IN Pesticide Applicator flashcards
IN Pesticide Applicator · Build recall with a focused review session.
33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- FIFRA
- Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act; the federal law governing pesticide registration, labeling, and use, administered by EPA with state enforcement partners.
- Misbranded pesticide
- A pesticide whose label or labeling lacks required information or contains false or misleading statements; selling or distributing it violates FIFRA.
- Use inconsistent with labeling
- Applying a pesticide in a manner not permitted by its label, such as wrong site, rate, or method; this is a violation of FIFRA.
- Restricted-use pesticide
- A pesticide that may harm humans or the environment and may be applied only by or under the direct supervision of a certified applicator.
- Worker Protection Standard
- Federal rule (40 CFR Part 170) requiring safety training, notification, decontamination supplies, and PPE for agricultural workers and pesticide handlers.
- EPA registration number
- Identifier on a pesticide label showing the product is registered with EPA; it identifies the product and registrant, not the active ingredient.
- State primary enforcement
- Arrangement where EPA grants a state authority to enforce FIFRA within its borders, including certification of applicators and use inspections.
- Signal word DANGER
- Label signal word for Category I toxicity products; accompanied by POISON and a skull-and-crossbones when oral, dermal, or inhalation lethality is very high.
- Signal word WARNING
- Label signal word for Category II products, indicating moderate toxicity; less severe than DANGER but more hazardous than CAUTION.
- Signal word CAUTION
- Label signal word for Category III or IV products, indicating slight to low toxicity; the least hazardous signal word category.
- Directions for use
- The label section stating approved sites, rates, timing, and methods; it is enforceable law and the primary guide for safe application.
- Restricted-entry interval
- The minimum time after a pesticide application before workers may enter the treated area without required PPE; stated on the label.
- Chemical-resistant gloves
- PPE item required by many labels for mixing, loading, and application; must be worn as specified unless the label states an exception.
- Eye exposure first aid
- Flush eyes with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention, following the specific first-aid statement on the product label.
- Inducing vomiting
- Should not be done unless directed by the label or a physician; some formulations cause additional harm if vomited after ingestion.
- Pesticide storage rule
- Keep products in original labeled containers, away from food, feed, children, and animals; never place pesticides in food or beverage containers.
- Integrated Pest Management
- A decision process: identify the pest, monitor, set thresholds, combine cultural, biological, and chemical tactics, then evaluate results.
- Economic threshold
- The pest density at which control action is justified to prevent economic loss, set below the economic injury level.
- Economic injury level
- The pest population density that causes crop loss equal to the cost of control; the basis for setting economic thresholds.
- Resistance management
- Rotating pesticide mode-of-action groups, using labeled rates, and avoiding repeated use of one chemistry to slow development of resistant pest populations.
- Mode of action
- The biochemical process by which a pesticide kills or inhibits a pest; grouping products by mode of action guides rotation to prevent resistance.
- Preemergence herbicide
- Herbicide applied before weeds emerge, active on germinating seeds; requires proper soil placement and often moisture for activation.
- Postemergence herbicide
- Herbicide applied to weeds that have already emerged; efficacy depends on weed size, growth stage, and adjuvants.
- Biological control
- Use of natural enemies such as predators, parasitoids, and pathogens to suppress pests; conserved by limiting broad-spectrum insecticide use.
- Cultural control
- Pest management through practices like sanitation, crop rotation, resistant varieties, and exclusion that reduce pest introduction or buildup.
- Sprayer GPA formula
- Gallons per acre = (GPM per nozzle × 5940) divided by (MPH × nozzle spacing in inches); the core broadcast calibration equation.
- Nozzle flow formula
- GPM per nozzle = (GPA × MPH × nozzle spacing in inches) divided by 5940; used to select nozzles for a target application rate.
- Pressure and flow relation
- Nozzle flow changes with the square root of the pressure ratio; doubling pressure increases flow about 1.41 times, not double.
- Nozzle replacement rule
- Replace worn nozzles when output varies more than about 10% from the new-nozzle rate or from other nozzles on the same boom.
- Drift reduction methods
- Use larger droplets, drift-reducing nozzles, lower boom height, and apply only when wind is within label limits to reduce off-target spray drift.
- Calibration frequency
- Recalibrate whenever nozzles, speed, pressure, or formulation change, and check nozzle uniformity before each application season.
- Tank mix calculation
- Product amount = desired rate per acre multiplied by acres to treat; verify whether the label rate is per acre or per 1000 square feet.
- Granular applicator calibration
- Measure output over a known distance and speed, then convert to pounds per acre using the effective swath width.