MH SET flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

MH SET conducting body

Savitribai Phule Pune University conducts the Maharashtra State Eligibility Test on behalf of the state government, conferring Assistant Professor eligibility and, for top performers, Junior Research Fellowship eligibility in the chosen subject.

Paper I and Paper II

Paper I has 50 questions worth 100 marks on teaching and research aptitude; Paper II has 100 subject questions worth 200 marks. Both are attempted in one three-hour session.

Qualifying aggregate marks

Candidates must score at least 40% aggregate across both papers, or 35% for reserved categories, to be declared MH SET qualified; there is no separate cutoff for each paper.

JRF selection rule

The top 6% of qualified candidates in each subject are declared eligible for Junior Research Fellowship; remaining qualifiers are eligible for Assistant Professor posts only.

Negative marking policy

MH SET applies no negative marking for wrong answers, so candidates should attempt every question rather than leaving blanks, since an educated guess never lowers the expected score.

Bloom's revised taxonomy order

The revised taxonomy orders cognitive processes as Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyse, Evaluate, and Create; Create is the highest level, replacing Evaluation from the original version.

Piaget's cognitive stages

Piaget proposed sensorimotor (0–2 years), preoperational (2–7), concrete operational (7–11), and formal operational (11+) stages; conservation and reversibility emerge in the concrete operational stage.

Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development

The ZPD is the gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with guidance; scaffolding is support provided within this zone and withdrawn as competence grows.

Formative versus summative assessment

Formative assessment is continuous, diagnostic, and feedback-oriented during instruction; summative assessment is terminal, certifying, and judges achievement at the end of a course.

Type I and Type II errors

Type I error rejects a true null hypothesis and is controlled by the alpha level; Type II error fails to reject a false null hypothesis and relates to statistical power.

Reliability versus validity

Reliability is consistency of measurement across occasions or items; validity is whether an instrument measures the construct it claims. Reliability is necessary but not sufficient for validity.

Probability sampling methods

Probability sampling gives every unit a known chance of selection and includes simple random, stratified, cluster, and systematic sampling; non-probability methods include convenience, purposive, and quota sampling.

Null and alternative hypotheses

The null hypothesis states no difference or relationship and is tested statistically; the alternative hypothesis states the expected difference or relationship and is accepted when the null is rejected.

NEP 2020 structure

The National Education Policy 2020 replaced the 1986 policy and introduced a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure, targeting a 50% Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education by 2035.

Kothari Commission recommendations

The Kothari Commission (1964–66) recommended a common school system, a 10+2+3 educational structure, and linking education to national development; it shaped post-independence Indian education policy.

Article 21A and RTE Act

The 86th Amendment (2002) inserted Article 21A, making elementary education a fundamental right; the RTE Act 2009 implements it for children aged 6–14 and bans capitation fees.

UGC and its role

The University Grants Commission, established in 1953 and made statutory in 1956, coordinates and maintains standards of higher education and frames regulations governing SET and NET eligibility.

NAAC and NBA accreditation

NAAC assesses and accredits higher education institutions on a seven-criteria framework; NBA accredits individual technical programmes under AICTE, focusing on programme outcomes.

Guilford's creativity dimensions

Guilford identified fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration as dimensions of divergent thinking; Torrance later operationalised these in his tests of creative thinking.

Convergent versus divergent thinking

Divergent thinking generates multiple possible solutions to an open problem; convergent thinking narrows options to the single best answer. Creativity typically requires both in sequence.

Communication process elements

Communication involves a sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback; barriers may be semantic, psychological, organisational, or physical and reduce message fidelity.

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation

CCE assesses scholastic and co-scholastic areas continuously through the academic year, using formative and summative tools, and was emphasised by the National Curriculum Framework 2005.

Microteaching cycle

Microteaching isolates a single teaching skill, practised on a small group with a short lesson, followed by feedback and re-teaching to refine that specific skill.

Inclusive education meaning

Inclusive education restructures schools and pedagogy so that students with disabilities learn in mainstream classrooms with appropriate support, differing from mere integration into an unchanged system.

Standard deviation and normal curve

Standard deviation is the square root of variance and is expressed in data units; in a normal distribution about 68% of values lie within one SD of the mean and 95% within two.

Correlation coefficient interpretation

The correlation coefficient r ranges from −1 to +1; values near ±1 indicate strong linear association, while r = 0 indicates no linear relationship, not necessarily independence.

Paris Agreement 2015

The Paris Agreement, under the UNFCCC, aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C.

Montreal Protocol 1987

The Montreal Protocol phases out ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons and is regarded as one of the most successful environmental treaties, with universal ratification.

India's net-zero target

India's Nationally Determined Contribution commits to net-zero emissions by 2070 and to achieving about 50% installed electric power capacity from non-fossil sources by 2030.

Syllogism validity test

A syllogistic conclusion is valid only if it holds in every possible Venn diagram consistent with the premises; a single counter-diagram makes the conclusion invalid.

Assertion-Reason option logic

In assertion-reason items, evaluate the assertion and reason independently; choose 'both true, R explains A' only when the reason causally accounts for the assertion, not merely when both are true.

OMR sheet filling rules

Candidates must use a blue or black ballpoint pen, shade one response per question, and avoid correction fluid; multiple responses on a question are treated as incorrect and earn no mark.