Translation or Additional Language Skills (where applicable)
Translation or additional language tasks appear only where the paper includes them; they test meaning transfer, register, and grammatical control. The aim is a natural target-language sentence, not a word-by-word copy.
Core rules
- Translate the meaning, not the word order.
- Preserve tense, number, and tone.
- Render idioms with an equivalent expression, not literally.
- Keep proper nouns unchanged; check articles and prepositions in the target language.
- Read the whole sentence before writing, then re-read for grammar.
Worked example
Marathi: 'पुस्तक माझ्या मित्राचे आहे.' English: 'The book belongs to my friend.' Reasoning: the possessive meaning is transferred naturally. 'The book is of my friend' is unnatural English. If the source says 'मी रोज शाळेत जातो', the correct English is 'I go to school every day'; do not change the habitual present to future.
Traps
- Translating an idiom literally and losing the meaning.
- Shifting tense or number without a reason.
- Omitting the subject because the source language allows it.
- Confusing similar-looking words across languages.
- Ignoring formal or informal register.