Punjab PSEB Matric NSQF Logistics (Land Transportation Associate) flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Logistics

The planning, execution and control of the movement and storage of goods, services and related information from origin to the point of consumption to meet customer requirements.

Reverse logistics

The flow of goods back from the customer for returns, repair, recall, recycling or disposal, including the transport, inspection and restocking steps involved.

Last mile delivery

The final leg of the supply chain from the last hub or warehouse to the consignee; usually the costliest part per consignment because drops are small and scattered.

Third-party logistics provider

An external company that performs logistics functions such as transport, warehousing and distribution for a client under a service contract, letting the client focus on its core business.

Mode selection rule

Choose the transport mode by comparing total door-to-door cost and transit time, including handling, terminal and inventory-in-transit costs, not just the line-haul freight rate.

Intermodal transport

Movement of goods using two or more transport modes under a single contract, with the cargo kept in one loading unit such as a container so it is not unpacked at transfer points.

Rail freight characteristics

High fixed cost for track and terminals but low variable cost per tonne-kilometre, suited to bulky, low-value, long-haul freight such as coal, ore and foodgrain.

Pipeline transport

Continuous movement of liquids or gases through fixed pipes; very low operating cost per unit but limited to one product type and a fixed route between two points.

Gross vehicle weight

The total permitted weight of a vehicle including its kerb weight, fuel, driver, passengers and payload; it is the figure used for vehicle classification and legal load limits.

Payload

The weight of cargo a vehicle may legally carry, calculated as gross vehicle weight minus the unladen (kerb) weight of the vehicle with fuel and driver.

Volume-limited load

A light but bulky consignment that fills the vehicle's deck area or cubic capacity before reaching the permitted payload, so space rather than weight limits the booking.

Load securing

The practice of distributing weight evenly, keeping the centre of gravity low and using straps, chains, dunnage or load bars so cargo cannot shift during transport.

Lorry receipt

The consignment note issued by the transporter; it acts as the contract of carriage and records consignor, consignee, goods description, weight, freight charges and risk terms.

E-way bill

An electronic document required for the movement of goods above the notified value threshold; it carries a unique number and a validity period based on distance travelled.

Goods carriage permit

An authorisation issued by the transport authority allowing a vehicle to carry goods for hire or reward; national permits cover inter-state movement while state permits cover one state.

Fitness certificate

A certificate issued after inspection confirming a transport vehicle is roadworthy; it must be valid and carried in the vehicle, along with registration, insurance and permit.

Cross-docking

A warehouse practice where inbound goods are transferred directly to outbound vehicles with little or no storage, cutting handling and inventory but requiring accurate timing.

Put-away

The process of moving received stock to its assigned storage location, chosen by product class, size or hazard, and recording the location so pickers can find it.

FEFO rotation

First expiry, first out: stock with the earliest expiry date is issued first, which prevents perishable or dated goods from becoming unusable in storage.

Cycle counting

Counting a rotating subset of stock items on a scheduled basis instead of a full shutdown count, with high-value A-class items counted most frequently.

Reorder point

The stock level that triggers a new order, calculated as average demand during lead time plus safety stock kept for demand and lead-time variability.

Inventory turnover

A ratio of cost of goods sold to average inventory value; a higher figure shows stock moving faster through the warehouse and less capital tied up.

Safety stock

Extra inventory held to cover unexpected demand or supplier delays, protecting service levels at the cost of higher carrying charges.

Tertiary packaging

The transport pack that unitises secondary packs for handling and shipping, such as a stretch-wrapped pallet load or a wooden crate holding several cartons.

Material safety data sheet

A document listing a chemical's hazards, safe handling, required protective equipment, storage conditions, spill response and first-aid measures; read it before handling the substance.

Vehicle routing problem

The task of assigning a set of delivery stops to a fleet of vehicles with limited capacity, often with time windows, so that every stop is served at least total cost.

Empty running

Movement of a vehicle without paying cargo; it is the largest avoidable cost in road transport and is reduced by finding backhauls for the return trip.

Cost per kilometre

Total trip cost divided by distance travelled; it combines fixed costs per trip with variable costs such as fuel, tyres, maintenance and tolls per kilometre.

Proof of delivery

A document signed by the consignee confirming receipt of the consignment in the stated quantity and condition; it closes the delivery and supports billing and claims.

Service gap

The difference between what a customer expects from the logistics service and what is actually delivered, closed by setting and measuring clear service standards.

Forklift pedestrian separation

A safety rule requiring marked walkways, barriers and blind-corner warning devices so pedestrians and forklift trucks do not share the same floor space.

Geo-fencing

A telematics feature that defines a virtual boundary around a site; crossing it automatically records vehicle arrival or departure and can trigger alerts or reports.

Break-even quantity

The number of units or trips at which total revenue equals total cost, calculated as fixed costs divided by the contribution per unit (price minus variable cost).