RBI JE key terms

The internal moment at a section of a beam that balances the external loads and reactions on one side of that section; it produces bending stress and is measured in newton-metres.

The internal force acting parallel to a beam's cross-section, equal to the algebraic sum of all vertical loads and reactions lying on one side of the section.

A site test that measures the workability of fresh concrete by filling a standard cone, lifting it, and recording how far the sample settles.

The mass of water divided by the mass of cement in a concrete mix; lowering it increases strength and durability but makes the mix harder to place.

The maximum pressure a soil can safely carry at the base of a foundation without shear failure or settlement beyond acceptable limits.

A surveying instrument with a telescope mounted on horizontal and vertical axes, used to measure horizontal and vertical angles accurately in the field.

In an AC circuit, the ratio of real power in kilowatts to apparent power in kilovolt-amperes; it equals the cosine of the angle between voltage and current.

Connecting the exposed metal body of electrical equipment to the ground so that fault current flows safely to earth instead of through a person.

A switching device that opens a circuit automatically during a fault and can be closed again; unlike a fuse, it is not destroyed by operating.

A static electrical device with two or more coupled windings that changes voltage levels by electromagnetic induction, at the same frequency and with no rotating parts.

An AC motor in which a rotating magnetic field from the stator induces currents in the rotor and drives it at a speed slightly below synchronous speed.

Two circuit rules: the currents entering a node equal those leaving it, and the sum of voltage drops around any closed loop equals the applied EMF.

The rate at which the Reserve Bank of India lends short-term funds to banks against government securities; raising it makes credit costlier and helps control inflation.

The share of a bank's net demand and time liabilities that it must keep as cash with the RBI; this balance earns no interest for the bank.

The minimum portion of net demand and time liabilities that a bank must hold in cash, gold or approved government securities before lending.

The Reserve Bank's use of interest rates, reserve ratios and open market operations to manage money supply, control inflation and support growth.

The excess of the government's total expenditure over its receipts other than borrowing, showing how much it must borrow in a financial year.

Reserve Bank rules that require banks to give a fixed share of credit, generally 40 percent of adjusted net bank credit, to agriculture, MSMEs and weaker sections.

The market value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a given period, widely used as the measure of an economy's size.

A word that carries the same or nearly the same meaning as another word in a particular context, such as 'begin' and 'commence'.

A word whose meaning is opposite to that of another word, such as 'expand' and 'contract'; antonym questions test vocabulary range and precision.

A fixed group of words whose meaning cannot be guessed from the individual words, such as 'to bury the hatchet' meaning to end a quarrel.

The grammar rule that a verb must agree with its subject in number and person, so a singular subject takes a singular verb form.

Restating what someone said without quotation marks, with changes to pronouns, tense and time words, as in 'she said she was busy'.

A passage with certain words or phrases deleted, which the candidate must restore from the options using grammar, collocation and the surrounding context.

A set of sentences presented in scrambled order that must be rearranged into a coherent paragraph, using linkers, pronouns and the flow of ideas.

A quantity expressed as a part of one hundred; it is the base for profit and loss, discount, interest and many data interpretation calculations.

Interest charged only on the original principal for the whole period, calculated as principal multiplied by rate multiplied by time, divided by one hundred.

Interest added to the principal at fixed intervals so that later interest is earned on earlier interest, making the amount grow faster than simple interest.

A ratio compares two quantities of the same kind by division; a proportion states that two ratios are equal, allowing an unknown term to be found.

The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values; it links the total of a group to its count in many arithmetic problems.

The relation that distance equals speed multiplied by time, used in problems on trains, relative speed, and boats travelling with or against a stream.

A set of questions based on a table, bar chart, pie chart or line graph, where the candidate must compute ratios, averages or percentage changes from the data.

A logic question that gives two or more premises assumed to be true and asks whether a stated conclusion necessarily follows from them.

Puzzles that describe family ties in words or coded form, from which the candidate must work out how two given persons are related.

Questions in which letters or numbers of a word are replaced by a fixed rule, and the candidate must identify or apply the rule to another word.

A puzzle that places people in a row or around a table using clues such as 'A sits third to the left of B', from which every position must be deduced.

Problems that trace a person's path through turns and distances in the four or eight compass directions to find the final direction or shortest distance.

A sequence of numbers following a hidden pattern, in which the candidate uses differences, ratios, squares or alternating rules to find the missing term.

A short passage followed by conclusions, where the candidate judges whether each one logically follows from the given information rather than from outside knowledge.