Maharashtra SSC Decorative Pieces from Waste Divyang flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Cut-resistant gloves

Hand protection worn when handling wire, glass, sheet metal, and sharp offcuts. They resist slicing but not puncturing, so they are paired with careful handling rather than used alone.

Eye protection rule

Safety glasses are required within one metre of any rotating tool such as a drill, grinder, or buffing wheel, and during all cutting, chipping, and sanding work.

Workspace zoning

Dividing the workspace into separate cutting, assembly, finishing, and storage areas, keeping a one-metre clear walkway so sharp offcuts and wet paint never block movement.

Solvent ventilation rule

Solvent paints, thinners, and spray adhesives require open windows and cross-ventilation. A closed room without airflow is treated as a stop-work condition.

Source segregation

Sorting waste into paper, plastics, textiles, and rigid inorganic streams at the point of collection, before storage, so each material stays clean and usable.

Material cleanliness test

A waste material is accepted into craft stock only if it is free of food residue, oil, and moisture. Greasy plastic and food-soiled card are washed or rejected.

PET versus HDPE

PET bottles are transparent and shrink into flexible sheet when heated. HDPE caps are rigid and opaque, so they are used as discs, beads, and small solid parts.

E-waste separation

Circuit boards, wires, and batteries form a separate hazardous stream. Batteries are never mixed into general craft stock because of leakage and chemical risk.

Bottle washing sequence

Remove label and cap, soak in warm detergent water, scrub adhesive residue, rinse twice, then air-dry upside down for about 24 hours before use.

Label gum removal

Vegetable oil or warm soapy water lifts label adhesive from glass and plastic. Thinner is avoided on PET because it clouds and weakens the plastic.

Glass edge preparation

Sharp glass edges are dulled with wet abrasive paper or a diamond file under water. Dry sanding glass is avoided because it releases fine dust.

Rust removal before priming

Metal waste is cleaned of rust with abrasive paper or a vinegar soak, then degreased with detergent before priming, because paint over rust fails quickly.

Cutting list

A written table of every part with its length, width, thickness, and quantity, prepared from the sketch before any material is cut.

Orthographic views

Front, side, and top views drawn to scale, showing true dimensions of a decorative piece, supported by an isometric sketch for presentation to a buyer.

Nesting layout

Arranging part outlines on the waste sheet so they share edges and leave minimal offcut, with a target of keeping unused area under about twenty percent.

Craft knife cutting rule

Cut in several light passes along a steel ruler with the blade pointing away from the body, always on a self-healing mat, to avoid slips and deep injury.

Adhesive selection rule

White PVA glue suits paper, card, and wood; hot glue tacks jute and thermocol quickly; epoxy or cyanoacrylate is used for glass, metal, and load-bearing joints.

Hot glue and thermocol

Thermocol softens above roughly seventy to eighty degrees Celsius, so hot glue is applied in thin moving lines rather than heavy blobs that melt the surface.

Drilling plastic safely

Start with a pilot hole, run the drill at low speed, and back the workpiece with scrap material so the plastic does not crack when the bit breaks through.

Primer before topcoat

Primer is applied to metal, raw wood, and cardboard before paint. Without it, acrylic paint soaks in and the finish looks patchy and flakes later.

Thin coat rule

Two thin coats give a better finish than one thick coat. The second coat is applied only after the first is touch-dry, otherwise the film wrinkles.

Decoupage technique

Brush a thin glue layer, press the paper flat from the centre outward to push out trapped air, then seal with two clear coats for protection.

Sealant choice

Clear acrylic varnish suits indoor decorative pieces, while polyurethane or exterior varnish is used outdoors. Sealant also protects paint from moisture and handling.

Joint strength test

A finished joint must hold the piece's own weight plus a light hand pull without movement. Any creak or visible gap signals rework before dispatch.

Stability check

Place the piece on a flat surface and press each top corner in turn. Rocking or tipping shows an uneven base or off-centre mass that must be corrected.

Raking light inspection

Holding a light at a low angle across the surface reveals sanding scratches, paint drips, dust nibs, and missed patches that are invisible under direct light.

Waste hierarchy for craft

Refuse unnecessary material, reduce offcut, reuse scraps as small parts, recycle the rest, and dispose only as a last resort. This order guides all material decisions.

Offcut retention rule

Pieces larger than about five centimetres are stored by material in labelled scrap boxes, then reused for beads, tiles, tags, and small decorative parts.

Paint disposal rule

Thinner, paint residue, and solvent rags are never poured down a drain. They are collected in a sealed container and handed to the local waste collection point.

Costing formula

Total cost equals material cost plus labour hours times hourly rate plus overhead plus packaging. Selling price is total cost plus the chosen profit margin.

Break-even units

Break-even units equal fixed cost divided by selling price minus variable cost per unit. This gives the minimum volume needed to avoid making a loss.

Udyam registration

Free online MSME registration in India that gives a micro-enterprise an identity number and access to subsidy, loan, and tender benefits.

Working capital reserve

Cash kept aside to cover roughly two to three months of material and overhead costs, so a slow sales month does not halt production.