Maharashtra SSC Paperwork Cardboard & Book Binding Divyang flashcards
Maharashtra SSC Paperwork Cardboard & Book Binding Divyang · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- GSM
- Grammage: the mass of one square metre of paper or board in grams. It determines substance class, stiffness and price, and is the first specification to confirm before buying stock.
- Grain direction
- The direction in which most paper fibres align, parallel to the paper machine direction. Sheets fold and tear more easily along the grain, so binding layout must respect it.
- Duplex board
- A paperboard coated on one side with a grey uncoated back, made from mixed recycled fibre. Used for cartons and economical book covers where only one face is printed.
- Bulk of paper
- Thickness per unit weight, calculated as caliper in millimetres divided by GSM, multiplied by 1000. High-bulk papers give a thicker book at the same weight.
- Cumulative measurement error
- Error that builds up when each new measurement starts from the previous one. Measuring every cut from a single datum edge prevents this drift.
- Squareness check
- A test of a cut rectangle in which both diagonals are measured. Equal diagonals confirm true right angles; unequal diagonals reveal a misaligned guillotine fence.
- Trim allowance
- Extra material left on head, tail and fore-edge, usually 3 to 5 millimetres, so the bound book can be trimmed clean after gluing or sewing.
- Crease line rule
- Board is scored on the outside of the fold and paper on the inside, so fibres compress and the coating does not crack. Crease width is about 1.5 times board thickness.
- Flute direction
- The running direction of corrugated board flutes. Flutes must stand vertically in a finished carton so the board carries compression load when cartons are stacked.
- Hollow back
- A binding structure where a paper tube joins the text spine to the case, leaving a gap. It lets the book open flat and keeps the spine shape.
- Section
- A folded group of leaves, usually four to sixteen, that forms one sewing unit in a book. Sections are gathered in order to build the text block.
- Perfect binding
- A non-adhesive-free binding in which single leaves are milled at the spine and glued with hot-melt or PUR adhesive, then wrapped in a cover and trimmed.
- Saddle stitching
- A binding method in which wire staples pass through the fold of nested sections. Page count must be a multiple of four and total thickness limited.
- Squares of a case
- The 3 to 5 millimetre overhang of the cover boards beyond the trimmed text block at head, tail and fore-edge, protecting the page edges.
- Bone folder
- A smooth hand tool of bone or plastic used to crease, burnish and rub down paper and cloth without cutting or marking the surface during binding work.
- Kettle stitch
- A locking stitch made at the head and tail of each section where the sewing thread passes around the support, joining sections into a firm text block.
- Guillotine clamp
- A powered bar that holds the paper stack firmly before the blade descends. Clamping prevents sheet slip and gives a clean, square cut edge.
- Die-cutting make-ready
- The preparation of a platen press and steel-rule die so cutting pressure is even. Packing is added under low areas until all cuts and creases are correct.
- PVA adhesive
- Polyvinyl acetate emulsion, a water-based glue giving a strong flexible bond on paper, board and cloth. It is diluted only slightly and must not be frozen.
- PUR adhesive
- Reactive polyurethane hot melt that cures with moisture, giving the strongest spine bond and flat opening. It suits coated papers and heavy books.
- Open time
- The working window after an adhesive is applied during which parts can still be joined and repositioned before the surface skins over and loses tack.
- Staple leg length
- The length of wire that passes through the work and clinches. It should be about twice the material thickness plus two to three millimetres for a secure clinch.
- Foil blocking
- Hot stamping of metallic or coloured foil with a heated die under pressure and dwell time. Temperature, pressure and time must be balanced to avoid halo or patchy transfer.
- Embossing
- A finishing process that raises a design above the surface using matched male and female dies. Depth is limited by board thickness and covering flexibility.
- Matt lamination
- A thin plastic film bonded to a printed cover with a low-sheen finish. It hides fingerprints and scuffing but limits later foil blocking to special foils.
- Headband
- A decorative band of thread or cloth glued or sewn at the head of the spine. It protects the spine edge and improves the appearance of a case-bound book.
- Local exhaust ventilation
- A ducted extraction system that captures paper dust and adhesive fumes at the machine, protecting the operator's lungs and reducing fire risk in the workshop.
- Lock-out tag-out
- A maintenance safety procedure in which the power source is isolated, locked and tagged before clearing jams or servicing a guillotine, drill or binding machine.
- Safety data sheet
- A supplier document listing the hazards, handling, storage and first-aid measures for an adhesive, solvent or other chemical used in the workshop.
- Imposition
- The layout that decides how many pieces fit on a parent sheet. Pieces per sheet equals the floor of parent length divided by piece length, times the same for width.
- Break-even quantity
- The number of units at which total revenue equals total cost, calculated as fixed cost divided by selling price minus variable cost per unit.
- Divyangjan enterprise support
- Financial assistance for businesses run by persons with disabilities, available through national and state disability finance corporations and MSME schemes. Current terms must be verified locally.