Store Layout
What this domain tests
This section tests layout types, fixtures, circulation and the reasons a particular layout suits a particular store. Expect questions on which layout fits grocery versus fashion, and on fixture names.
Core concepts
- Grid layout: parallel aisles, easy to navigate, high stock density. Suits grocery, pharmacy and convenience stores.
- Free-flow layout: curved, open paths with varied fixtures. Suits fashion and lifestyle stores; encourages browsing.
- Racetrack/loop layout: a main path circling the store, passing every department. Used in large format and department stores.
- Spine layout: a single main aisle with sections branching off; common in narrow stores.
- Fixtures: gondola (double-sided shelving), wall unit, end cap (end of aisle, high visibility), island display, dump bin, cash-and-wrap counter.
- Zones: entrance decompression area, power aisle (high-traffic main aisle), hot zone (right of entrance in left-to-right reading markets), cold zone (upper shelves, far corners).
- Circulation rules: keep main aisles wide enough for two trolleys, avoid dead ends, keep sightlines open for staff vigilance, do not block fire exits.
- Planogram: a diagram showing exactly which product goes in which position on which shelf.
Worked example
A 600 sq ft neighbourhood grocery needs fast replenishment, quick billing and easy cleaning. A grid layout is chosen: straight aisles let staff see the whole floor, trolleys move freely, and shelves can be restocked from a central back area. A free-flow layout would waste space and slow restocking.
Traps that cost marks
- Choosing free-flow for a grocery store.
- Treating an end cap as ordinary storage.
- Blocking emergency exits to gain display space - a safety violation, not a layout option.