of each

Compute cost of cultivation, gross income, net income, and benefit-cost ratio for a given crop budget

Explain farm records, depreciation methods, and the role of cooperatives and credit institutions in farm finance

Classify horticultural crops and describe propagation methods (seed, cutting, grafting, layering) with the crop suited to each

Explain training and pruning systems for fruit crops and state the purpose of each practice

Describe post-harvest handling steps from harvesting to marketing and identify the cause of losses at each step

Explain storage methods, controlled atmosphere, and value addition such as drying, grading, and packaging for fruits and vegetables

Plan a layout for a small orchard or kitchen garden with spacing and irrigation arrangement

Explain the steps of the extension teaching-learning process and select the appropriate method (individual, group, mass) for three given rural situations

Describe the role of gram panchayat, krishi vigyan kendra, and agricultural development officers in technology transfer

List the causes of soil erosion and describe contour bunding, terracing, and vegetative barriers as control measures

Explain water harvesting, watershed management, and the principles of organic farming and integrated nutrient management

Describe the effects of pesticide residue and crop residue burning on soil and water and state the safer alternatives

Prepare a simple agri-business plan for a small enterprise with input costs, expected returns, and break-even output

Identify the support available from schemes, agri-clinics, and market linkages for a young entrepreneur

Revise the highest-weight domains (1, 3, 4) using the earlier deliverables and correct every mistake marked

Attempt two full-length mock tests under timed conditions and analyse the error pattern by domain

Consolidate a one-page formula and fact sheet for numericals across all domains

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