Notation Systems: Bhatkhande and Vishnu Digambar Paluskar
Domain 5 compares the two notation systems used in Punjab board theory.
Bhatkhande
- Uses Roman sargam: S R G m P D N for shuddha; komal Re, Ga, Dha, Ni are r, g, d, n; tivra Ma is M.
- Octave: dot below for mandra, dot above for taar.
- Matras are separated by vertical lines, vibhags by longer lines or double bars; sam is marked x, khali 0, tali by numbers.
Paluskar
- Uses Devanagari sargam: स रे ग म प ध नि; komal notes carry an underline, tivra Ma a vertical mark.
- Tala cycles are written with matra numbers and symbols for tali/khali; the layout is closer to a song book.
Worked example
Notate the Khamaj phrase S G m P D n S' in both. Bhatkhande: S G m P D n S'. Paluskar: स ग म प ध नि (underlined) सां. Reasoning: Khamaj has komal Ni, so the Bhatkhande n is lowercase and the Paluskar नि is underlined; Ga and Ma remain shuddha.
Traps
- Writing tivra Ma as m in Bhatkhande.
- Forgetting that Paluskar notation is in Devanagari, not Roman.
- Omitting the octave dot above S'.
- Marking vibhags but not sam.