NEET-SS flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

NEET-SS negative marking

There is no negative marking in NEET-SS, so candidates should attempt every question and use reasoned elimination rather than leaving blanks.

Part A versus Part B

Part A tests the candidate's own broad specialty; Part B tests applied basic sciences and allied subjects relevant to that specialty group.

Normalisation of NEET-SS scores

Marks from different group papers and sessions are statistically normalised so that candidates competing for the same seats are ranked on a comparable scale.

NEET-SS scorecard validity

A NEET-SS result is valid only for the admission session it was conducted for; it cannot be used for later academic years.

Anion gap formula

Anion gap equals measured sodium minus the sum of measured chloride and bicarbonate, normally about 8 to 12 mEq/L; a raised gap suggests unmeasured anions such as ketones or lactate.

Delta gap interpretation

Delta gap compares the rise in anion gap with the fall in bicarbonate; a ratio near 1 indicates pure high-anion-gap acidosis, while deviation suggests a mixed disorder.

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

pH equals pKa plus the logarithm of bicarbonate divided by dissolved carbon dioxide; it links measured bicarbonate and PaCO2 to the resulting acid-base status.

Positive predictive value dependence

Positive predictive value rises as disease prevalence rises, even when sensitivity and specificity of the test remain unchanged.

Sensitivity versus specificity

Sensitivity is the proportion of diseased people correctly identified as positive; specificity is the proportion of non-diseased people correctly identified as negative.

Starling forces

Net fluid movement across a capillary depends on hydrostatic pressure favouring filtration and oncotic pressure favouring reabsorption, balanced by the filtration coefficient.

First-order drug kinetics

In first-order kinetics a constant fraction of the drug is eliminated per unit time, so half-life is constant and clearance is independent of plasma concentration.

Zero-order drug kinetics

In zero-order kinetics a constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time, so half-life lengthens as concentration rises, as with phenytoin at high doses.

Volume of distribution meaning

Volume of distribution is the apparent volume relating total body drug amount to plasma concentration; a large value indicates extensive tissue distribution.

Mechanisms of cell injury

Reversible and irreversible cell injury commonly arise from ATP depletion, loss of calcium homeostasis, free radical generation, and membrane permeability defects.

Tumour marker limitations

Tumour markers are generally not diagnostic alone; they are useful for monitoring response and recurrence because many benign conditions also raise them.

Sterilisation versus disinfection

Sterilisation destroys all microorganisms including bacterial spores; disinfection reduces pathogenic organisms but may spare spores depending on the agent used.

Gram stain principle

Gram-positive organisms retain crystal violet due to thick peptidoglycan; Gram-negative organisms lose it and take up the counterstain, appearing pink.

Confidence interval meaning

A 95 percent confidence interval is the range that would contain the true population parameter in 95 percent of repeated samples from the same population.

Type I versus Type II error

Type I error is rejecting a true null hypothesis, its probability being alpha; Type II error is failing to reject a false null, its complement being study power.

Counselling versus examination

NEET-SS produces a rank; seat allotment occurs separately in centralised counselling based on rank, category, eligibility verification, and the order of choices filled.

Tie-breaking in NEET-SS

When aggregate scores are equal, merit is decided by a defined sequence that typically includes qualifying examination marks, number of attempts, and date of birth.

Computer-based test interface

NEET-SS is delivered on a computer with single-best-answer multiple-choice items; candidates mark answers and may flag questions for later review within the allotted time.

Eligibility for NEET-SS

Candidates must hold or be completing a recognised postgraduate degree in the relevant broad specialty; the degree and institution must be recognised by the competent authority.

Applied basic sciences emphasis

Part B tests basic sciences through clinical application, so questions usually present a vignette requiring physiological, pathological, or pharmacological reasoning rather than recall alone.

Vignette discrimination strategy

In clinical vignettes, identify the single finding that separates the options, then eliminate choices that fail to explain that specific discriminating feature.

Two-pass MCQ strategy

Answer straightforward items first, flag uncertain ones, then return with remaining time; with no negative marking, every flagged item should receive a final best guess.

Sample size determinants

Sample size depends mainly on expected effect size, variability, chosen significance level, desired power, and whether the design is one- or two-sided.

Study design hierarchy

Randomised controlled trials best support causal inference; cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional designs are progressively more susceptible to confounding and bias.

Renal sodium handling

Most filtered sodium is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule; the distal nephron fine-tunes sodium under aldosterone, which drives potassium secretion in exchange.

Half-life and clearance relation

Half-life is proportional to volume of distribution and inversely proportional to clearance, so larger distribution or reduced clearance both prolong drug persistence.

Inflammation cardinal signs

Rubor, calor, tumor, dolor, and functio laesa arise from vasodilatation, increased permeability, exudation, and mediator-driven sensitisation of nociceptors.

Document verification at counselling

Original certificates including PG degree or completion proof, registration, and category documents must be produced; mismatch or non-recognition can cancel candidature.