Physical Fitness, Wellness and Lifestyle
Domain focus
This domain tests the components of physical fitness, the dimensions of wellness, and how lifestyle choices either build or damage health. Expect comparison questions and BMI or fitness-score interpretation.
Core concepts
- Health-related fitness: cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition.
- Skill-related fitness: speed, agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time.
- Wellness dimensions: physical, emotional/mental, social, spiritual, intellectual, environmental and occupational.
- Lifestyle: regular activity, balanced diet, sleep, stress control, no tobacco/alcohol; risks include obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease.
- BMI: weight in kg divided by height in metres squared.
Worked example
A 70 kg student is 1.75 m tall. BMI = 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) = 70 ÷ 3.0625 = 22.9 kg/m². This falls in the normal range (18.5–24.9). Reasoning: square the height first, then divide; do not use centimetres. BMI screens weight status but does not measure body fat or fitness.
Traps
- Mixing health-related and skill-related components.
- Reporting BMI in cm or without units.
- Claiming a normal BMI proves good cardiovascular fitness.
- Treating wellness as only physical health.