Basic IT and Digital Literacy
Basic IT and Digital Literacy
This domain tests everyday computer and internet use: operating systems, file management, email, spreadsheets, digital payments, passwords, and basic cybersecurity.
Core rules
- Know common file extensions: .docx for documents, .xlsx for spreadsheets, .pdf for read-only sharing, .jpg/.png for images.
- Save files with clear names and folder structure; back up important records; empty the recycle bin only after checking.
- Use strong, unique passwords and multi-factor authentication where available. Never share an OTP or password.
- Phishing messages create urgency, use odd links, or ask for credentials. Verify the sender through a separate known channel.
- In a spreadsheet, a formula starts with =; =SUM(B2:B6) adds the range, =AVERAGE(B2:B6) finds the mean.
Worked example
Cells B2 to B6 contain 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50. =SUM(B2:B6) returns 150 because the formula adds the five values. =AVERAGE(B2:B6) returns 30 because 150 ÷ 5 = 30. If B4 is changed to 60, the sum becomes 180 and the average 36; the formula recalculates automatically. The reasoning is that the range reference, not the current numbers, is stored in the cell.
Traps
Sharing an OTP with a caller who claims to be from a bank; clicking a shortened link in an unexpected email; confusing RAM with storage; and saving a final document as an editable draft without version control.